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夏棉高产优质栽培措施优化决策及生育模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选用播期（x1）、密度（x２）、追纯氮（x3）打顶留果枝数（x4）、去蕾果枝数（x5）五因素五水平二次正交旋转回归设计，对夏棉农艺组合措施、群体动态、成铃分布及产量结构进行研究，通过对建立起皮棉产量、霜前花两个目标性状的回归模型进行分析，结果表明，筛选出兼顾高产、优质的综合农艺措施决策方案是合理的。同时研究了夏棉高产优质的群体生育动态，找出了看苗促控的管理指标及成铃分布状况和产量构成因素相互影响彼此消长的互变关系, 进而模拟出不同产量水平的产量结构，明确了夺取夏棉高产优质的主攻方向，实现夏棉高产优质。达到667m2产皮棉60 kg，霜前籽棉200kg以上的综合农艺措施决策方案为5月20~23日播种，密度7.3~7.5千株，追纯氮11.04~12.0 kg，打顶留果枝数8.4~8.7个，去下部1个果枝的早蕾。 相似文献
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旱地谷子高产栽培措施模型研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
1987～1988年在山西省屯留试点进行试验,采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计,对影响谷子产量形成的密度、播期、氮、磷和农家肥五项关键农艺措施进行了定量化的综合研究,初步确定了最佳农艺措施组合方案,并利用产量反应模型研究了各项措施对产量形成的单独反应以及各项农艺措施间的互作效应.优化方案经1988和1989年的示范对比和小面积推广,证明是切实可行的. 相似文献
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采用回归正交旋转组合设计原理,对玉米新品种兴农5号在不同密度、不同施肥水平下的产量表现进行研究,从而选择出田间密度和施肥水平的最佳组合,并制定出农艺措施组合方案,为该品种在推广中的配套栽培技术方案提供依据。 相似文献
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Research and Application on Combination of Comprehensive Agronomic Measures in High-yielding Cotton Cultivation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用5因素5水平正交施转回归设计，对陕西水地棉花高产栽培技术中的密度、肥料、缩节胺等5项主要农艺措施进行了深入研究。结果表明：各因素作用大小依次为密度＞缩节胺＞尿素＞硫酸钾＞二铵。研究了各项农艺措施间的交互作用对产量的效应，获得了≥1875kg/hm2最佳农艺措施组合方案，通过反馈示范，提高了棉花产量。 相似文献
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采用5因素5水平正交施转回归设计，对陕西水地棉花高产栽培技术中的密度、肥料、缩节胺等5项主要农艺措施进行了深入研究。结果表明：各因素作用大小依次为密度＞缩节胺＞尿素＞硫酸钾＞二铵。研究了各项农艺措施间的交互作用对产量的效应，获得了≥1875kg/hm2最佳农艺措施组合方案，通过反馈示范，提高了棉花产量。 相似文献
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密度施肥量与大豆产量的关系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本试验采用二次饱和Ｄ最优设计，建立了密度、氮、磷、钾肥四因素的综合效应产量模型，通过计算机模拟，筛选出不同产量区段的农艺措施组合方案及最高产量方案；并通过效益分析评价出了最佳农艺措施组合方案，为德州地区的大豆高产栽培提供理论依据。 相似文献
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油菜产量的高低是受多因素综合作用的结果。为使蜀杂1号油菜产量有一个新的突破。用系统工程原理,采用正交旋转回归组合设计,对目前我县大面积示范的早中熟优质油菜蜀杂1号进行高产栽培综合农艺措施数学模型的研究,分析本试验栽培措施对其产量的影响,寻求措施的优化参数,以获得最佳农艺措施组合方案,为该品种的规范化高产栽培提供依据。 相似文献
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G. Wang M. Gutierrez R. K. Asiimwe M. Zarnstorff 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2011,197(2):155-163
Cotton response to fruiting branch removal (FBR) is critical information in estimating plant recovery potential and making management decisions after hail storms or other physical damages. Fruiting branches were removed at first bloom (R8), 2.5‐cm boll (R12) and peak bloom (R16) growth stages. Five FBR treatments were conducted at each of the above three growth stages: 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %. At harvest, five plants were randomly chosen from each plot and branches separated into three groups: vegetative, lower and upper fruiting branches. Lower fruiting branches were from the nodes where FBR treatments were conducted, whereas upper fruiting branches were the new branches developed after FBR. Seed cotton weight, open boll number and node number in each group were recorded. Fruiting branch removal increased boll number, boll size and boll/node on the upper fruiting branches, which compensated yield loss on lower fruiting branches. Generally, FBR at the first bloom reduced cotton yield more than it did at the 2.5‐cm boll and peak bloom growth stages when FBR percentage was lower than 75 %. The removal of all 16 fruiting branches at peak bloom reduced cotton yield by 16.8 %, indicating remarkable compensation ability by cotton plants in climates with a long growing season. 相似文献
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Analysis of the Main Decision Characters of Cotton Yield in Heilonggang Cotton Region of the Yellow River Basin 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Qi Haikun Zuo Yanli Zhang Boqian Du Mingwei Tian Xiaoli Xu Dongyong Lu Huaiyu Li Zhaohu 《棉花学报》2021,32(6):483-490
[Objective] In order to improve the efficiency of variety selection and reduce the cost of experiment, it was necessary to select the multi-objective characters comprehensively and make clear the effect of each objective character on the yield of seed cotton. [Method] Through the statistical analysis of 8 years, 607 breeding materials (339 conventional varieties and 268 hybrids) of Guoxin Rural Technical Service Association in Hejian City, Hebei Province, the effects of plant type, yield, maturity and fiber quality on the yield of seed cotton were comprehensively evaluated. [Result] Correlation analysis, regression analysis and general analysis showed that boll weight, lint percentage, first fruiting branches node, percentage of seed-cotton before frost and growth period had significant effects on seed cotton yield in the Heilonggang Cotton Region of the Yellow River Basin. The correlation coefficient between percentage of seed-cotton before frost and seed cotton yield were the highest (r＝0.320 97), and the boll weight decision coefficient was the largest (R2＝0.30), which were the main traits affecting the seed cotton yield. Plant height had the largest direct effect on seed cotton yield, but the total effect was the smallest after indirect effects of other variables (r2y＝－0.04). Both regression and general analysis showed that neither fiber length (upper half mean length) nor micronaire had significant effects on seed cotton yield. [Conclusion] During the breeding of new cotton lines in the Heilonggang Cotton Region of the Yellow River Basin, boll weight and lint percentage can be used as important agronomic characters for breeders to improve. Shortening the growth period and increasing the percentage of seed-cotton before frost can increase yield. Plant height and first fruiting branches node affect seed cotton yield through interaction with other traits. Neither the fiber length nor the micronaire value have a significant effect on the seed cotton yield, which can be increased simultaneously with the yield during the breeding process. 相似文献
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干旱胁迫对彩色棉花农艺、品质性状及水分利用效率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索干旱胁迫对彩色棉花主要性状的影响及其水分利用机理,选用7个不同色彩的棉花品种(系),在常规灌溉、胁迫灌溉和生育期不灌溉3种环境条件下,调查其农艺性状、品质性状、水分利用效率(WUE)及产量。结果表明,干旱胁迫下不同色彩棉花品种的单株成铃数、单铃重、株高、花铃期叶片数、有效果枝数、收获指数、果节数、籽指、茎粗和果茎节间长度减少,衣分增加;灌水量减少一半,参试棉花品种的产量均降低,不灌溉处理的籽棉产量与常规灌溉间差异显著(P<0.05);籽棉产量的降低幅度品种间存在较大差异(P<0.05),棕色棉的减产幅度高于绿色棉。常规灌溉处理下,白色棉花水分利用效率高于棕色棉花和绿色棉花,而后二者差异不显著;干旱胁迫下,棕色棉花的水分利用效率高于绿色棉花。与水分利用效率相关的主要农艺性状、品质指标是：叶片数、单株成铃数、有效果枝数、果节数、株高、收获指数、单铃重、主茎节间长度、茎粗、籽指、衣分。 相似文献
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不同温度下外施6-BA和ABA对棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)产量和纤维品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以棉纤维比强度高的科棉1号、比强度中等的美棉33B 2个品种为材料,于2006-2007年在江苏南京设置大田分期播种试验,使棉铃发育处于不同温度条件,于棉株7～9果枝第1、2果节棉铃开花时喷施6-苄基腺嘌呤(6BA)和脱落酸(ABA),研究不同的铃期日均最低气温条件下6-BA和ABA对棉花产量和纤维品质的影响。结果表明:由晚播造成的低温降低了棉花产量及纤维品质。外施6-BA、ABA对棉株中部果枝铃铃重和纤维品质影响最大。正常播期下,外施6-BA可增加中部果枝棉铃铃重,外施ABA降低铃重,但二者对其纤维品质影响较小;迟播时,外施6-BA可提高中部果枝棉铃铃重,ABA处理的作用则相反,二者均可提高纤维长度和比强度、优化麦克隆值。不同的温度条件下,外施6-BA均提高了单株铃数、单株平均铃重和皮棉产量,外施ABA则降低了棉花单株铃数和产量。外施6-BA和ABA对高强纤维品种产量和纤维品质的影响较中强纤维品种更为明显。低温下,在棉铃发育初期喷施6-BA对改善棉纤维品质的效果最好。 相似文献
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Yongshan Zhang Shuxun Yu Xiangmo Guo Zhiwei Wang Qinglian Wang Li Chu 《Euphytica》2008,159(1-2):93-102
When alien DNA inserts into the cotton genome in a multicopy manner, several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in the cotton
genome are disrupted; these are called dQTL in this study. A transgenic mutant line is near-isogenic to its recipient, which
is divergent for the dQTL from the remaining QTLs. Therefore, a set of data from a transgenic QTL line mutated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (30074), its recipient and their F1 hybrids, and three elite lines were analyzed under a modified
additive-dominance model with genotype × environment interactions in three different environments to separate the genetic
effects due to dQTL from whole-genome effects. Our result showed that dQTL had significant additive effects on lint percentage,
boll weight, and boll number per square meter, while it had little genetic association with fiber traits, seed cotton yield,
and lint yield. The dQTL in 30074 significantly increased lint percentage and boll number, while significantly decreasing
boll weight, having little effect on fibre traits, while those from the recipient and three elite lines showed significant
genetic effects on lint percentage. In addition, the remaining QTL other than dQTL had significant additive effects on seed
cotton yield, fruiting branch number, uniformity index, micronaire, and short fibre index, and significant dominance effects
on seed cotton yield, lint yield, and boll number per square meter. The additive and dominance effects under homozygous and
heterozygous conditions for each line are also predicted in this study. 相似文献
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甘肃彩色棉花抗旱性农艺性状指标的筛选鉴定 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
以抗旱性不同的白棉、棕棉和绿棉品种(品系)为试验材料, 通过水分亏缺控制试验, 采用主成分分析和逐步回归分析方法, 调查其主要农艺性状指标与抗旱性的关系。结果表明, 干旱胁迫下, 各彩色棉花的籽棉产量、株高、叶片数、单株成铃数、有效果枝数、果节数、收获指数、茎粗、籽指和上半部分纤维长度均相应的降低; 抗旱指数与株高、果节数、单株成铃数、花铃期叶片数、有效果枝数、籽指、单铃重、收获指数、茎粗呈极显著正相关; 单株成铃数、单铃重和花铃期叶片数可作为不同色彩棉花简单、直观的抗旱性鉴定指标, 有效果枝数、株高、果节数、收获指数和籽指也可作为彩色棉花抗旱评价指标。 相似文献
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短季棉早熟性状及产量构成因素的遗传分析和选择策略 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对9个早熟及产量性状的有关遗传参数进行了相关分析和通径分析,结果表明,高强度选择可使目前推广品种(系)的丰产性和早熟性得到进一步改善;育种选择策略应从提高株铃数和衣分入手,选择第一果枝节位低、开花早、脱落少和铃不太大的类型,其中早代果枝节位严选,开花期、结铃率和衣分大群体选择,株铃数连续选择,就可实现培育出高产、早熟品种(系)最终目标. 相似文献
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摘要:【目的】为了解新疆棉花铃柄长与主要农艺性状、产量性状以及纤维品质之间的关联关系,【方法】通过两年比较试验,跟踪调查了棉花主栽品种（系）的主要农艺性状、产量性状以及纤维品质,总结了两年的主要气候数据,并将这些与铃柄长做了比较分析,【结果与结论】结果表明：棉花各品种的铃柄长与棉花主要生长阶段6-8月的最高平均气温呈负相关的关系;与平均最低气温和平均日照时数呈正相关;与有效果枝、单株铃、果枝始节和始节高度成正相关,与株高、无效果枝成负相关;与衣分、果枝数和折合亩产均呈正相关的关系,与单铃重呈负相关;与纤维的上半部平均长度、马克隆值呈正相关,与整齐度指数大致呈正相关,50%参试棉花品种（系）的铃柄长与纤维断裂比强度呈正相关的关系,剩余50%呈负相关的关系。 相似文献