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1.
在海涂含盐土壤中，角竹造林后成园快，笋单产高于哺鸡竹；角竹笋期５月１４日～６月１０日，哺鸡竹为４月２９日～５月１０日，盛笋期在出笋中前期，延续约１０～１２ｄ；竹笋单株重量哺鸡竹明显大于角竹，笋株粗重期在出笋初期和中前期，比盛笋期约早３ｄ，延续时间同盛笋期。因此，宜扩大角竹造林面积，延长供笋期，多产市场淡季笋，以获得更佳的效益。 相似文献
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白哺鸡竹(Phyllostachys dulcis)刚竹属。笋期4月中旬至5月上旬，其笋肉白嫩而鲜美，俗称“玉笋”，笋味明显优于毛竹笋、雷竹笋、高节竹笋等其它笋用竹。我省绩溪县瀛州乡、扬溪镇、伏岭镇等地有成片分布。适合于淮河以南丘陵岗地和四旁推广栽培。为了探求白哺鸡笋用竹林的丰产技术措施，笔者在绩溪县瀛州乡坑口村开展了白哺鸡笋用竹林低改培育试验。现将结果初报如下，供参考。 相似文献
3.
对浙江省临安太湖源竹种园引种的石竹、甜笋竹、雷竹、红竹、黄甜竹、高节竹、角竹、白哺鸡竹、乌哺鸡竹、水桂竹、黄皮刚竹、桂竹、四季竹等13个中小径笋用竹种的出笋成竹规律及其竹笋的营养成分进行观察、测定。结果表明,不同竹种出笋时间和昼夜生长节律不一致,雷竹和石竹笋期较早,黄甜竹、乌哺鸡竹、白哺鸡竹等笋期居中,黄皮刚竹和桂竹的笋期最晚;多表现出白天累计生长量大于夜间累计生长量的规律,而甜笋竹、红竹、水桂竹及乌哺鸡竹的昼夜节律却与之相反。不同竹种的竹笋营养成分含量不同,但均有较高的含水量和蛋白质含量,而脂肪含量较低,氨基酸种类齐全。本研究可为优良中小径散生笋用竹的引种扩繁提供参考。 相似文献
4.
采收期对3种笋用竹竹笋营养及氨基酸含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明不同采笋期对竹笋品质及营养成分的影响,对红哺鸡竹(Phylostachys iridescens)、白哺鸡竹(Ph.dulcis)和黄秆乌哺鸡竹(Ph.vivax'aureocaulis')3种笋用竹不同采笋期竹笋蛋白质、粗纤维、还原糖、灰分含量和氨基酸质量分数进行了测定.结果表明,3种笋用竹竹笋蛋白质干基含量均在310 g/kg以上,红哺鸡竹还原糖干基含量为107.0—188.1 g/kg,而白哺鸡竹和黄秆乌哺鸡竹还原糖含量分别为66.1—117.2,72.1—121.0 g/kg.3种笋用竹竹笋中粗纤维含量为43.0—84.2 g/kg,脂肪为26.0—36.0 g/kg.采收期异同不仅影响竹笋的粗纤维和灰分含量,也会影响到竹笋中蛋白质、脂肪、还原糖,但不同竹种的含量变化有所不同.红哺鸡竹竹笋中脂肪、蛋白质含量随采集时间的推后含量递减,但还原糖含量递增,而白哺鸡竹和黄秆乌哺鸡竹竹笋中脂肪、蛋白质含量随采集时间的变化不明显.3种笋用竹竹笋氨基酸总量(T)变化在13.06—35.4 g/kg,E/T值均在33.0以上.红哺鸡竹竹笋的T值随采收期的延后含量增加,而白哺鸡竹和黄秆乌哺鸡竹竹笋的T值则呈现出随采收期的延后含量递减,儿童必需氨基酸总量(CE)呈现类似的变化.竹笋营养成分和氨基酸的时令变化对于指导竹笋采集和竹林经营具有一定指导意义. 相似文献
5.
乌哺鸡竹梅季造林成效及其出笋成竹规律研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
经造林试验，结果表明：只要正确掌握技术要领，梅雨季节移栽乌哺鸡竹，可获得成活保存率高、发笋成竹快，新竹质量不断提高等良好成效。据笋期观测统计：乌哺鸡竹自然笋期始于４月２３日，终于５月７日，历时１５天；出笋盛期出笋成竹量占绝大部分，初期和后期则少；成竹率顺序为：盛期〉初期〉后期，早期退笋率相反。初期成竹径粗略大于盛期，后期最细；距母竹近则出笋早，远则迟。出笋成竹和早期退竹量随距母竹远近而表现出中距〉 相似文献
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7.
黄秆乌哺鸡竹引种研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《湖南林业科技》2015,(5)
在湖南益阳进行黄秆乌哺鸡竹引种栽培试验,研究黄秆乌哺鸡竹鞭芽的萌动、竹笋的出笋、退笋、成竹规律及其生物学特性。结果表明:黄秆乌哺鸡适合于湖南益阳山区、丘陵、湖区引种,出笋成竹率高,适应性强。 相似文献
8.
几种笋用竹对竹丛枝病的抗性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对8个笋用竹种对竹丛枝病抗病性试验发现，不同的笋用竹对竹丛枝病的抗病程度有明显差异，早竹、燕竹、雷竹普遍容易感病，属高度感病品种；白哺鸡竹、乌哺鸡竹的抗病性最强。 相似文献
9.
红哺鸡竹笋用林早出丰产技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对红哺鸡竹笋用林早出丰产技术研究的结果表明，采用地面复盖等早出丰产技术能够明显提高红哺鸡竹笋用林经济效益，最佳经营模式是在１１月中旬至１２月中旬分两次复盖厚达４０ｃｍ谷壳，能够使立竹度１０５００株／ｈｍ＾２的红哺鸡竹笋用林比对照提早７０天出笋，复盖６０天后出笋较多，产量和产值分别比对照提高３５３．７％和７１６．３％，早出笋闰量和产值分别占总数的５２．９％和７３．８％，出笋适宜地温１５℃以上。 相似文献
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11.
为了改进栽培措施、使早实核桃连年丰产稳产,研究了不同早实核桃品种的不同类型结果母枝的结实能力以及1 a生枝的拉枝效果,结果表明,在所研究的早实核桃品种中,辽宁1号结果母枝连续结实能力最强,其4 a生枝段上连续3 a结果母枝比例及混合花芽比例分别为51.67%和55.83%;然后依次是辽宁3号、中林1号、绿岭和鲁果1号,分别为60.94%和36.30%、52.78%和36.99%、20.12%和42.83%、15.43%和15.30%。1 a生枝拉枝后的萌芽率平均为56%,未拉枝的仅36%,拉枝后平均新梢结果数提高了10%。 相似文献
12.
为建立色木槭芽直接增殖的诱导培养体系,以色木槭野生树木休眠芽萌发枝条为材料,进行芽增殖的培养条件研究。结果表明,4月份是适宜休眠芽培养的取材时期。嫩茎在2%次氯酸钠浸泡20 min是最佳消毒方案。NAA浓度对休眠芽萌发和嫩茎生长的影响具有显著差异。MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+20 g/L蔗糖(pH5.8)是适合休眠芽萌发和嫩茎伸长的培养基。培养30天时,腋芽萌发率可达63.3%,嫩茎平均高度可达15.9 mm。6-BA对芽直接增殖的促进效果好于KT。不同激素组合中,IBA与6-BA组合对芽增殖和丛生芽生长的效果好于NAA与6-BA组合、NAA与KT组合、IBA与KT组合。MS+0.1 mg/L IBA+1 mg/L 6-BA+20 g/L蔗糖是适合芽增殖和丛生芽生长的培养基。培养30天时,芽增殖率可达90%,增殖倍数可达3.19,且茎芽生长正常。 相似文献
13.
This study is a continuation of earlier work on apical dominance inTriplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum., aimed at the development of an early clonal selection test for branching habit and yield in tree improvement programmes. Decapitated plants of five to seven clones were treated with either: (i) two photon flux densities (photosynthetically active radiation at full or 10% sunlight, approximately 2000 and 200 μmol quanta m−2s−1 measured at midday on a clear day); (ii) two temperatures (ambient 30°C or 40°C in a polythene tent); (iii) two humidities (ambient=40–70% relative humidity at 30°C or with humidification=95–100% relative humidity at 28°C). Bud activity, shoot length and numbers of leaves produced following decapitation were all increased by high photon flux density and high humidity. In contrast to similar studies under glasshouse conditions in Britain, dominance was not re-established following the initial period of sprouting. The sprouting phase was similar in Nigeria and Britain. Clonal differences in bud activity were similar under different treatments, although there were minor changes in ranking. Increasing the air temperatures from 30 to 40°C resulted in leaf areas of 165 cm2 and 23 cm2, respectively. Normal polarity of lateral shoot production following decapitation was completely inverted by high temperature. 相似文献
14.
Ekambaranellore Prakash Patan Shaik Sha Valli Khan Thoguru Jonh Vivek Sreenivasa Rao Elu Singh Meru 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(5):329-335
In vitro clonal multiplication of Pterocarpus santalinus L. was achieved using mature nodal explants of a 10-year-old elite quality tree. Combinations of serial transfer technique
and incorporation of antioxidants (250 mg/l L-ascorbic acid and 50 mg/l citric acid) into the culture medium helped to minimize medium browning and improve explant survival
during shoot sprouting. About 70% of explants were sprouted on Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium containing 4.4 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA). The explant harvest period also influenced the bud break and shoot sprouting in nodal explants. The
combination of 4.4 μM BA and 2.2 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) was found to be the most suitable growth regulator for obtaining the highest percentage of nodal segment
sprouting (74%–75%), the number of secondary shoots per primary shoot (two or three), the shoot length (5–6 cm), the number
of new nodal segments generated per active explant (four or five), and the multiplication coefficient (3.5) within 6 weeks.
Repeated subculturing of nodal explants obtained from shoot cultures enabled continuous production of healthy axillary shoots.
At the end of the sixth passage, about 90% of nodal explants produced five or six healthy green shoots, each being about 6.6 cm
long with six or seven nodes. Multiplication coefficient was also increased from the first subculture (5.4) to the sixth subculture
(8.3). The best rooting response was achieved on solidified half-strength MS medium supplemented with 4.9 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). About 70% of the micropropagated plantlets were established successfully in 20-cm pots containing
a mixture of soil and farmyard manure (4 : 1 ratio) and formed new leaflets. 相似文献
15.
以银杏核用品种最优单株"宁银1号"为接穗,对宁化县定植12年的银杏核用低产劣质品种的盛果期幼树进行高位嫁接试验,结果表明:嫁接季节、嫁接方法和接穗的年龄、粗度、性别以及接芽部位与砧木接口粗度对嫁接成活率、当年抽梢长度具有极显著影响,但对抽梢率没有影响。嫁接成活率、当年抽梢长度以春季采用粗度为0.8 cm以上接穗的1年生顶芽、接口粗度1.0 cm砧木、嫁接方法采用截干切接或截干舌接进行高位嫁接效果最好;雌株嫁接成活率达98%以上,当年抽梢率达100%,抽梢长度达50 cm以上;雄株成活率达80%以上,当年抽梢率达100%,抽梢长度达40 cm以上。 相似文献
16.
马尾松不同苗木类型与整地方式造林早期效果的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对不同苗木类型和整地方式的马尾松幼林的造林成活率、生长状况、生物量和根系特征进行测定，结果表明：容器苗可明显提高造林成活率、当年抽梢高和生物量；整地方式对造林当年的马尾松幼林有一定影响，而在第３年则对幼林树高和抽梢高起着明显促进作用。 相似文献
17.
毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis(Carr.)H.de Lehaie)作为我国最主要的经济和生态竹种[1-6],其养分管理和丰产培育技术一直是重要研究内容[7-12];然而,由于毛竹大小年和异龄结构等特点,迄今丰产经营的毛竹林肥培仍多凭经验,施肥量和肥培重点对象不明确,极易造成养分流失、肥力降低和环境污染.为此,近年来作者及课题组成员从毛竹生长发育规律出发,系统研究了自冬笋到竹材成熟采伐整个生长(经营)期毛竹生长和养分积累规律.冬笋是毛竹的第一生长阶段[13],其生长和营养状况直接决定着来年林分产量和经济效益[14]. 相似文献
18.
We studied the influence of temperature and near- and sub- optimal mineral nutrition of black spruce seedlings (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) during their second growing period on bud set, bud development, growth, mineral content and cold tolerance. Bud break and growth after bud break were also studied. Seedlings were grown for 106 d in growth chambers under three temperature regimes in combination with three concentrations of a fertilizer. They were then cold hardened for 56 d and dehardened for 66 d.Under these near- and sub-optimal N levels, bud formation occurred during the growing season. Bud formation was accelerated with decreasing fertilization, but was not affected by temperature treatments. Needles from seedlings with 0.64% N (dry mass basis) before hardening did not harden. Those with 0.87% N showed a lesser degree of hardiness than those with 1.28% N. Stem diameter increased at the beginning of the hardening period. During this acclimation period, shoot dry mass decreased with time at a constant rate and at the same rate over time for all treatments whereas root dry mass was more variable. Total number of needle primordia was low and no difference was observed among growing conditions. Bud break was similar in all treatments. Following bud break, shoot height and stem diameter increases were small but their magnitude varied with the nutritional regimes applied during the previous growing period. During hardening, nitrogen concentration of shoot tissues first increased and then decreased; phosphorus concentration first increased and then remained stable; potassium concentration remained stable. Concentration of these three elements generally decreased in the roots during this hardening. 相似文献
19.
优质高产笋用竹种评选和配置 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将我省10个主要的散生竹笋用良种集中成片种植在一起,按笋产量、笋期、笋价、笋个体大小、造林成本、投产年限、综合利用诸因子进行观察、评选,结果看出,最优类为早竹_1,优良类为早竹_2、白哺鸡、红竹、高节竹,角竹次之,石竹、刚竹、五月季、安吉金竹则不属优良范围。目前可以推广的笋用竹林,早熟的有早竹_1,中熟的有白哺鸡和红竹,晚熟的可选高节竹和角竹。考虑经营效益和市场需求,在城市附近及交通方便处,宜发展以鲜食为主的笋用林,竹种搭配以早竹_1为主,辅以中熟品种白哺鸡和红竹,晚熟品种面积不宜过大,在边远山区以生产加工笋罐头为目的笋用竹林,宜以晚熟高产的角竹、高节竹为主及中熟的红竹。 相似文献
20.
绿竹笋营养成分及笋期叶养分的施肥效应 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究施有机肥、复合肥、无机肥对绿竹笋营养成分及笋期叶片N、P、K含量的影响。结果表明 :3种肥料处理对绿竹笋N、P、K含量、粗蛋白质、粗纤维、蛋白质水解氨基酸含量有明显的促进作用 ,竹笋N和蛋白质含量以无机肥处理最高 ,P含量、氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量以复合肥处理最高 ,K含量、粗纤维、半需氨基酸总量以有机肥处理最高 ,但还原糖、总可溶性糖、蔗糖、淀粉含量不施肥处理明显高于施肥处理。 3种肥料处理对绿竹叶片N、P、K含量的影响在不同发笋时期表现出一定的差异性 ,发笋初期N、P、K含量施肥处理明显高于不施肥处理 ,以无机肥处理最高 ;盛期叶片N、P含量以有机肥处理最高 ,K含量以无机肥处理最高 ;末期N含量以有机肥处理最高 ,P含量以不施肥处理最高 ,K含量以无机肥处理最高 ,表现出不同肥料施肥效应的差异性。 相似文献