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1.
利用Li-6400便携式光合作用系统对山桐子净光合速率日变化规律、光响应曲线以及CO2响应曲线进行测定的结果显示,山桐子净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,上下午各有一个高峰,有典型的"午休"现象。通过对生理生态因子的相关分析表明,影响山桐子净光合速率的主要因子是光合有效辐射强度、气孔导度。山桐子饱和光强为1 654.81μmol/m2·s,光补偿点为16.19μmol/m2·s;CO2补偿点为86.58μmol/mol,CO2饱和点1 366.13μmol/mol。表明山桐子为典型的阳生植物,光能利用范围相对较广,对光照的适应性较强,在生产上宜选择光照条件较好的地块,以提高其产量。 相似文献
2.
采用LI-6400XT光合仪对湘酿1号刺葡萄进行光合特性研究,结果表明：湘酿1号光饱和点为1264.00μmol/m2·s,光补偿点为28.35μmol/m2·s,暗呼吸速率为1.878μmol/m2·s,CO2饱和点1583.72μmol/m2·s,CO2补偿点为91.22μmol/m2·s,光呼吸速率为-3.224μmol/m2·s,净光合速率为22.98μmol/m2·s。晴朗天气条件下,湘酿1号刺葡萄叶片净光合速率日变化趋势为单峰曲线,且无光合“午休”现象。湘酿1号刺葡萄净光合速率与光合有效辐射呈显著正相关,与蒸腾速率、气孔导度呈极显著正相关,而与胞间CO2浓度呈显著负相关,暗呼吸速率与胞间CO2浓度呈显著负相关,与空气温度呈显著正相关。 相似文献
3.
2013年9月中旬在贵州大学林学院苗圃,利用Li-6400开放式光合作用测定系统对1年生酥李盆栽苗的光合特性进行测定。结果表明:酥李净光合速率(Pn)日进程呈典型的双峰曲线,有明显的光合"午休"现象,峰值分别出现在11∶00左右(峰值17.64μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))、16∶00左右(峰值6.45μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1));酥李气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)的日变化均呈双峰曲线;胞间CO2浓度(Ci)的日变化大致呈"V"字型曲线。酥李净光合速率(Pn)与胞间CO2浓度(Ci)极显著负相关,其光合"午休"的原因主要为气孔关闭引起光合作用下降,气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)是酥李净光合速率(Pn)的关键影响因子。 相似文献
4.
5.
在完全自然生长不离体的情况下,利用Li-6400测定南召宝天曼生境下山茱萸7月份的光合生理生态指标.结果表明;山茱萸净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,具有光合"午休"现象且由非气孔限制因素所致;山茱萸净光合速率与叶片气孔导度、胞间C02浓度、气孔限制值呈线性相关,与光合有效辐射呈二次抛物线型相关,与其它生理生态因子之间没有直接的显著相关,但逐步回归多元统计分析显示利用叶片气孔导度和叶片温度二因子预测山茱萸净光合速率精度较高;在叶温28C和空气CO2浓度360μmol·tool-1条件下,山茱萸净光合速率随光合有效辐射的增强而提高,光补偿点和光饱和点分别为25 μmol·m-2·s-1、1000μmol·m-2·s1,在此条件下,净光合速率与蒸腾速率和叶片气孔导度没有显著的相关关系．但与胞间CO2浓度呈二次抛物线璎显著相关;在叶温28C和光合有效辐射900 μmol·m-2·s-1条件下,净光合速率随着CO2浓度的增加而提高,CO2补偿点和CO2饱和点分别为100μmol·mol-1、1400μmol·mol-1此条件下净光合速率与蒸腾速率和胞间CO2浓度均星对数曲线显著正相关. 相似文献
6.
‘渤丰1号’杨光合速率日变化及其与生理生态因子的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用Li-6400光合仪测定了1年生‘渤丰1号’杨的光合日变化,研究其与生理生态因子的相关性。结果表明,‘渤丰1号’杨净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度日变化均为"双峰"曲线,峰值出现的时间均是10:00和14:00,在12:00存在明显的"光合午休"现象;全天净光合速率最大值为10:00的20.64μmol·m-2s-1,比第二峰值高出16%。相关性分析表明,净光合速率与蒸腾速率呈极显著正相关(r=0.9290),与气孔导度和光合有效辐射呈显著正相关(r=0.8518、r=0.8226),与大气CO2浓度呈显著负相关(r=-0.8433);在4个生态因子中,影响净光合速率日变化的主要是光合有效辐射和大气CO2浓度。 相似文献
7.
滨海滩涂洋白蜡的光合特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
洋白蜡作为引进种,已在我国广泛种植.以上海南汇滨海森林公园内5年生洋白蜡树种为研究对象,系统研究了其叶片光响应曲线和光合作用日变化.结果发现,洋白蜡光补偿点为32.69 μmoL/(m2·s),光饱和点为948.55 μmoL/(m2·s),暗呼吸速率为1.06 μmoL/(m2·s);净光合速率日变化呈现双峰曲线,最大值为(11.37±2.14)μmol/(m2·s),经相关性分析发现净光合速率与气孔导度、光合有效辐射间存在显著的正相关性;蒸腾速率日变化也呈现双峰曲线,并与气孔导度、温度、大气CO2浓度、光合有效辐射间存在显著的正相关,与相对湿度存在显著的负相关. 相似文献
8.
苦楝叶片的光合特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用LI-6400便携式光合作用测定仪对苦楝叶片光合特性进行研究。结果表明:苦楝净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,有明显的光合午休现象,最高峰出现在12:00,最大净光合速率为5.63μmol/m2.s,光饱和点为1300μmol/m2.s,光补偿点为34.9μmol/m2.s,表观量子效率为0.1031,CO2补偿点为78.5μmol/mol,羧化效率为0.0332。其光饱和点较高、光补偿点低,表明它是一种既有一定的耐荫能力,又能适应较强的阳光辐射,对光适应幅度较宽的植物。 相似文献
9.
《森林与环境学报》2010,(3)
为了解东北落新妇(Astilbe chinensis)和朝鲜落新妇(A.koreana)光合特性及其与环境因子的相关性,为将来落新妇栽培养护管理及其环境生态位的选择提供一定的理论依据。测定了其光合作用日变化和光响应,分析了光合日变化规律与环境因子的相关性。结果表明,东北落新妇和朝鲜落新妇净光合速率日变化均呈双峰曲线,有明显的光合"午休"现象;东北落新妇光补偿点、光饱和点均低于朝鲜落新妇;2种落新妇与环境因子的相关性存在差异,东北落新妇净光合速率与气孔导度、蒸腾速率呈显著正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著负相关。朝鲜落新妇净光合速率与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著负相关。 相似文献
10.
刘巍 《内蒙古林业调查设计》2019,(3):69-72
文章利用Li-6400XT测定了欧美杨177幼苗净光合速率,研究其日变化与环境因子的关系。结果表明:欧美杨177净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度日变化均呈现"双峰"曲线,表现出明显的光合"午休"现象,中午净光合速率降低主要受气孔限制因素限制;净光合速率峰值出现在10:00时和14:00时,分别为27.55μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)和24.85μmol·m-2·s-1。14:00～18:00时段,胞间CO2浓度升高,气孔限制值减小,净光合速率下降主要受非气孔因素限制;欧美杨177净光合速率与气孔导度、光合有效辐射呈极显著正相关(r=0.973**、r=0.976**),与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著负相关(r=-0.918**),对蒸腾速率影响最大的是空气CO_2浓度。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
15.
Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
16.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献
17.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
19.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
20.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献