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1.
Introduction:  Greater than 50% of dogs with thyroid tumors present with surgically unresectable disease for which external beam radiotherapy has been reported to prolong survival. The success of 131I for control of thyroid tumors in cats and in humans suggests such therapy may also play a role in the management of canine thyroid cancer.
Methods:  Thirty‐nine dogs with WHO stage II/III (invasive or ectopic; n = 32) or IV (metastatic; n = 7) thyroid tumors were treated with 131I alone. Changes in thyroid function, 99MTc‐pertechnetate (99MTc) scintigraphic changes, and tumor response were recorded. Dogs with ventral cervical tumors were evaluated for feasibility of surgical resection following 131I.
Results:  Median overall survival was 839 days and 366 days for dogs with stage II/III and stage IV tumors, respectively. Thyroid hormone status, site and surgical resection were not associated with outcome in dogs with stage II/III tumors. Three dogs developed severe bone marrow suppression.
Conclusions:  These findings suggest 131I should be investigated more thoroughly in dogs with thyroid tumors not considered surgical candidates to more clearly characterize the indications for therapy and followup recommendations. 131I dosimetry in dogs with thyroid tumors remains problematic. Administration of 131I is currently based on empiric recommendations and, in general, the treatment is well tolerated although additional studies are indicated to optimize response and minimize toxicity.  相似文献   

2.
Three cats were diagnosed as hyperthyroid based on clinical signs, historical findings, laboratory abnormalities, and basal serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations, and/or nuclear thyroid scans. Additionally, a presumptive diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma with pulmonary metastasis was made in each cat based on radiographic or scintigraphic evaluation. All three cats had solitary pulmonary nodules 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter on survey thoracic radiographs; one cat also had chylous pleural effusion and pulmonary lobar consolidation. Focal pulmonary accumulation of sodium pertechnetate (99mTcO4 -) and/or radioiodine (131I) corresponding to radiographic lesions were seen in all cats. Two cats were treated with single ablative doses (1111 to 1480 MBq) of131I; the remaining cat was euthanatized.
One of the treated cats died 8 days later; the other cat was euthanatized 22 weeks following treatment. Histopathologic examination of tissue obtained at necropsy confirmed metastatic thyroid carcinoma in one cat and bronchogenic adenocarcinoma in two cats. Our findings indicate that increased radionuclide uptake in focal pulmonary lesions and cytologic evaluation of tissue obtained by fine-needle aspiration are not specific for thyroid tissue. (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1993; 7:303–308. Copyright © 1993 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)  相似文献   

3.
Background: Measurement of concentrations of acute-phase proteins (APPs) is used as an aid in the diagnosis of a variety of diseases in animals.
Objective: To determine the concentration of APPs in dogs with steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) and other neurologic diseases.
Animals: One hundred and thirty-three dogs with neurologic diseases, 6 dogs with sepsis, and 8 healthy dogs were included in the study. Thirty-six dogs had SRMA (31 of which had monitoring), 14 dogs had other meningoencephalitides (ME), 32 had disk disease (IVDD/DLSS), 26 had tumors affecting the central nervous system (TCNS), and 25 had idiopathic epilepsy (IE).
Methods: Prospective, observational study: C-reactive protein (CRP), α2-macroglobulin (AMG), and albumin concentrations were determined in the serum or plasma. CRP was also measured in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Results: Serum CRP was significantly higher in dogs with SRMA (     = 142 μg/mL ± 75) and sepsis (     = 114 μg/mL ± 67) in comparison with dogs with other neurologic diseases (     = 2.3–21 μg/mL; P < .001). There was no significant difference detected in AMG between groups. Serum albumin concentration was significantly lower ( P < .01) in dogs with SRMA (     = 3.2 g/dL ± 0.41) than in other groups (     = 3.6–3.9 g/dL). Serum CRP concentration of SRMA dogs correlated with alkaline phosphatase levels ( r = 0.515, P = .003).
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: CRP concentrations in serum are useful in diagnosis of dogs with SRMA. Serum CRP could be used as a monitoring parameter in treatment management of these dogs.  相似文献   

4.
This report describes the use of 99mtechnetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4−) and 131[for imaging of a metastatic thyroid carcinoma in a dog. The 131] imaging showed metastatic lesions undetected by the 99mTcO4− imaging on 2 separate occasions. The possible mechanisms for the discrepancies between 131I and 99mTcO4− imaging of thyroid carcinomas are discussed. The use of 131I for the imaging of functional thyroid carcinomas in the dog is recommended.  相似文献   

5.
Background: Intravenous administration of human immunoglobulin G (hIVIgG) has been suggested to potentiate thromboembolism in dogs, but supportive scientific reports are lacking.
Objectives: To determine if hIVIgG therapy promotes hypercoagulability and inflammation in dogs.
Animals: Twelve healthy Beagle dogs.
Methods: Prospective, experimental trial. An hIVIgG/saline solution was infused IV at 1 g/kg BW over 8 hours to 6 dogs, and physiological saline was infused to the other 6 dogs. Blood samples were drawn before, during, and after infusion for serial measurement of indicators of coagulation and inflammation. Data were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: Dogs administered hIVIgG developed mildly decreased blood platelet concentrations without thrombocytopenia (median, 200 × 103/μL; range, 150–302 × 103/μL; P < .01), leukopenia (median, 3.5 × 103/μL; range, 20–62 × 103/μL; P < .001), and mildly increased plasma total protein concentrations (median, 6.3 g/dL; range, 5.6–6.7 g/dL; P < .001). Administration of hIVIgG was also associated with increases in fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in all dogs (either 5 μg/mL or 10 μg/dL), thrombin-antithrombin III complexes (median, 7.2 ng/mL; range, 4.9–14.2 ng/mL; P < .001), and C-reactive protein concentrations (median, 2.5 mg/dL; range, 0.5–4.3 mg/dL; P < .01).
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Administration of hIVIgG to dogs promotes hypercoagulability and an inflammatory state. This should be further evaluated and considered when using hIVIgG in dogs with IMHA or other prothrombotic conditions.  相似文献   

6.
Seven dogs with thyroid gland carcinoma were treated with 131I and hormone suppressive therapy either alone (3 dogs) or in combination with surgery (3 dogs) or 137Cs teletherapy and chemotherapy (1 dog). Empirically chosen doses of 75 to 137 mCi of 131I were given orally (2 dogs) and intravenously (5 dogs). Adverse effects were limited to acute, transient bone marrow hypoplasia and pancytopenia. Nominal objective reduction in tumor volume or size and number of pulmonary metastases was observed in 4 dogs treated with 131I and thyroxine. Of these 4 dogs, 2 had stable disease for periods of 4 and 12 months while a third dog had stable disease for 27 months following two 131I treatments at 3 month intervals. The fourth dog had progressive disease. Two dogs with mediastinal metastases showed reduction in localization of 99mTc pertechnetate and radioiodine following 2 and 3 treatments using 131I. It appears that relatively high doses of 131I can be used safely for the treatment of canine thyroid tumors and that further investigation can be justified to define its efficacy.  相似文献   

7.
Background: Hypothyroidism affects renal function in a manner opposite the effects of hyperthyroidism.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of experimentally induced hypothyroidism on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and basal plasma creatinine concentration in dogs.
Animals: Sixteen anestrous, female dogs.
Methods: Hypothyroidism was induced by administration of 131I in 8 dogs, and 8 healthy euthyroid dogs acted as controls. Exogenous plasma creatinine clearance (an estimate of GFR) was measured in all dogs before (control period) and 43–50 weeks after induction of hypothyroidism (posttreatment period). Other pharmacokinetic parameters of creatinine were also determined.
Results: No significant difference was observed for basal plasma creatinine concentration and creatinine clearance between control and hypothyroid dogs in the control period. In the posttreatment period, mean ± SD creatinine clearance in the hypothyroid group (2.13 ± 0.48 mL/min/kg) was lower ( P < .001) than that of the control group (3.20 ± 0.42 mL/kg/min). Nevertheless, basal plasma creatinine concentrations were not significantly different between the hypothyroid and control groups (0.74 ± 0.18 versus 0.70 ± 0.08 mg/dL, respectively) because endogenous production of creatinine was decreased in hypothyroid dogs (22 ± 3 versus 32 ± 5 mg/kg/d, P =.001).
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Hypothyroidism causes a substantial decrease in GFR without altering plasma creatinine concentrations, indicating that GFR evaluation is needed to identify renal dysfunction in such patients.  相似文献   

8.
Background: Chronic kidney failure is frequently seen in middle-aged and elderly cats. 51Chromium-ethylene diaminic tetraacetic acid (51Cr-EDTA) clearance and single blood sample (SBS) method are used in several species to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Hypothesis: The hypothesis of this study was that 51Cr-EDTA clearance could be determined using an SBS method in normal and hyperthyroid cats.
Animals: Forty-six cats were included in this study, with an average age of 9.5 years. Of these cats, 27 had hyperthyroidism; 19 were healthy.
Methods: After IV injection of 51Cr-EDTA (average dose: 4.25 MBq), 7 blood samples were obtained between 5 and 240 minutes. Reference clearance was calculated in mL/min and mL/min/kg body weight, using a 2-compartment model. Optimal time for clearance measurement with SBS was then determined by systematically comparing each individual plasma concentration to the reference multisample clearance.
Results: The average reference plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA for all cats was 14.9 mL/min (3.7 mL/min/kg). The clearance in hyperthyroid cats averaged 16.4 mL/min (4.3 mL/min/kg) and in normal cats averaged 10.3 mL/min (2.4 mL/min/kg).
The optimal time for the SBS was 48 minutes after injection of tracer 51Cr-EDTA ( R 2= 0.9414), giving the following converting equation: clearance = (0.0066 × DV48 minutes) – 0.9277 (in mL/min).
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: In this study, the single sample 51Cr-EDTA clearance method was used to estimate the global GFR in cats. The method identified differences in clearance between normal and hyperthyroid cats. The optimal time for an SBS was 48 minutes.  相似文献   

9.
Background: Hyperthyroid cats are at risk of developing azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diagnostic tools currently used to screen for CKD in hyperthyroid cats are either unreliable or impractical.
Hypothesis: Urine N -acetyl-β- d -glucosaminidase index (NAGi) is a good biomarker for azotemic CKD in hyperthyroid cats.
Animals: Twenty-four newly diagnosed nonazotemic hyperthyroid cats and 10 healthy cats.
Methods: All cats were evaluated for hyperthyroidism at baseline. Hyperthyroid cats were treated with methimazole and reevaluated once euthyroid. At the end of the study, cats were divided into 3 groups: healthy cats, nonazotemic, and azotemic euthyroid cats. Baseline group characteristics were compared to predict azotemic CKD. The influence of treatment on NAGi was evaluated.
Results: Baseline NAGi was significantly different among groups ( P = .004). Azotemic cats had a higher median value (13.12 U/g) when compared with healthy cats (1.38 U/g). With NAGi >2.76 U/g, negative and positive predictive values for development of azotemia were 77.7 and 50%, whereas the combination of a urine specific gravity (USG) ≤1.035 and T4 >7.80 μg/dL enhanced predictive values to 88.9 and 83.3%, respectively. NAGi values decreased significantly over time in treated nonazotemic cats.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Baseline NAGi did not differentiate azotemic from nonazotemic euthyroid cats. NAGi could be used to assess renal function during medical therapy allowing the clinician to adjust methimazole dosage accordingly. The combination of USG and T4 could optimize identification of appropriate candidates for permanent treatment of hyperthyroidism.  相似文献   

10.
Thyroid scintigraphy using sodium 99mTechnetium pertechnetate (99TcO4-) was performed in normal and radiothyroidectomized cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ). 131I scintigraphy was performed in the course of ablating the thyroid glands. The thyroid glands in normal birds were clearly visualized, but were not individually resolvable. Thyroid glands were not visualized in thyroid-ablated birds. With 99mTcO4 scans, thyroid (or other region of interest)/body count density ratios were used for comparisons of normal and thyroid-ablated birds. Normal 99mTcO4- thyroid/body ratios (mean +/− SD) for the dorsal and lateral views were 1.83 +/− 0.31 and 1.70 +/− 0.34 respectively. Pertechnetate thyroid/body count density ratios decreased (to 0.93 -/−0.14 and 0.88 +/− 0.12 for dorsal and lateral views respectively) after thyroid ablation, while crop/body ratios increased. 99mTcO4- thyroid scintigraphy, therefore, was capable of detecting hypofunctional thyroid abnormalities in 131I radiothyroidectomized cockatiels.  相似文献   

11.
Objective  To evaluate and to validate the accuracy of the Perkins® handheld applanation tonometer in the measurement of IOP in dogs and cats.
Animals  Twenty eyes from 10 dogs and 10 cats immediately after sacrifice were used for the postmortem study and 20 eyes from 10 clinically normal and anesthetized dogs and cats were used for the in vivo study. Both eyes of 20 conscious dogs and cats were also evaluated.
Procedure  Readings of IOP postmortem and in vivo were taken using manometry (measured with a mercury column manometer) and tonometry (measured with a Perkins® handheld applanation tonometer). The IOP measurement with Perkins® tonometer in anesthetized and conscious dogs and cats was accomplished by instillation of proxymetacaine 0.5% and of 1% fluorescein eye drops.
Results  The correlation coefficient ( r 2) between the manometry and the Perkins® tonometer were 0.982 (dogs) and 0.988 (cats), and the corresponding linear regression equation were y  = 0.0893 x  + 0.1105 (dogs) and y  = 0.0899 x  + 0.1145 (cats) in the postmortem study. The mean IOP readings with the Perkins® tonometer after calibration curve correction were 14.9 ± 1.6 mmHg (range 12.2–17.2 mmHg) in conscious dogs, and were 15.1 ± 1.7 mmHg (range 12.1–18.7 mmHg) in conscious cats.
Conclusion  There was an excellent correlation between the IOP values obtained from direct ocular manometry and the Perkins® tonometer in dogs and cats. The Perkins® handheld tonometer could be in the future a new alternative for the diagnosis of glaucoma in veterinary ophthalmology.  相似文献   

12.
The pharmacokinetic properties of pradofloxacin and doxycycline were investigated in serum, saliva, and tear fluid of cats. In a crossover study design, six cats were treated orally with a single dose of pradofloxacin (Veraflox® Oral Suspension 2.5%) and doxycycline (Ronaxan® 100 mg) at 5 mg/kg body weight. Following administration, samples of serum, saliva, and tear fluid were taken in regular intervals over a period of 24 h and analysed by turbulent flow chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. All values are given as mean ± SD. Pradofloxacin reached a mean maximum serum concentration ( C max) of 1.1 ± 0.5 μg/mL after 1.8 ± 1.3 h ( t max). In saliva and tear fluid, mean C max was 6.3 ± 7.0 and 13.4 ± 20.9 μg/mL, respectively, and mean t max was 0.5 ± 0 and 0.8 ± 0.3 h, respectively. Doxycycline reached a mean C max in serum of 4.0 ± 0.8 μg/mL after 4.3 ± 3.2 h. Whilst only at two time-points doxycycline concentrations close to the limit of quantification were determined in tear fluid, no detectable levels were found in saliva. The high concentrations of pradofloxacin in saliva and tear fluid are promising to apply pradofloxacin for the treatment of conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract infections in cats. As doxycycline is barely secreted into these fluids after oral application the mechanisms of its clinical efficacy remain unclear.  相似文献   

13.
Objective To examine circulating total and free thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) concentrations, determine serum iodothyronine binding characteristics and estimate thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) activity in sera of coastal and inland koalas.
Design A prospective study.
Procedure Koala serum T3 and T4 were measured by radioimmunoassay. T4 binding parameters were determined by radioligand binding and electrophoresis. Koala TSH values were determined by bioassay.
Results Mean total T4 concentrations were 3.2 ± 2.1 nM although values were significantly higher in inland-dwelling females in comparison to coastal-dwelling males. Free T4 was 3.3 ± 2.1 pM. Total and free T3 were 0.4 ± 0.2 nM and 1.4 ± 0.9 pM respectively, although these values were at the lower end of the assay detection limit and should be viewed with reservation. Electrophoresis of [125I]-T4-labelled serum revealed only two proteins of electrophoretic mobility similar to human transthyretin (TTR) and albumin. Scatchard analysis of T4 binding to serum gave a curvilinear plot, which could be resolved into two binding sites with affinities identical to that of TTR and albumin but both of low concentration. The bioactivity of the TSH present in the sera was measured using a cell line (JP09) transfected with the human TSH receptor. The mean level of stimulation found in the sera corresponded to a bovine TSH activity of less than 10 mU/L.
Conclusion These results suggest that the serum concentrations of free and total thyroid hormones in koalas are low compared to other marsupials and very low compared to eutherian mammals. The mechanism of maintenance of euthyroidism in this species remains to be determined.  相似文献   

14.
This study was carried out to determine whether yohimbine antagonizes the retrograde flow of spermatozoa into the urinary bladder of dogs caused by xylazine. Adult dogs were assigned to one of four groups of six dogs each and treated as follows: saline control, xylazine (2.2 mg/kg, i.m.), yohimbine (0.2 mg/kg, im.), yohimbine/xylazine (yohimbine, 0.2 mg/kg, i.m., followed 10 min later by xylazine. 2.2 mg/kg, i.m.). Pre- and post-treatment urine were collected by cystocentesis from all dogs. The mean (± SD) adjusted total number of spermatozoa in the post-treatment urine of xylazine-treated dogs (141.02 ± 136.75 × 106) was 15 times higher ( P < 0.05) than the number in the post-treatment urine of control dogs (9.16 ± 20.26 × 106), 1763 times higher ( P < 0.05) than the number in the urine of yohimbine-treated dogs (0.08 ± 0.20 × 106), and 56 times higher ( P < 0.05) than the total number in the post-treatment urine of yohimbine/xylazine-treated dogs (2.54 ± 4.54 × 106). These results confirm that xylazine induces a significant ( P = 0.007) displacement of spermatozoa into the urinary bladder of dogs and demonstrate that pre-treatment with yohimbine prevents this effect.  相似文献   

15.
Objective  To evaluate the effect of acepromazine or xylazine on Schirmer tear test 1 results in clinically normal cats.
Animals  Sixteen healthy cross-breed cats.
Procedure  The animals were randomly divided into two groups of eight cats each. The first group was sedated with acepromazine alone (0.2 mg/kg) and the second group received only xylazine (2 mg/kg). All cats had Schirmer tear test (STT) readings taken prior to sedation and at 15 and 25 min postsedation.
Results  Sedation with acepromazine or xylazine in cats with normal pre-sedation STT 1 values caused a statistically significant decrease in mean values of tear production in both groups. In acepromazine group the mean ± SEM STT at T15 and T25 were 4.31 ± 0.98 ( P  < 0.001) and 5.18 ± 1.07 ( P  = 0.002). The post-treatment mean ± SEM values in xylazine group were 2.18 ± 0.97 ( P  < 0.001) and 2.62 ± 1.17 ( P  = 0.001) at 15 and 25 min respectively. Comparison between T15 and T25 in acepromazine group ( P  = 0.49) and xylazine group ( P  = 0.56) revealed no significant differences.
Conclusion  These observations indicate that both acepromazine or xylazine significantly reduced tear production in clinically normal cats. In cats, clinicians should measure STT values prior to utilizing acepromazine or xylazine as sedatives in order to accurately assess the results. Moreover, sterile ocular lubricant or tear replacement should be used as a corneal protectant during sedation with these drugs.  相似文献   

16.
Background: Systemic arterial thromboembolic events are a serious complication of cardiac disease in cats.
Objectives: To determine if enoxaparin induces an antithrombotic effect in cats at a dosage of 1 mg/kg SC q12h and if this antithrombotic effect is predicted by anti-Xa activity.
Animals: Fourteen clinically healthy cats were divided into 3 groups: control (4 cats), treated and assessed at 4 hours (5 cats), and treated and assessed at 12 hours (5 cats).
Methods: A venous stasis model was used and the extent of thrombus formation estimated by measuring thrombus weight and accretion of 125I-fibrinogen. Plasma anti-Xa activity was measured in treated cats.
Results: There was a significant reduction in thrombus formation in the 4 h group compared with control (median weight, 0.000 versus 0.565 mg/mm, P < .01; median %125I-fibrinogen accretion, 0.0 versus 42.0%, P < .01). There was a reduction in thrombus formation in the 12 h group (median weight, 0.006 mg/mm, P = .09; median %125I-fibrinogen accretion, 3.83%, P = .09) but this reduction was not significant. The median percent thrombus inhibition for treated cats was 100.0% at 4 hours and 91.4% at 12 hours. Plasma anti-Xa activity was not significantly correlated with thrombus formation.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: This pilot study demonstrates that enoxaparin, when administered at a dosage of 1 mg/kg SC q12h, produces an antithrombotic effect in a venous statsis model in clinically healthy cats. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that anti-Xa activity is a poor predictor of enoxaparin's antithrombotic effect.  相似文献   

17.
The effects of cold-acclimation (3 weeks at 4°C) on the actual activities of branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complexes in the skeletal muscle and liver of normal 6-week-old rats were studied. The activities of BCKDH and PDH complexes were assayed using [1–14C] α-ketoisocaproate and [1-14C]pyruvate, respectively. Cold-acclimation markedly stimulated the activity of BCKDH, and slightly but significantly increased the activities of PDH and citrate synthase (CS) in the skeletal muscle, but did not alter PDH, BCKDH or CS activities in the liver. The increase in muscle BCKDH activity (control rats, 1.45 ± 0.54 mU/g wet wt; cold-acclimated rats, 2.54 ± 0.50 mU/g wet wt; 75% increase: P  = 0.001) was much greater than the increases in PDH activity (84 ± 16 mU/g wet wt and 111 ± 25 mU/g wet wt; 32% increase: P  = 0.020) or CS activities (27 ± 3 μmol/min per g wet wt and 31 ± 2 μmol/min per g wet wt; 14% increase: P  = 0.046). These results suggest that, unlike PDH, BCKDH is not directly associated with the mitochondrial oxidative activity of the skeletal muscle of cold-acclimated rats. This study provides the first evidence that BCKDH in skeletal muscle responds selectively to cold-acclimation.  相似文献   

18.
Laber, G. Investigation of pharmacokinetic parameters of tiamulin after intramuscular and subcutaneous administration in normal dogs. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 11 , 45–49.
Kinetic variables for tiamulin in the normal dog have been determined. Serum concentrations of tiamulin were compared after intramuscular (i.m.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of a single dose of tiamulin. Following a single i.m. dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, the compound was calculated to have a Cmax= 0.61 ± 0.15 μg/ml, a T max= 6 h and a t ½= 4.7 ± 1.4 h. Tiamulin showed dose-dependent pharmacokinetics when given as a single s.c. dose of either 10 mg or 25 mg/kg body weight. For the lower dose, the values Cmax= 1.55 ± 0.11 μg/ml, T max= 8 h and 1 max= 4.28 ± 0.18 h were obtained. For the higher dose C max= 3.14 ± 0.04 μg/ml, T max= 8 h and t ½= 12.4 ± 3.4 h were calculated. When tiamulin was administered subcutaneously at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg body weight, higher and better maintained serum levels were achieved than those following i.m. administration. After repeated s.c. doses no significant accumulation of tiamulin occurred. Assuming that a continuous effective serum concentration is necessary throughout the course of therapy, these data would indicate that tiamulin should be given every 24 h.  相似文献   

19.
The serum 25-OH-D3, Ca, P, and Mg concentrations in thirty-seven cows that had calved in March April were studied in this trial. Twenty-three had puerperal paresis. Values observed in this group were Ca, 1.27 ± 0.3 mmol/l, P, 1.63 ± 0.82 mmol/l, Mg, 1.14 ± 0.27 mmol/l, and 25-OH-D3, 32.7 ± 22 μg/l. In the fourteen age-matched healthy control cows from the same herd values were Ca, 1.93 ± 0.5 mmol/l, P, 3.09 ± 1.28 mmol/l, Mg, 1.01 ± 0.3 mmol/l and 25-OH-D3, 31.5 ± 19.7 μg/l. The range of values for the cows serum 25-OH-D3 concentration was l't; 3.2 to 76 μg/l. No differences could be established in terms of 25-OH-D3 concentrations between the groups.  相似文献   

20.
Over representation of Burmese cats with diabetes mellitus   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Objective To determine if Burmese cats in Queensland have an increased risk of diabetes mellitus.
Design A retrospective study of diabetic and nondiabetic cats that had blood submitted to a veterinary clinical laboratory over a 22 month study period.
Sample population 4402 cats
Procedure Cats were considered diabetic if blood glucose concentration was > 11 mmol/L and fructosamine was > 406 μmol/L or hydroxybutyrate was >1 mmol/L. Cats were grouped into Burmese and non-Burmese. Adjusted odds ratios of diabetes were calculated for breed, gender and age group amongst cats with blood glucose > 11 mmol/L.
Results Burmese cats comprised 20% of 45 diabetic cats of known breed, which was higher (P < 0.001) than among the normoglycemic reference population of 2203 cats (7% Burmese). There were more females among the diabetic Burmese (62%), but this did not differ (P > 0.05) from the Burmese reference population (45% females). In contrast, males seemed to predominate among diabetic non-Burmese (63%), although this also did not differ (P > 0.05) from the reference population (55%) or from diabetic Burmese (38% males). The majority (90%) of diabetic cats were older than 6 years, irrespective of breed (median age 12 years, interquartile range 10 to 13 years). This was higher (χ2= 8.13, P < 0.005) than among the normoglycaemic reference population, where 69% were older than 6 years.
Conclusions Burmese cats were significantly over represented among cats with diabetes mellitus. Irrespective of breed, the risk of diabetes in the study population increased with age.  相似文献   

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