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1.
We previously reported that a strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (Pepo CMV) invaded the shoot apical meristem (SAM, tunica corpus) of tobacco plants at 6–8 days postinoculation (dpi), contrary to earlier observations. To identify a viral factor determining the ability to invade the SAM, we inoculated plants with two other CMV strains, MY17 and Y, and tested the three strains in this study. Immunohistochemical microscopy revealed that MY17 CMV invaded the SAM at 7 dpi, the same as Pepo CMV, but Y CMV did not, even at 21 dpi. Using RNA pseudorecombinants between Pepo and Y CMV, we found that Pepo RNA 2 affected the rate of SAM invasion, and Pepo RNA 3 was required for successful SAM invasion. Inoculation with RNA 1 and RNA 2 from Y CMV and RNA 3 containing the chimeric coat protein (CP) gene between Pepo and Y CMV or a Y RNA 3 point mutant containing a Ser-to-Pro substitution at position 129 in CP (Y129P) revealed that amino acid 129 of CP is the determinant for successful SAM invasion. The rate of SAM invasion of the pseudorecombinants and Y129P was consistent with the efficiency of cell-to-cell movement in the inoculated leaves, implying that SAM invasion by CMV strains may be due to efficient cell-to-cell movement. 相似文献
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系统侵染的番茄植株中黄瓜花叶病毒的时序变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用实时荧光定量PCR (FQ-PCR)和DAS-ELISA方法,研究了22~26℃温室条件下番茄幼苗中黄瓜花叶病毒CNA株系(CMV-CNA)各基因组RNA组分及其外壳蛋白(CP)含量的动态变化,同时结合同期感病植株症状发展和病情指数,分析并探讨CMV各基因组RNA、CP以及病症显示程度之间的时间效应及其相关性。以18S rRNA为内参照,FQ-PCR相对定量分析结果显示:接种后5~30 d,CMV三分体基因组RNA在系统侵染的番茄组织中负荷量变化趋势大体一致,但是不同时期含量差异显著,均经历对数增长期、稳定期和回落期。其中,以RNA2负荷量变化情况最为平缓。DAS-ELISA检测结果显示:CP含量随接种时间延长而持续升高,但其对数增长趋势相对滞后于基因组RNA。番茄幼苗发病症状与CMV基因组RNA及CP负荷量的变化趋势大体一致,但症状表现时间相对滞后。CMV-CNA株系在番茄幼苗中以基因组RNA、CP以及病症显示先后次序出现高峰期,显示病毒基因组RNA及其CP在植物组织内负荷量的变化与植株症状表现并不同步。其动态变化规律将为研究CMV侵染机制,病毒与寄主互作及防病控病提供量化依据。 相似文献
4.
Keiji Takami Hiroyuki Okubo Shuichi Yamasaki Minoru Takeshita Yoichi Takanami 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(6):391-392
Momordica charantia L. plants systemically infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were found in Oita Prefecture. The virus isolated from the host plant was characterized by biological, serological,
and molecular biological methods. The purified virus was used to mechanically inoculate the host and produced green mottle,
green mosaic, and/or chlorotic spots in the noninoculated upper leaves of the host. The virus was identified as an isolate
of CMV containing genomic RNA3 derived from subgroup IA by several lines of evidence based on electron microscopy, serological
detection, host range, symptoms, and the entire nucleotide sequence of RNA3. 相似文献
5.
转CP基因线辣椒对CMV和CMV-RNA的抗病性比较 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本试验以转化CMV-CP和TMV-CP基因线辣椒纯合系作试材,比较了接种CMV粒体和CMV-RNA后的发病特点和叶片中的病毒含量。结果表明:转化线辣椒不仅能抵抗CMV粒体的侵染,而且还能抵抗CMV-RNA的侵染。不论接种CMV粒体或CMV-RNA,CP(+)线辣椒的系统症状都延迟出现,显症株率和病害严重度级别大幅度降低,病毒增殖和运转受到抑制,接种叶片与新生叶片中的病毒含量明显减低。这一结果证实CMV-RNA不能克服线辣椒由CP基因介导的抗病性。 相似文献
6.
Bo-Song Ryang Tadashi Matsumoto Takashi Kobori Yoshitaka Kosaka Satoshi T. Ohki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(4):308-313
Cucumber cotyledons inoculated with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, Pepo strain) or Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV, Z5-1 isolate) developed either mild chlorotic spots or no symptoms. Cotyledons treated with CMV plus ZYMV also developed mild chlorotic spots. However, plants ZYMV-inoculated cotyledons had veinal yellowing and gradual cell death by 20 days postinoculation (dpi) when co-inoculated with CMV on the other cotyledon. When analyzing this synergism, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that CMV gradually increased in CMV-inoculated cotyledons of plants, with the other cotyledon mock- or ZYMV-inoculated. However, CMV significantly increased at 9 to 14 dpi in the ZYMV-inoculated cotyledons of plants co-infected with CMV. ZYMV similarly increased in cotyledon pairs of both co-infected and singly infected plants. Inoculation with PepoΔ2b, a modified Pepo-CMV that lacks translation of the 2b protein, revealed that PepoΔ2b without the 2b protein systemically infected cucumber but induced no symptoms on cotyledons or true leaves. Plants with a ZYMV-inoculated cotyledon and co-infected with PepoΔ2b did not undergo cell death; nevertheless, PepoΔ2b was at high levels comparable to levels of CMV in the ZYMV-inoculated cotyledon. The 2b protein thus seems essential for induction of the novel gradual cell death in ZYMV-inoculated cotyledons of cucumbers co-infected with CMV. 相似文献
7.
Ramesh R. Chavan Michael N. Pearson Dan Cohen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,124(2):247-259
Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa plants from China, showing a range of symptoms, including vein clearing, interveinal mottling, mosaics and chlorotic ring
spots, were found to contain ~300 nm rod-shaped virus particles. The virus was mechanically transmitted to several herbaceous
indicators causing systemic infections in Nicotiana benthamiana, N. clevelandii, and N. occidentalis, and local lesions in Chenopodium quinoa. Systemically- infected leaves reacted with a Tobacco mosaic virus polyclonal antibody in indirect ELISA. PCR using generic and specific Tobamovirus primers produced a 1,526 bp sequence spanning the coat protein (CP), movement protein (MP), and partial RNA replicase genes
which showed a maximum nucleotide identity (88%) with Turnip vein clearing virus and Penstemon ringspot virus. However, when the CP sequence alone was considered the highest CP sequence identity (96% nt and 98% aa) was to Ribgrass mosaic virus strain Kons 1105. The morphological, transmission, serological and molecular properties indicate that the virus is a member
of subgroup 3 of the genus Tobamovirus. 相似文献
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苹果褪绿叶斑病毒生物学及生化特性研究 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
对从苹果和扁桃上获得2个苹果褪绿叶斑病毒的分离物ACLSV-C和ACLSV-B的主要生物学和生化特性进行了比较。人工接种5科19种草本植物,发现两者均能侵染苋色藜(Chenopodium amaranticolor)、昆诺藜(Ch.quinoa)和西方烟(Nicotiana occidentalis),产生局部侵染斑和系统褪绿斑。但症状反应存在差异,后者在这3种植物上引起叶片反卷等较强症状反应,还可潜伏侵染笋瓜(Cucurbita maxima cv.Buttercup Burgess)。经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果显示,ACLSV-B衣壳蛋白的迁移率较ACLSV-C快。两者的RNA分子量及双链RNA数量无明显差异。根据已报道的核苷酸系列设计合成引物,采用PCR法检测ACLSV分离物,均获得特异性扩增产物。 相似文献
10.
Hideki TAKAHASHI Mitsuhiro SUGIYAMA SUKAMTO Akira KARASAWA Shuu HASE Yoshio EHARA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(4):335-344
A variant of Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV(Y/GM2), was isolated from a tobacco plant with mild green mosaic symptoms that was regenerated in vitro from a yellow strain of CMV [CMV(Y)]-infected tobacco leaves by tissue culture. CMV(Y/GM2) has two amino acid substitutions
at 36 and 111 positions in the coat protein encoded on RNA3. CMV, assembled by mixing in vitro transcribed CMV(Y) RNA1 and RNA2 plus infectious RNA3 transcribed in vitro from cDNA to RNA3 of CMV(Y/GM2), was prepared and designated as CMV(Y/GM2)tr. When tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc) plants were inoculated with CMV(Y/GM2)tr, large necrotic local lesions in which the virus was localized, developed
on the inoculated leaves. This host response unique to CMV(Y/GM2)tr was similar to the hypersensitive response (HR), which
is a common resistance response to avirulent pathogens and was observed in five cultivars of Nicotiana tabacum and eight Nicotiana species. The revertant virus, however, accumulated to quite different levels in the various hosts. CMV(Y/GM2)tr induced pathogenesis-related
1 (PR-1) protein accumulation and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) which were generally observed in the HR. However, when
tobaccos were inoculated with CMV(S36P)tr and CMV(V111I)tr, which have an amino acid substitution at either the 36 or 111
position in the coat protein of CMV(Y), respectively, CMV(S36P)tr was restricted to the primary infection site without necrotic
local lesion formation and PR-1 protein and SAR induction. CMV(V111I)tr, however, systemically spread and induced mild green
mosaic symptoms, while the host had the HR to CMV(Y/GM2)tr. The localization of CMV(Y/GM2)tr at the primary infection site
may not only be caused by the HR, but also by the restriction of virus systemic movement resulting from the amino acid substitution
at position 36 in the coat protein of CMV(Y).
Received 15 December 1999/ Accepted in revised form 18 April 2000 相似文献
11.
Y. B. Zhang Y. J. Wang Z. K. Xie R. Y. Wang G. Yang Z. H. Guo Y. Qiu 《Plant pathology》2019,68(2):261-268
Two viruses that frequently occur in many Lilium species are Lily mottle virus (LMoV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), which usually co-infect lilies causing severe disease symptoms. Recent reports have revealed that the viral coat protein (CP) affects chloroplast ultrastructure and symptom development. This study used western blot analysis to confirm that in leaves infected by mixed virus infections of LMoV and CMV, CPs of both viruses were accumulated in lily chloroplasts. Immunogold labelling further demonstrated that both the LMoV CP and CMV CP were localized in the stroma and the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. In addition, it was found that CPs of both viruses were rapidly transported into isolated, intact chloroplasts (in vitro), and their transport efficiencies were positively related to CP concentrations. The lowest transmembrane concentration of CMV CP decreased from 38 μg mL−1 recorded in the single CMV CP import system to 10 μg mL−1 in the mixed import system of LMoV CP and CMV CP. CPs of both viruses exhibited species selection in their transmembrane transport into chloroplasts. This is the first report that the CPs from two viruses (LMoV and CMV) are simultaneously present in lily chloroplasts. Accumulation of high levels of LMoV CP and CMV CP inside the chloroplast appears to contribute to a synergistic interaction inducing the development of mosaic symptoms. 相似文献
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You-Xiu Zheng Ching-Chung Chen Yuh-Kun Chen Fuh-Jyh Jan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,121(1):87-95
A putative virus-induced disease showing chlorotic spots on leaves of Phalaenopsis orchids was observed in central Taiwan. A virus culture, phalaenopsis isolate 7-2, was isolated from a diseased Phalaenopsis orchid and established in Chenopodium quinoa and Nicotiana benthamiana. The virus reacted with the monoclonal antibody (POTY) against the potyvirus group. Potyvirus-like long flexuous filament
particles around 12–15 × 750–800 nm were observed in the crude sap and purified virus preparations, and pinwheel inclusion
bodies were observed in the infected cells. The conserved region of the viral RNA was amplified using the degenerate primers
for the potyviruses and sequence analysis of the virus isolate 7-2 showed 56.6–63.1% nucleotide and 44.8–65.1% amino acid
identities with those of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Beet mosaic virus (BtMV), Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). The coat protein (CP) gene of isolate 7-2 was amplified, sequenced and found to have 280 amino acids. A homology
search in GenBank indicated that the virus is a potyvirus but no highly homologous sequence was found. The virus was designated
as Phalaenopsis chlorotic spot virus (PhCSV) in early 2006. Subsequently, a potyvirus, named Basella rugose mosaic virus isolated
from malabar spinach was reported in December 2006. It was found to share 96.8% amino acid identity with the CP of PhCSV.
Back-inoculation with the isolated virus was conducted to confirm that PhCSV is the causal agent of chlorotic spot disease
of Phalaenopsis orchids in Taiwan. This is the first report of a potyvirus causing a disease on Phalaenopsis orchids. 相似文献
13.
Karl-Heinz Hellwald Dagmar Glenewinkel Sonja Hauber Sonja Wittlinger 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(7):713-721
Replicase-mediated tobacco plants are highly resistant to the Fny strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and closely related subgroup IA strains. Two of these subgroup IA strains, Fny- and M-CMV, were co-inoculated with different resistance breaking cucumoviruses to nontransformed and transformed tobacco plants. RT-PCR analyses of single CMV RNAs were performed to study potential complementation of the subgroup IA strains by the resistance breaking cucumoviruses. After co-inoculation of M-CMV with PII-CMV, RNAs 1, 2 and 3 from M-CMV were detected in systemically infected leaves of control plants, whereas in noninoculated parts of replicase-mediated resistant plants only M-CMV RNAs 1 and 3 were found. Western blot studies confirmed the expression of M-CMV coat protein after co-inoculation with PII-CMV in leaves of transgenic plants. These plants also exhibited M-CMV typical yellow spots. M-CMV/TAV co-inoculated transgenic plants contained only M-CMV RNA 3, but no M-CMV RNAs 1 and 2. No M-CMV typical yellow spots were observed in these plants. Our data suggest different types of complementation of M-CMV in replicase-mediated resistant plants by PII-CMV and TAV in trans potentially leading to new RNA combinations in transformed plants compared to nontransformed plants. 相似文献
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Effect of temperature on RNA silencing of a negative‐stranded RNA plant virus: Citrus psorosis virus
K. Velázquez A. Renovell M. Comellas P. Serra M. L. García J. A. Pina L. Navarro P. Moreno J. Guerri 《Plant pathology》2010,59(5):982-990
Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), genus Ophiovirus, causes a bark scaling disease of citrus. CPsV virions are kinked filaments with three negative‐stranded RNA molecules (vRNA) and a 48 kDa coat protein. The effect of temperature on symptom expression, virus accumulation and RNA silencing was examined in sweet orange seedlings (Citrus sinensis) graft‐inoculated with three different CPsV isolates and grown in a glasshouse at 26/18°C or 32/26°C (day/night). Most plants kept in the cooler glasshouse showed a shock reaction in the first flush with shoot necrosis, and then moderate to intense chlorotic flecking and spotting in young leaves, whereas plants incubated at 32/26°C did not exhibit shoot necrosis, and young leaf symptoms were milder. Virus titre estimated by ELISA and by northern and dot blot hybridization paralleled symptom intensity, with significantly higher virus accumulation in plants incubated at 26/18°C. The amount of CPsV‐derived small RNAs (CPsV‐sRNAs) slightly increased at 32/26°C, with the ratio of CPsV‐sRNA/vRNA being higher at 32/26°C than at 26/18°C. These results suggest that (i) CPsV infection induces RNA silencing in citrus plants, (ii) symptom intensity is associated with virus accumulation, and (iii) temperature increase enhances the RNA silencing response of citrus plants and decreases virus accumulation. 相似文献
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Chikara MASUTA Yuko SESHIMO Motomi MUKOHARA Hye Jin JUNG Shigenori UEDA Ki Hyun RYU Jang Kyung CHOI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(2):163-168
We analyzed the evolutionary histories of two lily strains of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolated in Japan and Korea (HL- and Ly2-CMVs). They share common biological characteristics in that their host ranges
are very restricted perhaps from a unique adaptation to lily plants. Although HL and Ly2 were isolated independently from
different lily species in separate countries, their RNA3 sequences had a very high sequence similarity (97%). The evolutionary
relationships between the two isolates were characterized by comparing their phylogenetic trees for the 3a and CP genes. The
two lily CMVs always formed a distinct cluster within subgroup IB in 3a, but within IA in CP. Together, the phylogenetic tree
topology and the sequence identity between the two lily CMVs suggest that they evolved from a common progenitor.
Received 5 November 2001/ Accepted in revised form 11 January 2002 相似文献
17.
Symptomatic and asymptomatic plantain and banana (Musa spp.) leaf samples were collected in 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2004 to determine the frequency of infection by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in 11 major plantain- and banana-growing states of southern Nigeria in which virus symptoms had been reported. Of 996 Musa plants sampled, 641 (66.4%) were infected with CMV, as determined by dot blot immunoassay and ELISA. CMV occurred in 64 out of 84 villages and in all the states sampled. Incidences of CMV in the leaf samples were variable in survey years, ranging between 16.7 and 100%. Major virus-induced symptoms were interveinal chlorosis and chlorotic streaks, observed in 29.3 and 26.7% of the total number of surveyed Musa plants. Low incidences of general leaf chlorosis, leaf crinkling/puckering, vein thickening and chlorotic flecking between 1.4 and 10.5% were also observed. Multiple viral infections in the total number of surveyed Musa plants accounted for 5.4% while 7.9% were asymptomatic. CMV induced some of the viral infections on Musa plants in southern Nigeria. 相似文献
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D. Pratap S. K. Raj S. Kumar S. K. Snehi K. K. Gautam A. K. Sharma 《Phytoparasitica》2012,40(4):375-382
Transgenic tomato plants containing the coat protein (CP) gene of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) of subgroup IB were developed through Agrobacterium-mediated transformations. The progenies of transgenic plants showed the presence of transgene, its expression and translation of 26 KDa CP. The T1 and T2 generation plants were evaluated for resistance against challenge inoculations by a homologous strain of CMV. Visual observations of challenged transgenic plants categorized them into resistant, tolerant and susceptible as compared with untransformed control plants. Out of 33 plants of the T1 generation, 36.3% showed resistance and remained symptomless throughout their life, 48.4% showed tolerance which developed delayed symptoms of mild mosaic, and 15.1% showed susceptibility to CMV which developed severe systemic mosaic and leaf distortion symptoms after 30?days of virus challenge. Out of 120 plants of the T2 generation, 60% showed resistance, 26.6% were tolerant and only 13.3% were found susceptible to challenge inoculations of CMV. Resistant transgenic plants also showed less CP accumulation in systemic upper leaves as compared with challenged untransformed plants. In this study, CP of a CMV subgroup IB strain has demonstrated a significant level of resistance in transgenic tomato plants against the CMV strain. The strategy may be applied for better quality and productivity of tomato crops. 相似文献
20.
《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2000,56(2):85-90
Two mutants of Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV(Y/GM1) and CMV(Y/GM2), which induced mild green mosaic symptoms in tobacco, were isolated from plants regenerated from tobacco leaves with yellow mosaic symptoms originally infected with the yellow strain of CMV [CMV(Y)]. Although the appearance of mild green mosaic symptoms in tobacco infected with CMV(Y/GM2) was unstable, CMV(Y/GM3) derived from CMV(Y/GM2) reproducibly induced mild green mosaic symptoms in tobacco similar to CMV(Y/GM1). A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the coat proteins of CMV(Y), CMV(Y/GM1) and CMV(Y/GM3), showed single amino acid substitutions from Thr to Ile at position 124 in the CMV(Y/GM1) coat protein and from Val to Ile at position 111 in the CMV(Y/GM3) coat protein. When the amino acid at the 124 or 111 position in the CMV(Y) coat protein was changed to Ile at the cDNA level, CMV RNA3 transcribed in vitro from each cDNA induced mild green mosaic symptoms in tobacco after inoculation with in vitro transcribed CMV(Y) RNA1 and RNA2. The results indicated that amino acids at positions 111 and 124 in the coat protein were responsible for the phenotypic changes caused by the two CMV isolates. 相似文献