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1.
The objective of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria(LAB) strains from different origins and to select the best strains for ensiling Robinia pseudoacacia(RB) and Morus alba L.(MB)leaves. The LAB strains were inoculated into the extracted liquid obtained from RB and MB leaves to evaluate the fermentation products. 11 LAB strains were selected for further experiments based on the highest products of lactic or acetic acid, including 1 strain of Weissella confusa, 2 of Lactobacillus reuteri and 8 of Lactobacillus plantarum.The API 50 CH fermentation experiment indicated that all of the selected 11 LAB strains utilised most of the carbohydrates. All the strains grew at temperatures between 10 and 45°C and at a p H of 3.5 to 4.5; however, L. reuteri F7 and F8 tolerated a p H as low as 3.0. All 11 LAB strains showed antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogens, Escherichia coil, Salmonella sp. and Acetobacter pasteurianus; however, after excluding the effect of organic acids, only F7 and F8 still exhibited antibacterial activity. The present study indicated that the selected 11 LAB strains could be used to prepare silages of RB and MB leaves, especially L. reuteri F7 and F8.  相似文献   

2.
枯草芽孢杆菌B47高产拮抗物质菌株的紫外诱变选育(英文)   总被引：21，自引：1，他引：20  
[Objective] The aim of this study was to breed new strains which have higher inhibitory effects on the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt.[Method] The endophytic Bacillus subtilis B47 strain was obtained from tomato stems by UV mutagenesis for two consecutive times,then genetic stability as well as physiological and biochemical properties of mutant strains were studied.[Result] The antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains F303,F304 and F305 was higher than that of B74 strain.After subculture of 10 successive generations,the antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains for the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt decreased,but the antibacterial activity of F305 strain decreased the least,indicating its best genetic stability among the tested strains.The antibacterial circle diameter of F305 strain was 5 mm larger than that of wild strain B47 under the same condition.The mutant strain F305 was in logarithmic growth phase within 36 h and in stationary phase within 36-96 h,while its optimum growth temperature was 35 ℃.F305 strain could grow in sodium salt with the concentration of 1%-10%,but it grew best at the concentration of 1%.Physiological and biochemical responses of F305 strain were in accordance with those of wild strain B47.[Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for the factorial production of antagonistic substance by B47 strain and new methods of preventing from the pathogens watermelon fusarium wilt.  相似文献   

3.
[Objective] The aim of this study was to breed new strains which have higher inhibitory effects on the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt.[Method] The endophytic Bacillus subtilis B47 strain was obtained from tomato stems by UV mutagenesis for two consecutive times,then genetic stability as well as physiological and biochemical properties of mutant strains were studied.[Result] The antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains F303,F304 and F305 was higher than that of B74 strain.After subculture of 10 successive generations,the antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains for the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt decreased,but the antibacterial activity of F305 strain decreased the least,indicating its best genetic stability among the tested strains.The antibacterial circle diameter of F305 strain was 5 mm larger than that of wild strain B47 under the same condition.The mutant strain F305 was in logarithmic growth phase within 36 h and in stationary phase within 36-96 h,while its optimum growth temperature was 35 ℃.F305 strain could grow in sodium salt with the concentration of 1%-10%,but it grew best at the concentration of 1%.Physiological and biochemical responses of F305 strain were in accordance with those of wild strain B47.[Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for the factorial production of antagonistic substance by B47 strain and new methods of preventing from the pathogens watermelon fusarium wilt.  相似文献   

4.
[Objective] The aim of this study was to breed new strains which have higher inhibitory effects on the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt.[Method] The endophytic Bacillus subtilis B47 strain was obtained from tomato stems by UV mutagenesis for two consecutive times,then genetic stability as well as physiological and biochemical properties of mutant strains were studied.[Result] The antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains F303,F304 and F305 was higher than that of B74 strain.After subculture of 10 successive generations,the antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains for the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt decreased,but the antibacterial activity of F305 strain decreased the least,indicating its best genetic stability among the tested strains.The antibacterial circle diameter of F305 strain was 5 mm larger than that of wild strain B47 under the same condition.The mutant strain F305 was in logarithmic growth phase within 36 h and in stationary phase within 36-96 h,while its optimum growth temperature was 35 ℃.F305 strain could grow in sodium salt with the concentration of 1%-10%,but it grew best at the concentration of 1%.Physiological and biochemical responses of F305 strain were in accordance with those of wild strain B47.[Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for the factorial production of antagonistic substance by B47 strain and new methods of preventing from the pathogens watermelon fusarium wilt.  相似文献   

5.
[Objective] The preventive and therapeutic effects of Folium perillae extract(FPE)on hyperlipemia induced by feeding rabbit with high fat forage were observed.[Method] The high fat and cholesterol diet were adopted to create the hyperlipemia model of rabbit.The rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups which were NC(normal control)group,HLM(high lipid model)group,LFPE,MFPE and HFPE group(low,middle,high dosage of FPE were 0.17 g/kg,0.5 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg respectively).The contents of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,MDA and the activity of SOD in serum were detected respectively.[Result] The three FPE groups could decrease the contents of TC,TG,LDL-C,MDA significantly(P<0.01)compared with these of HLM group,and the contents of HDL-C(P<0.01))and the activity of SOD(P<0.05)in serum was increased significantly.[Conclusion] FPE could regulate blood-fat and counteract lipid peroxidation.  相似文献   

6.
In this study, the effects of two types of premixed materials with different combinations of trace elements on the production performance and antioxidant capacity of simmental beef cattle were examined.Fifteen healthy simmental beef cattle of similar weight(approximately 330 kg), the same age(12 months), without castration, and a good physique were divided into three groups, with five beef cattle in each group.Food of GroupⅠ beef cattle was supplemented with a commercially marketed 5% compound trace element premixture for fine beef cattle.Food of GroupⅡbeef cattle was supplemented with a 5% compound microelement premixture for beef cattle that was designed to address local nutrient deficiencies and surpluses.In the blank control group, the beef cattle were not fed a premixture.The pretest period was 15 days, and the test period was divided into prefattening(45 days) and postfattening(45 days) stages.Body weight and body size indices were recorded at 1, 2 and 3 months, and blood samples were collected regularly.In GroupⅠ, the daily weight gain increased significantly by 15.7% compared with that of the control group.The largest daily weight gain was in Group Ⅱ, which increased by 31.6% compared with that in the control.During the test period of 90 days, the body size indices of the three different groups increased in different months, with significant increases in the indices for both test groups compared with those of the control.In GroupⅠ, the activity of CP, the total activity of SOD and Cu-Zn-SOD increased significantly(p0.05) compared with those in the control group, with a highly significant increase observed in GSH-PX activity(p0.01).In GroupⅡ, the increases in the activity of CP and the total activity of SOD and Cu-Zn-SOD were highly significant compared with those in the control group(p0.01).In addition, a significant increase was observed in GSH-PX activity(p0.05).Based on pretest results, the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mo, Mn, Se and Co in the blood of experimental beef cattle were lower than those of the normal range.After feeding for 90 days, the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mo, Mn, Se and Co in the blood of GroupsⅠ andⅡ were significantly higher than those in the control group(p0.05).The concentrations of elements in the blood of Group II were close to the appropriate levels.Thus, the effects of the specifically designed compound microelement premixture on the prevention of nutrient imbalances and control of beef cattle nutrition metabolism and the production of fattened beef cattle were significant.  相似文献   

7.
To investigate the effects of aluminum(Al) exposure on renal structure of rats, 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups and were orally exposed to 0(control group, GC), 64.18(low-dose group, GL), 128.36(middle-dose group, GM), and 256.72(high-dose group, GH) mg · kg-1 BW Al Cl3 in drinking water for 120 days. The body weight of different rats was recorded, the kidney pathologic structure and the ultrastructure were observed. The results showed that the body weight of different rats was markedly lower in Al-treated rats than those in GC(P0.05; P0.01). After masson staining, the collagen was deposited in the renal interstitium and aggravated with Al dose increases in Al-treated rats. Under electron microscope, the infolding of the plasma membrane was slight swollen, the mitochondrion was abundant with different sizes, the mitochondrion cristae was fused, the microvillus was swollen and fused in GH. Our findings indicated that sub-chronic Al exposure slowed the weight of rats and caused the kidney pathologic damage in rats.  相似文献   

8.
In this study, the effect of icariin, a flavonoid from the Chinese traditional medicine epimedium, on miRNA-21 of mouse developmental blastocysts in vitro and the development of preimplantation embryos were studied. The possible effective targets of icariin promoting preimplantation embryo development in vitro and anti-apoptosis were determined. The embryos were cultured in modified CZB medium (mCZB) as control group. The experimental group (Ica group) was supplemented with 0.6μmL-1 icariin. Mouse pronuclear embryos were cultured in vitro until blastocysts. The development rates of preimplantation embryos were observed. The total cell number, apoptotic cell number and the rate of apoptotic cells in blastocysts were analysed by the staining of Hoechst33342 and labeling of TUNEL and detected under a laser confocal scanning microscope. The miRNA-21 expression, the mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic Caspase3, and the target genes of miRNA-21: pro-apoptotic PTEN, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 were detected by real-time RT-PCR. The results showed that percentages of morulaes and blastocysts in Ica group were both extremely higher than control group ((85.14?.57)% vs. (72.04?1.58)%; (82.50?.11)% vs. (66.80?1.70)%, respectively, P<0.01). The total cell number of blastocysts had extreme difference between Ica group and control group ((61.40?.64) vs. (46.23?.50), P<0.01). The apoptotic cell number and rate of apoptotic cells of blastocysts were both reduced in Ica group ((1.47?.51) vs. (2.94?.66); (2.40?.27)% vs. (6.25?.62)%, respectively, P<0.01). Compared to control group, addition of icariin into mCZB extremely increased the expression of anti-apoptotic miRNA-21 (P<0.01), down-regulated pro-apoptotic Caspase3 (P<0.05) and PTEN (P<0.01), up-regulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 (P<0.01). In conclusion, icariin could reduce the apoptosis, promote the embryo development in vitro by enhancing miRNA-21 expression to up-regulated anti-apoptotic genes and down-regulated pro-apoptotic genes. These apoptosis-related genes were regulated by miRNA-21.  相似文献   

9.
High temperature stress (HT) is efficient in breaking endo-dormancy of perennial trees. The effects of HT (50°C) on the respiration of dormant nectarine (Prunus persica var. nectariana cv. Shuguang) vegetative buds were evaluated in the research. We found that bud respiration was transiently inhibited by HT and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the cytochrome C pathway (CYT) were significantly affected. On the substrate level, PPP was activated in the HT-treated buds compared with the control group. However, the activation did mot occur until hours after HT treatment. The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) in both the HT-treated buds and in the control group proceeded at a low level most of the time compared with total respiration. On the electron transfer level, CYT was transiently inhibited by HT but became significantly active in the later stage. CYT operation in the control group exhibited an attenuation process. The alternative pathway (ALT) fluctuated both in the HT-treated samples and in the control. The results suggest that the temporary CYT inhibition and the following PPP activation may be involved in HT-induced bud dormancy release and budburst mechanisms.  相似文献   

10.
不同肥料对椭圆叶花锚生长发育的比较研究(英文)   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  
[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of different treatments on development and growth of Halenia ellipitica D.Don.[Method] Three treatments (urea treatment group, diammonium phosphate treatment group and control group) were set in the experiment with 3 replications to detect plant height,root length, leaf number, branch number, flower number and biomass of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in all experimental groups.[Result] The leaf number,branch number, flower number and output of crude drug of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in urea treatment group were more than that of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in diammonium phosphate treatment group and control group,however,the plant height and root length were not significantly different among all groups.[Conclusion] The urea generated better effect on Halenia ellipitica D.Don. cultivation than that produced by diammonium phosphate treatment.  相似文献   

11.
The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o  相似文献   

12.
不同授粉组合对‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果品质的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
【目的】探讨不同授粉品种对苹果品质和香气物质成分差异的影响,为高效授粉树的选育和苹果品质的提高提供依据。【方法】采用自育高效授粉树‘红菱’‘红锦’‘红雾’的花粉,在‘富士’(Malus domestica‘Fuji’)、‘新红星’(M.domestica‘Starkrimson’)铃铛花期进行授粉,以授‘嘎拉’(M.domestica‘Gala’)花粉的果实为对照,对果实发育期间总类黄酮含量的变化进行研究,并在果实成熟时测定可溶性固形物、花色苷含量等品质指标及香气物质成分。【结果】不同的授粉品种条件下,‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果除可滴定酸外的各项品质指标均高于对照。‘富士’苹果经‘红菱’授粉后,其果形指数、硬度、花色苷、可溶性糖含量显著提高,分别为对照的1.12、1.15、1.28、1.12倍。‘新红星’苹果经‘红雾’授粉后,其单果重、果形指数、花色苷、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量均显著提高,分别为对照的1.22、1.12、2.48、1.10、1.11倍,其可滴定酸含量显著降低,仅为对照的75%。在果实发育的整个生长期内,不同授粉品种处理的‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果总类黄酮含量均高于对照,且不同品种间存在显著差异。在花后160 d,‘富士’经‘红菱’‘红锦’‘红雾’花粉授粉后,果实内总类黄酮含量与对照相比分别增长19.63%、28.72%、13.97%,‘新红星’在花后120 d分别增长14.18%、15.26%、4.24%,差异显著。‘红菱’‘红雾’‘红锦’和对照授粉处理的‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果总酯类挥发性物质的相对含量分别为50.20%、52.03%、42.68%、45.10%和71.08%、68.85%、71.83%、66.03%,‘红菱’授粉后‘富士’‘新红星’果实总酯类挥发性物质含量明显增加,其中2-甲基丁酸乙酯的含量分别为对照的1.14和203.91倍。‘富士’苹果中,‘红菱’‘红雾’‘红锦’授粉处理的果实乙酸-2-甲基丁酯的含量分别为对照的1.73、1.07、1.36倍;其己酸乙酯和乙酸丁酯的含量分别为对照的1.09、1.12、1.29倍和1.50、0.77、1.30倍。而在‘新红星’苹果中,经‘红菱’‘红雾’‘红锦’授粉后,乙酸-2-甲基丁酯和己酸乙酯的含量分别为对照的1.82、1.27、0.93倍和2.57、1.15、0.27倍;乙酸丁酯的含量分别为对照的7.83、3.48、3.30倍。此外,‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果经‘红菱’授粉后,其烃类物质含量明显高于对照,主要表现为法呢烯的增多。【结论】高效授粉树能显著提高‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果的外观和内在品质,并且与对照存在显著差异。不同授粉组合对‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果品质影响差异较大,经‘红菱’授粉,‘富士’和‘新红星’苹果品质有显著提高。  相似文献   

13.
混农林业作为集约型土地利用和经营方式之一,运用于石漠化地区有利于土壤生物多样性的修复.2019年7月,对贵州省毕节市撒拉溪镇龙场村的玫瑰+大豆、玫瑰+苹果+大豆和玫瑰+玉米3种混农林模式样地中的土壤螨类进行了调查,以玫瑰单作为对照,共捕获土壤螨类1524头,隶属3目41科64属,以盖头甲螨属(Tectocepheus)...  相似文献   

14.
不同温度LED光萎凋对铁观音MEP上游关键基因和香气的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
【目的】萜类化合物是乌龙茶挥发性芳香物质的重要组分,2-C-甲基-D-赤藓醇-4-磷酸途径（MEP）上游关键基因直接参与调控萜类化合物前体物质的合成。而乌龙茶香气的形成与萎凋工序密切相关,光照和温度是影响萎凋的重要因子,探讨LED光与温度在乌龙茶萎凋过程中对香气的影响,为提高乌龙茶萎凋叶香气品质提供参考。【方法】基于转录组数据,根据KEGG筛选出响应光照的MEP上游关键基因（DXS、DXR、HDS、HDR）。对一芽三叶铁观音鲜叶进行LED白光和不同温度（20℃（L20）、25℃（L25）、30℃（L30）、35℃（L35）和40℃（L40））萎凋处理,黑暗下温度（20℃（D20）、25℃（D25）、30℃（D30）、35℃（D35）和40℃（D40））萎凋处理;分别测定铁观音萎凋叶的香气组分和MEP上游关键基因的相对表达量。【结果】L30处理萎凋叶各基因表达量达到最大值,萜类基因（DXS、DXR、HDS、HDR）表达量分别为XY组（对照）的4.31、5.28、11.77、1.59倍,为D30处理的2.24、2.39、1.86和1.60倍。D30组各基因表达量为黑暗处理组最大,依次为XY组的1.92、2.21、6.34和0.99倍。L20处理萎凋叶的α-法呢烯芳樟醇氧化物（I、II）含量最高,较XY依次提高了15.05%、4.92%和15.13%;L30处理萎凋叶的橙花叔醇、芳樟醇和香叶醇含量最高,较XY组依次提高了3.71%、6.14%和15.28%;LED组铁观音萎凋叶主要香气组分含量均高于相对应的温度处理组。通过主成分分析法建立数学模型,对萎凋叶香气组分进行评估,得出L20组萎凋叶得分最高,L30组萎凋叶次之;与香气分析得出结果一致。【结论】铁观音萎凋叶基因表达量与香气含量的变化趋势不存在同步性;L30处理萎凋叶基因表达量、主要萜类香气物质含量和主成分分析得分均较高,这与铁观音生产上的萎凋温度相一致。萎凋温度过高（40℃）不利于萎凋叶萜类关键基因的表达和萜类化合物的形成。  相似文献   

15.
俄罗斯干线管道建设及其安全性   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
管道已成为输送石油、天然气和成品油的首选方式,而管道安全运行是管道运营管理的首要条件.介绍了俄罗斯的石油、天然气、成品油和氨干线管道的建设概况,分析了干线管道的事故状况和原因,旨在为我国油气管道在日常运行的安全监测、管理和防护等方面提供可以借鉴的经验.  相似文献   

16.
本文对草鱼的隐鞭虫病、车轮虫病、小瓜虫病、指环虫病、三代虫病及中华鱼蚤病六种寄生虫性鳃病的组织病理变化进行比较研究，寄生虫性鳃病均可引起鳃组织发生炎症反应，粘液分泌亢进，嗜酸粒细胞和淋巴细胞浸润；但又因病原体的种类不同，危害鱼的方式、方法不同，因此病理变化又有很大差别，对鱼危害较大的均为变质性炎，如隐鞭虫病；对鱼危害较小的则属增生性炎，如中华鱼蚤病．  相似文献   

17.
蜘蛛是农林害虫的重要天敌,而迄今新疆的蜘蛛区系资料缺乏。本文记述的7种蜘蛛分属4科,依次为:皿蛛科Linyphiidae的活跃皿蛛Linyphia impigra、兴旺侏儒蛛Meioneta beata和乡间侏儒蛛Meioneta rurestris,球腹蛛科Theridiidae的芦苇罗蛛Robertus arundineti,狼蛛科Lycosidae的顽皮豹蛛Pardosa lasciva,卷叶蛛科Dictynidae的开展婀蛛Argenna patula以及跳蛛科Salticidae的同足斑蛛Euophrys aequipes。  相似文献   

18.
民勤绿洲荒漠交错带三种沙丘类型的自然植被特征   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  
基于对民勤沙井子地区植被调查数据,研究了固定沙丘、半固定沙丘和流动沙丘3种沙丘类型的自然植被特征.结果表明:从固定沙丘、半固定沙丘到流动沙丘,总盖度、灌木盖度下降,草本盖度增加.物种丰富度减小是物种多样性下降的主要原因.从植物的生活型来看,多年生草本和灌木类植物受沙丘类型的影响最大,而一年生草本和半灌木可存活于不同沙丘类型.白刺的生态优势度(重要值)由小到大依次为固定沙丘、半固定沙丘、流动沙丘.植物多样性与白刺的生态优势度呈负相关.不同沙丘类型白刺地上生物量变化明显,半固定沙丘白刺生物量最大.  相似文献   

19.
寄生虫引起的草鱼鳃病的组织病理比较研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
本文对草鱼的隐鞭虫病、车轮虫病、小瓜虫病、指环虫病、三代虫病及中华鱼蚤病六种寄生虫性鳃病的组织病理变化进行比较研究，寄生虫性鳃病均可引起鳃组织发生炎症反应，粘液分泌亢进，嗜酸粒细胞和淋巴细胞浸润；但又因病原体的种类不同，危害鱼的方式、方法不同，因此病理变化又有很大差别，对鱼危害较大的均为变质性炎，如隐鞭虫病；对鱼危害较小的则属增生性炎，如中华鱼蚤病．  相似文献   

20.
葡萄盆栽技术,包括择土选种、露地扦插、田间管理、装盆及整形、肥水管理等内容,对葡萄盆栽爱好者有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

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