共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
湿地松容器育苗基质选择和造林效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过对湿地松容器育苗9种营养土配方优化选择和造林技术试验研究结果表明：黄心土（45％）＋苗圃地土（45％），配以火烧灰土（10％）、复合肥和二铵（各1．5％）为基质最佳配方。容器苗根系保护完整，侧根发达，主根生长不良（容器底阻隔）在相同立地条件下造林成活率明显高于裸根苗，且造林后无明显缓苗期，当年苗木生长量大于裸根苗，并可廷长造林季节。 相似文献
3.
尾巨桉试管苗移栽基质配方的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以五色土、堆沤木糠渣、锯木屑、泥炭为供试基质材料，进行尾巨桉3229试管苗移栽基质配方筛选研究。结果表明，五色土和锯木屑(1：2、1：1、2：1)三个配比的混合基质均可作为尾巨桉3229试管苗的移栽基质，其成活率高(达98．21％以上)和生长快，与对照(五色土)的成活率96．43％相近；纯五色土和泥炭(1：2和1：1)二个配比的混合基质也可作为尾巨桉试管苗的移栽基质。 相似文献
4.
蘑菇渣堆肥对油松容器苗生长及养分吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《林业科学》2017,(2)
【目的】研究蘑菇渣堆肥对油松容器苗生长及养分吸收的影响,探究蘑菇渣堆肥替代草炭进行容器育苗的可行性,以促进农业废弃物资源的循环利用。【方法】以油松1年生播种容器苗为研究对象,通过维持混合基质中珍珠岩比例不变,逐渐增加蘑菇渣堆肥的比例以替代草炭。试验设置堆肥添加比例0~75%组成8种基质配方,研究不同基质处理理化性质及其对油松容器苗生长、根系形态及养分吸收的影响。【结果】当蘑菇渣堆肥添加比例在30%以内时,各基质处理的出苗率能达到80%的生产指标,且苗木高度、地径、茎叶生物量以及茎根比等均与常用草炭处理(对照)无显著差异,而根系各相关形态指标(0D≤0.5 mm的细根除外)保持与对照无显著差异的堆肥最大添加比例能达到50%。随着蘑菇渣堆肥添加量的增大,苗木细根指标(累计长度、表面积、体积)呈先增大后减小的趋势,在堆肥添加比例为30%时达到最高,显著高于常用草炭处理。蘑菇渣堆肥的添加也能促进苗木体内氮、磷、钾养分的积累,蘑菇渣堆肥比例为30%时叶氮、钾含量显著高于对照,苗木质量较高,有利于造林。各基质配方物理性质对于育苗是适宜的,基质密度虽随堆肥的添加而逐渐增大,但总体仍较轻,各基质保水通气特性亦差异不大。逐渐添加蘑菇渣堆肥比例大于40%后,基质pH由酸变碱会影响根系状态及离子吸收,是导致苗木质量下降的一个重要因素,而部分基质处理中EC值及有效性N、P、K养分水平的过高抑制细根生长,也是影响苗木其他指标的另一个关键因素。【结论】从蘑菇渣堆肥替代草炭的育苗经济效益及生态角度考虑,本试验中最佳基质配方为蘑菇渣堆肥30%、珍珠岩25%、草炭45%。此研究结果可为蘑菇渣堆肥在容器苗培育中的合理应用提供理论参考。 相似文献
5.
6.
采用5种基质培育1年生湿地松容器苗，对不同基质培育的苗木地径、高度、鲜干重等指标进行了测定。结果表明，不同轻型基质配方对湿地松容器苗质量影响明显，表现较好的配方是Ⅳ号、Ⅱ号、Ⅲ号基质；同时，容器大小选择B型较好： 相似文献
7.
油茶芽苗砧嫁接容器育苗中,将黄心土、松林表土、食用菌残料、泥炭、粪土按不同体积比混合制成5种基质配方,以园土为对照,采用随机区组试验设计,通过方差分析、多重比较,研究各基质对1年生油茶容器苗木生长的影响,从而筛选出最佳基质配方。结果表明,不同基质对油茶容器苗的苗木移栽存活率、苗高、地径粗度、侧根长度影响存在显著性差异。以黄心土40%+松林表土15%+食用菌残料20%+泥炭20%+粪土5%为配方的基质培育的油茶幼苗,各项生长指标均优于对照及其余基质配方,因此可将其作为油茶容器育苗的基质用于推广。 相似文献
8.
马尾松和湿加松轻基质网袋容器育苗试验 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以传统基质（黄心土50％＋森林表土50％）为对照，对马尾松和湿加松轻基质网袋容器育苗进行试验的结果表明：松皮粉100％（A）、松皮粉70％＋锯末20％＋森林表土8％＋杉皮粉2％（B）配方的容器苗高和地径均显著高于对照，容器基质重量最轻；松皮粉50％＋锯末4JD％＋森林表土8％＋杉皮粉2％（C）配方次之，但其单株干物质的总重量最大；松皮粉30％＋锯末60％＋森林表土8％＋杉皮粉2％（D）配方生长表现最差。建议生产上培育马尾松和湿加松轻基质网袋苗时，添加约70％的松皮粉、20％的锯末作为育苗基质。 相似文献
9.
马尾松容器育苗营养配方基质选择试验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
分别采用充分腐熟后的松针粉、松树皮粉、锯木屑、稻谷壳粉、竹叶粉为主要基质成分与腐殖土、松林表土、火土灰、黄心土、过磷酸钙混合组成３０个配方基质。通过对苗高、地径、总鲜重、总干重、地上干重／地下干重６项指标进行方差分析和多重比较，３０个配方基质中，以稻谷壳粉（５０）＋腐殖土（１０）＋松林表土（２０）＋火土灰（１０）＋黄心土（１０）＋过磷酸钙５％；稻谷壳（４０）＋腐殖土（２０）＋松林表土（２０）＋火土 相似文献
10.
不同基质对无柄小叶榕容器苗生长和叶片生理特性的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以珍珠岩、锯屑、稻谷壳和泥炭土为材料,采用单形重心混料试验设计方法设计14种轻型基质配方.以常规基质为对照,研究这14种基质对无柄小叶榕容器苗的生长和叶片生理特性的影响.结果表明:不同基质配方对容器苗的生长和叶片生理特性有显著影响,5,6和8号基质容器苗的生长极显著优于常规基质容器苗,而3,12和14号基质容器苗的生长则极显著差于对照.5,6和8号基质容器苗叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率显著高于对照,3,12和14号基质容器苗的类胡萝卜素含量和净光合速率显著低于对照,此外,3,12和14号基质容器苗O2-产生速率明显高于对照.3,12和14号基质容器苗较低的光合性能是由于光合色素合成不足和光合机构活性较低所导致.光合机构中过剩激发能不能通过非辐射能的形式有效地耗散掉,诱导了O2-生成,引起膜脂过氧化加剧而使光合机构受到损伤,加剧其光合速率的降低.不同基质中无柄小叶榕容器苗的生长和叶片生理特性分析表明:5,6和8号基质为无柄小叶榕容器育苗的优良轻型培养基质,对无柄小叶榕的容器苗生产具有重要意义. 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
15.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
17.
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
19.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
20.
A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献