共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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白菜WRKY转录因子cDNA全长的克隆及分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
参照拟南芥WRKY转录因子基因保守序列设计引物，利用RT-PCR及RACE技术克隆了白菜WRKY转录因子基因cDNA全长，命名为BcWRKY1 (GenBank登录号为AY836002)。序列分析发现，白菜BcWRKY1基因核苷酸序列长980bp，推导的氨基酸序列编码285个氨基酸残基，与拟南芥AtWRKY18 氨基酸序列的同源性为74%，与拟南芥AtWRKY60同源性为59%；与其它植物WRKY基因的同源性则较低。Southern杂交显示该基因在白菜基因组中为单拷贝。半定量RT-PCR分析表明，用2mmol/L的水杨酸处理后2h~8h，以及用霜霉病菌接种后6h~12h，白菜BcWRKY1基因的表达量最高。 相似文献
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小麦耐热相关转录因子基因TabZIP28的分离及功能分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
碱性亮氨酸拉链(basic leucine zipper,bZIP)是植物中广泛存在的一类转录因子,参与多种胁迫响应与生长发育过程.本研究从小麦(Triticum aestivum)中克隆到一个热胁迫诱导的bZIP家族转录因子基因TabZIP28 (GenBank登录号:KT753298.1),ORF长度为1 713 bp,编码570个氨基酸.生物信息学分析结果表明,TabZIP28与拟南芥bZIP家族转录因子中B亚组的3个基因Atb ZIP17、AtbZIP28和AtbZIP49归为一类.氨基酸序列比对结果表明,该蛋白具有bZIP和跨膜结构域(transmembrane domain,TMD)两个保守结构域以及规范的位点1蛋白酶(site 1 protease,S1P)剪切位点.对该基因起始密码子ATG上游1 699bp的序列进行顺式作用元件分析,发现该基因的启动子区域包含众多激素和逆境胁迫响应元件.通过qRT-PCR对该基因在逆境胁迫下的表达模式进行分析,结果表明,TabZIP28在热胁迫处理1h即上调表达且达到最大值;用20％PEG 6000模拟干旱环境处理小麦幼苗后,TabZIP28在处理6h达到最大值,并在12h时急剧下降;对5mmol/L H2O2处理响应比较缓慢,在处理12h才上调表达;该基因不受到二硫苏糖醇(dithiothreitol,DTT)处理的诱导表达.在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)中过量表达TabZIP28基因,转基因株系在高温胁迫后的成活率和种子发芽率较野生型明显提高,说明该基因可能对植物的耐热性有贡献,可以作为耐热性育种的候选基因. 相似文献
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为探究外源NO对棉花色素合成和纤维发育的影响,以棕色棉和白色棉花后2 d的胚珠为材料,利用NO供体硝普钠(SNP)处理棉纤维,测定纤维发育中的相关生理生化指标及与色素合成相关基因的表达量。结果表明,100μmol·L-1SNP处理促进了棕色棉胚珠鲜质量的增加和白色棉纤维的伸长;DMACA染色显示,原花青素(PAs)分布在棕色棉胚珠种皮和纤维中,而白色棉则仅在种皮中存在;外源NO促进了白色棉和棕色棉胚珠纤维中总黄酮和PAs的合成,但抑制了棕色棉纤维素的合成;色素合成关键酶基因(Gh CHS、Gh F3H、Gh DFR、Gh ANS、Gh ANR)在离体过程中整体呈下降趋势,但SNP处理上调了棕色棉中各基因的表达;外源NO促进了棕色棉胚珠纤维中Gh TT12的表达;外源NO在纤维发育早期(10 DAC、15 DAC)抑制了棕色棉胚珠纤维中Gh Exp1的表达,促进了白色棉胚珠纤维中Gh Exp1的表达。本研究结果为进一步揭示外源NO对棉花色素合成和纤维发育提供了参考。 相似文献
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中间锦鸡儿(Caragana intermedia)是广泛分布于我国西北干旱、半干旱荒漠区的防风固沙先锋树种,具有极强的抗逆性和饲用价值。本课题组从前期建立的干旱处理的中间锦鸡儿转录组数据库中分离到1个脱水响应元件结合蛋白(dehydration responsive element binding protein, DREB)转录因子编码基因片段,为了检测CiDREB1C基因的抗旱和抗冷能力,本研究首先利用qRT-PCR技术检测中间锦鸡儿中CiDREB1C基因在冷和干旱胁迫下的表达水平,发现均有上升(P0.01)。为了验证该基因的功能,本研究利用PCR技术获得了CiDREB1C基因全长(GenBank No. MG748598),并将其构建入植物过表达载体pCanG-HA,通过农杆菌介导法转化野生型拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana),获得了超表达CiDREB1C的转基因拟南芥纯合体。不同胁迫处理结果显示:甘露醇处理下,转基因拟南芥丙二醛的含量显著低于野生型(P0.01),叶绿素含量明显高于野生型(P0.01),表现出明显的抗旱表型;冷胁迫处理后,过表达株系叶绿素含量明显高于野生型(P0.01);黑暗处理下,过表达株系叶片衰老延迟,细胞死亡较野生型少,叶绿素含量显著高于野生型(P0.01)。上述结果说明,CiDREB1C基因提高了转基因拟南芥对多种胁迫的耐受性。本研究结果为进一步研究CiDREB1C基因在抗逆中的功能及中间锦鸡儿的抗逆分子作用机理提供依据。 相似文献
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诱导型抗性在植物防御植食性昆虫过程中起到重要作用,植物可通过基因和信号通路调控植物与害虫之间的互作。本研究以转Bt+Cp TI(苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)+豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(cowpea trypsin inhibitor))基因的抗虫棉品种中棉所41为材料,使用定量PCR分别测定棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)危害、喷施茉莉酸甲酯(methyl jasmonate,Me-JA)和水杨酸甲酯(methyl salicylate,Me-SA)等处理0、6、12、18和24h后,棉花Ghppo1(Gossypium hirsutum polyphenol oxidases 1)基因、茉莉酸途径关键基因Gh AOS(Gossypium hirsutum allene oxide synthase)、Gh COI1(Gossypium hirsutum coronatine insensitive1)表达量变化。交互取食试验测定1龄棉铃虫诱导及茉莉酸甲酯诱导18 h后棉花饲喂3龄棉铃虫与甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua)虫重变化。以了解棉花Ghppo1基因在棉花诱导型抗性及棉花-棉铃虫互作关系中的作用。结果表明,1龄棉铃虫取食以及喷施Me-JA能够诱导棉花Ghppo1基因表达量显著升高,而3龄棉铃虫取食及喷施Me-SA不能诱导棉花Ghppo1基因表达量升高。此外棉花多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidases,PPOs)同样受1龄棉铃虫取食和茉莉酸甲酯诱导,而不受3龄棉铃虫和水杨酸甲酯诱导。1龄棉铃虫取食能够诱导茉莉酸途径关键基因Gh AOS和Gh COI1表达量显著上升。交互取食试验结果表明1龄棉铃虫诱导后的棉花植株能够抑制3龄棉铃虫及甜菜夜蛾的生长发育。棉花Ghppo1基因受茉莉酸途径而不受水杨酸途径调控,棉花Ghppo1基因参与棉花对棉铃虫的诱导型抗性反应。本实验结果表明,1龄棉铃虫可明显提高棉花对棉铃虫及甜菜夜蛾的抗性,棉花Ghppo1基因在棉花对棉铃虫与甜菜夜蛾抗性中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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为了探究葡萄WRKY54基因的功能,以抗盐葡萄品种Vidal Blanc为材料,采用同源克隆法克隆得到Vv WRKY54基因,并对其进行生物信息学和表达特性分析。结果表明,Vv WRKY54基因c DNA序列为942 bp,编码313个氨基酸。生物信息学分析结果表明,Vv WRKY54蛋白分子量约为35.3091 k Da,等电点为5.45,不稳定系数为55.03,推测其为不稳定蛋白,与已知毛果杨及拟南芥WRKY54蛋白高度同源;亚细胞定位预测结果显示其主要存在于细胞核中。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,Vv WRKY54在葡萄不同组织中均有表达,其中在梢尖中表达量最高;盐和低温等逆境胁迫因子均能诱导Vv WRKY54上调表达;此外,Vv WRKY54受水杨酸和一氧化氮诱导上调表达,其中水杨酸诱导Vv WRKY54相对表达量在12 h达到最大值,约为对照的50倍。推测Vv WRKY54在植物发育和抵御逆境胁迫中起着重要作用,这为进一步阐明Vv WRKY54的功能及作用机制奠定了分子基础。 相似文献
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高精料日粮饲喂诱导泌乳奶牛发生乳脂抑制的机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高精料饲喂导致奶牛乳脂率降低的相关机制目前还不清楚.本研究通过探究高精料饲喂对肝脏内乳脂前体代谢的影响,揭示奶牛(Bos taurus)发生乳脂抑制的相关机制,将10头泌乳期(25+5)d荷斯坦奶牛随机分为2组,分别饲喂精粗比4∶6(对照组)和6∶4(实验组)日粮.饲喂20周后实施肝脏血管瘘手术,护理4周,进行如下实验:1)统计奶牛产奶量,每周测定乳成分;2)采集空腹进出肝脏血液,检测甘油三酯(triglyceride,TAG)和游离脂肪酸(free fatty acid,FFA)的含量;3)活体穿刺取肝脏组织,qRT-PCR检测肝脏中脂代谢相关基因的表达.结果表明,高精料饲喂6～l8周可提高产奶量,18周后乳脂率显著降低(P＜0.05).高精料组奶牛肝脏TAG和FFA的净输出含量显著(P＜0.05)或极显著降低(P＜0.01);肝脏中参与脂肪酸合成代谢的固醇调节元件结合蛋白-lc基因(sterol regulating element binding protein-1 c,SREBP-1c)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因(acetyl-coa carboxylase,ACC)和脂肪酸合成酶基因(fatty acid synthetase,FAS)表达显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)下调;参与脂肪酸分解代谢的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α基因(peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α,PPARα)和肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶-1基因(carnitine palmitoyltransterase-1,CPT-1)表达显著上调(P＜0.05).高精料饲喂导致奶牛肝脏脂肪酸合成代谢减弱而分解代谢增强,肝脏内乳脂前体物发生重分配,乳脂前体物输出减少,影响了乳脂合成.本研究揭示了高精料饲喂导致奶牛乳脂率降低的机制,为改善奶牛乳脂率提供了理论基础. 相似文献
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棉花转录因子基因(GhMYB11)的克隆与表达分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
MYB基因家族在植物应对外界生物和非生物胁迫的过程中有重要的调控作用.本研究利用二倍体雷蒙德氏棉(Gossypium raimondii)基因组数据库,从陆地棉(G.hirsutum)品种鲁棉研32号中克隆到一个新的MYB转录因子GhMYB111(GenBank登录号:HQ234875.1),Cdna全长1 001 bp,开放阅读框828bp.通过与模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和主要作物小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)、玉米(Zea mays L.)、水稻(Oryza sativa L.) MYB蛋白的氨基酸序列比对发现,GhMYB 11蛋白与拟南芥中脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)合成和信号传导的重要基因AtMYB13/14编码的蛋白高度相似(E值分别为7e-83和1e-90),含两个高度保守的MYB结构域R2R3及一个转录激活结构域.实时定量PCR分析发现,GhMYB 11基因在黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)侵染、干旱、盐和氧化胁迫处理后的棉花幼苗叶片中表达显著上调.GhMYB11基因可能在棉花生物和非生物胁迫反应中起重要调控作用,是陆地棉品种抗逆性遗传改良的重要候选基因.本研究为利用基因工程手段提高棉花抗逆性提供了基础材料 相似文献
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玉米黄质(3,3'-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素)是自然界中常见的一种β-胡萝卜素衍生物,是黄斑和视网膜中最关键的部分.玉米黄质是通过一系列酶作用合成,其中β-胡萝卜素羟化酶(chyb)是关键限速酶,为了研究盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)中不同胁迫下β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因的表达及玉米黄质含量的变化.本研究采用RACE方法首次从盐生杜氏藻中扩增出β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因(Dschyb),并分析强光、葡萄糖等因素对DSchyb表达及玉米黄质含量的影响.结果表明,该基因全长1 433 bp(GenBank登录号:JN118489),包含一个969bp的开放阅读框,编码322个氨基酸,氨基酸的分子量为35.51kD,等电点(PI)为9.01.DsCHYB包含有4个保守的组氨酸基序,与团藻及莱茵衣藻的同源性分别是64％和58％.DsCHYB具有4个跨膜结构及叶绿体导肽,进一步证明该酶定位于叶绿体类囊膜上.系统进化树分析标明,DsCHYB与其他绿藻如团藻(Volvox carteri f.Nagariensis)、莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)的CHYB共处一个进化支,亲缘关系很近.Dschyb基因的表达调控研究显示,在经强光刺激24 h后,Dschyb 基因表达显著上调(P＜0.01),在48 h表达最高(P＜0.01).在经乙酸钠、硫酸亚铁和强光共同处理6h时,Dschyb表达急剧上升(P＜0.01),处理12h后下降;在葡萄糖处理1.5h后,其表达达到最高,6h后表达与对照组无显著性差异;添加放线菌素D后,Dschyb的表达相对对照降低,表明放线菌素D可能对葡萄糖诱导Dschyb表达具有抑制作用.高效液相色谱测定其玉米黄质含量,钠铁、强光及葡萄糖处理均能提高盐生杜氏藻的玉米黄质的含量,其玉米黄质含量比对照组分别增长16％(P＜0.05),28％(P＜0.05)和53％(P＜0.01).本研究结果为玉米黄质合成调控及其在藻类中功能研究提供理论指导. 相似文献
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【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
15.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献
17.
Electron donor and pH relationships for biologically enhanced dissolution of chlorinated solvent DNAPL in groundwater 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Biologically enhanced dissolution offers a method to speed removal of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) sources such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichoroethene (TCE) from aquifers. Bioremediation is accomplished by adding an electron donor to the source zone where fermentation to intermediates leading to acetic acid and hydrogen results. The hydrogen and possibly acetic acid are used by dehalogenating bacteria to convert PCE and TCE to ethene and hydrochloric acid. Reductive dehalogenation is thus an acid forming process, and sufficient alkalinity must be present to maintain a near neutral pH. The bicarbonate alkalinity required to maintain pH above 6.5 is a function of the electron donor: 800 mg/L of bicarbonate alkalinity is sufficient to achieve about 1.2 mM TCE dechlorination with glucose, 1.7 mM with lactate, and a much higher 3.3 mM with formate. Laboratory studies indicate that in mixed culture, formate can be used as an electron donor for complete conversion to ethene, contrary to pure cultures studies indicating it cannot. Various strategies can be used to add electron donor to an aquifer for DNAPL dehalogenation while minimizing pH problems and excessive electron donor usage, including use of injection-extraction wells, dual recirculation wells, and nested injection-extraction wells. 相似文献
18.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
19.
Y. Bashan J. J. Bustillos L. A. Leyva J.-P. Hernandez M. Bacilio 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,42(4):279-285
Inoculation of wheat seedlings with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd was immobilized in alginate microbeads and, without applying any stress, significantly increased the quantity of several
photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the auxiliary photoprotective pigments violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, antheroxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, and β-carotene.
This resulted in greener plants with no apparent visible stress. After monitoring the quantity of photosynthetic pigments
for 4 weeks, we observed that inoculated plants had higher quantities of pigments in shoot and stem. The greatest difference
in the quantity of all pigments between inoculated and noninoculated plants occurred in the first week of growth. Regardless
of treatment, the quantity of pigments in stems was three to four times less than the quantity of these pigments in shoots.
Application of Azospirillum, either as liquid inoculant or as alginate microbeads, did not alter the positive effect of the bacteria on pigment production
or the positive response of the plants towards A. brasilense Cd inoculation. 相似文献
20.
Three slow-growing legume trees used for desert reforestation and urban gardening in the Sonoran Desert of Northwestern Mexico
and the Southwestern USA were evaluated whether their growth can be promoted by inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria
(Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus), unidentified arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (mainly Glomus sp.), and supplementation with common compost under regular screenhouse cultivation common to these trees in nurseries. Mesquite
amargo (Prosopis articulata) and yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla) had different positive responses to several of the parameters tested while blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida) did not respond. Survival of all tree species was over 80% and survival of mesquite was almost 100% after 10 months of cultivation.
Inoculation with growth-promoting microorganisms induced significant effects on the leaf gas exchange of these trees, measured
as transpiration and diffusive resistance, when these trees were cultivated without water restrictions. 相似文献