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1.
通过单因素试验,给拟穴青蟹幼蟹[平均体质量(38.26±0.11)mg]饲喂不同铁元素含量饲料(铁元素的实际含量分别为8.1、39.7、55.6、122.3、275.2、468.3mg/kg)3周,研究铁元素对幼蟹成活率、增重率、特定生长率及体组成的影响。结果表明,饲料中铁元素含量对拟穴青蟹幼蟹的终末体质量、增重率及特定生长率有显著影响(P0.05),对幼蟹的成活率没有显著影响(P0.05)。随着饲料铁元素含量的增加,幼蟹的终末体质量、增重率及特定生长率呈先显著升高(P0.05)后显著降低(P0.05)的趋势,铁元素含量为55.6mg/kg试验组,幼蟹终末体质量、增重率及特定生长率均达到最大。饲料中不同铁元素含量对幼蟹的水分、粗蛋白和灰分含量没有显著影响(P0.05),对幼蟹的粗脂肪含量有显著影响(P0.05),生长率最高组,即铁元素含量为55.6mg/kg的试验组幼蟹粗脂肪含量最高,显著高于铁元素含量122.3mg/kg、275.2mg/kg和468.3mg/kg试验组。线性回归分析表明,拟穴青蟹幼蟹饲料铁元素的最适含量为51.80mg/kg,此时幼蟹达到最大值217.70%。  相似文献   

2.
为探讨饲料中添加不同含量枯草芽孢杆菌对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)幼蟹生长、消化酶活性及体成分的影响,以初始体质量为(25.74±0.51)mg的拟穴青蟹Ⅰ期仔蟹为试验对象,在基础饲料中分别添加0、0.1%和0.5%的枯草芽孢杆菌制成3种试验饲料,饲喂幼蟹3周。试验结果:添加枯草芽孢杆菌的组,拟穴青蟹幼蟹的终末平均体质量、体质量增长率、特定生长率和蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但两个不同添加量试验组间的差异不显著(P>0.05);添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著增强了幼蟹蛋白酶和淀粉酶的活性(P<0.05),对幼蟹的水分、粗蛋白和灰分含量均没有显著影响(P>0.05);添加0.5%枯草芽孢杆菌的试验组,幼蟹的脂肪含量显著高于其它试验组(P<0.05)。结果表明,在本试验条件下,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对拟穴青蟹幼蟹的生长有显著促进作用,对蛋白酶活性、淀粉酶活性和体粗脂肪含量也有显著影响,添加0.1%～0.5%的枯草芽孢杆菌对拟穴青蟹幼蟹有较好的促生长效果。  相似文献   

3.
采用2×6因子设计方法,以酪蛋白和明胶为蛋白源,分别配制了含1%和2%磷脂,6个氯化胆碱水平(0、250、500、1 000、2 000、4 000 mg/kg饲料)的12组等氮、等脂精制饲料,在室内水族箱条件下对体质量为(0.22±0.01)g的中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹进行为期6周的饲养试验,每处理组各设4个平行。结果表明:当饲料中胆碱的添加水平分别为1 000 mg/kg(1%的磷脂水平)和500 mg/kg(2%的磷脂水平)时,幼蟹的存活率均达到最高值,分别为89%和88%;幼蟹增重率和特定生长率均随着胆碱添加量的提高而显著升高(P<0.05);磷脂水平为1%时,1 000、2 000和4 000 mg/kg胆碱处理组的饲料系数显著低于0、250和500 mg/kg的处理组(P<0.05);磷脂水平为2%时,500 mg/kg和1 000 mg/kg胆碱处理组的饲料系数显著低于0 mg/kg处理组(P<0.05),但与250、2 000和4 000mg/kg处理组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);各试验组的全蟹粗脂肪含量、肝胰腺的甘油三酯含量、总胆固醇含量、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性,均随着饲料中胆碱量的增加而显著下降(P<0.05)。综上所述,中华绒螯蟹幼蟹饲料中磷脂和胆碱存在显著的交互作用,饲料中适量添加胆碱和磷脂,可以显著提高幼蟹的增重率和特定生长率,降低饲料系数以及蟹体脂肪含量。以增重率为判据,采用折线回归法进行分析,得出饲料中不同磷脂水平下幼蟹的胆碱适宜需要量分别为1 429.65 mg/kg饲料(磷脂水平1%时)和529.65 mg/kg饲料(磷脂水平2%)。  相似文献   

4.
本试验评估了投喂配合饲料和冰鲜饵料对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)池塘混养模式的影响。经过5个月的养殖试验,结果显示:配合饲料组与冰鲜饵料组抽样青蟹的平均规格、形体学指标、肝胰腺指数和性腺指数均无显著差异(P0.05)。配合饲料组的青蟹肌肉中粗蛋白含量显著高于冰鲜饵料组(P0.05)。配合饲料组青蟹胃蛋白酶、肠蛋白酶的活性显著高于冰鲜饵料组(P0.05),胃淀粉酶活性显著低于冰鲜饵料组(P0.05)。冰鲜饵料组池塘水体的氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、磷酸盐和总有机碳指标均高于配合饲料组(P0.05)。在属水平上,冰鲜饵料组水样中的海命菌属等7种微生物菌的平均相对丰度显著高于配合饲料组(P0.05);冰鲜饵料组底泥中的地杆菌属等8种微生物菌的平均相对丰度显著高于配合饲料组(P0.05)。配合饲料组每667 m~2总产量(蟹+虾+贝)和利润分别为374 kg和6 210元,比冰鲜饵料组分别增加5.9%和42.6%。投喂配合饲料可以提高拟穴青蟹围塘养殖效益,具有推广可行性。  相似文献   

5.
许明珠  张琴  董兰芳  童潼  谢达  苏琼 《水产科学》2020,39(2):175-181
在水温26~30℃,盐度18~22条件下,初始体质量(0.012±0.000)g的拟穴青蟹仔蟹饲养在底铺1~2 cm细沙、边缘放5 cm^2瓦片的塑料水桶(直径20 cm,水深20 cm)中,投喂以葡萄糖、蔗糖、糊精、木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉、糊化木薯淀粉和糊化玉米淀粉为糖源的7种等氮等能饲料,养殖3周,研究不同糖源对拟穴青蟹仔蟹生长、体组成及消化酶活性的影响。试验结果显示,不同糖源显著影响拟穴青蟹仔蟹的生长性能(P<0.05);质量增加率和特定生长率依次为糊化木薯淀粉>糊化玉米淀粉>木薯淀粉>玉米淀粉>糊精>蔗糖>葡萄糖;葡萄糖试验组的成活率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。不同糖源对拟穴青蟹仔蟹体组成中粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量影响显著(P<0.05),对仔蟹的水分和灰分含量影响不显著(P>0.05);不同糖源对3种消化酶活性影响显著(P<0.05)。拟穴青蟹仔蟹对大分子糖源的生物利用度要大于小分子糖源。在本试验的研究条件下,7种常见糖源中糊化木薯淀粉是拟穴青蟹仔蟹的最适糖源。  相似文献   

6.
实验用中华绒鳌蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹初始体质量为1.8 g左右.饲料A添加6%鱼肝油和4%大豆卵鳞脂(饲料含4.53%磷脂和1.08%HUFA),饲料B添加10%的猪油(饲料含0.39%磷脂和0.18%HUFA);实验蟹单个体饲养(可防止蜕壳期间蟹相互残杀而获得饲料外的营养源),雌蟹(F)、雄蟹(Lul)各60个,实验周期120 d.结果表明:两组饲料条件下,幼蟹的存活率、增重率、特定生长率、平均蜕壳次数、蜕壳间隔时间及肝胰腺指数均无显著差异(P>0.05).但无论是雌蟹还是雄蟹,A组幼蟹肝胰腺和肌肉的总脂含量显著低于B组(P<0.05),并且A组蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中磷脂、多不饱和脂肪酸和高度不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著高于B组(P<0.05).这表明,在中华绒鳌蟹幼蟹饲料中添加4.53%磷脂和1.08%HUFA对其存活、生长、蜕壳无显著影响,但可使其肝胰腺和肌肉中的总脂含量降低,而磷脂、多不饱和脂肪酸和高度不饱和脂肪酸的含量升高.本研究结果旨在为中华绒鳌蟹幼蟹的营养学研究提供理论依据,同时也为生产上幼蟹饲料的开发提供参考.  相似文献   

7.
饲料中不同蛋白含量对斑节对虾幼虾生长及消化酶的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
选用鱼粉、豆粕和大豆浓缩蛋白为主要蛋白源,配置6个蛋白质水平梯度(36%、38%、40%、42%、44%、46%)的饲料,对斑节对虾幼虾(1.03±0.02 g)进行56 d养殖实验,研究饲料中不同蛋白含量对斑节对虾幼虾生长及消化酶活性的影响。结果表明,(1)摄食40%蛋白饲料的斑节对虾的增重率(417.35%)和特定生长率(2.93%·d-1)获得最大值并显著高于36%蛋白饲料组(P<0.05),但与其它各组无显著差异。饲料蛋白水平在38%时的饲料系数(1.88)最低且与44%和46%蛋白饲料组存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。(2)虾体蛋白含量在44%饲料蛋白组最高,且显著高于36%、38%和42%组(P<0.05)。(3)斑节对虾的蛋白质表观消化率在42%蛋白组最高,44%和46%蛋白饲料组的蛋白质效率显著低于36%～42%蛋白饲料组(P<0.05)。(4)随着蛋白水平的提高,斑节对虾的蛋白酶活性呈现由高到低波动的趋势;淀粉酶活性随着饲料蛋白含量的升高而呈下降趋势,胃淀粉酶活性在38%～42%蛋白饲料组显著高于36%蛋白饲料组(P<0.05),肠淀粉酶活性在42%蛋白饲料组显著高于其它各组(P<0.05)。通过饲料中蛋白质含量与增重率的回归分析,斑节对虾幼虾饲料蛋白的适宜含量为39.70%。  相似文献   

8.
以初始体重为(34.15±0.33)g的鲈鱼Lateolabrax japonicus为研究对象,鱼粉和酪蛋白作为蛋白源,设计并制成蛋白质梯度分别为35%、40%、45%、50%、55%的5组配合饲料,进行为期56 d的生长试验,探讨配合饲料中不同蛋白质水平对鲈鱼生长、体组成及蛋白酶活力的影响。结果表明,各组鲈鱼存活率为91.7%-96.7%,无显著差异(P0.05);随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,鲈鱼的特定生长率逐渐升高,当饲料蛋白质水平达到45%时趋于稳定,且饲料蛋白45%、50%、55%组试验的特定生长率显著高于35%组(P0.05);蛋白质沉积率呈先上升后下降的趋势,当饲料蛋白质水平达到45%时达到最大值;饲料蛋白质水平对鲈鱼鱼体水分含量无显著性影响(P0.05),鲈鱼鱼体粗蛋白含量随着饲料蛋白水平提高而增加,粗灰分、粗脂肪含量则呈减少趋势;随饲料蛋白质水平提高,胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的活性呈升高趋势,肝脏组织中谷草转氨酶的活性呈现升高趋势,而谷丙转氨酶的活性没有显著性变化(P0.05)。饲料中蛋白水平为45.00%-45.89%,其生长及蛋白沉积率最高。  相似文献   

9.
以初始平均体质量为(3.69±0.05)g的克氏原螯虾幼虾为研究对象,配制蛋白质水平分别为27.72%、30.09%、33.05%、35.31%和37.57%的5种等能、等脂的配合饲料,进行为期47 d的饲养试验,探索饲料中不同蛋白质水平对克氏原螯虾生长性能、肌肉质构特性、常规营养成分及氨基酸组成和含量的影响。结果表明:随着饲料蛋白质水平的增加,克氏原螯虾的增重率和特定生长率呈先上升后降低的趋势,其中饲料蛋白质水平为30.09%组虾的增重率、特定生长率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);各组间饲料系数、虾体质量/体长比、肝体指数、得肉率以及成活率无差异统计学意义(P>0.05)。饲料蛋白质水平为27.72%组虾的肌肉硬度、咀嚼性显著高于饲料蛋白质水平为35.31%、37.57%组(P<0.05),饲料蛋白质水平为30.09%、33.05%组虾的肌肉弹性显著高于饲料蛋白质水平最低组(P<0.05),饲料蛋白质水平最高组虾的回复性显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),各组间虾肌肉内聚力无差异统计学意义(P>0.05)。随着饲料蛋白质水平的增加,克氏原螯虾的肌肉粗蛋白含量呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势,饲料蛋白质水平为35.31%、37.57%组虾的肌肉粗蛋白含量显著高于饲料蛋白质水平最低组(P<0.05);各组间虾的肌肉水分、粗脂肪、灰分含量差异不具统计学意义(P>0.05)。肌肉总氨基酸、总必需氨基酸、总非必需氨基酸以及亮氨酸、赖氨酸、天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸随饲料蛋白的升高均呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势。综合考虑生长性能、肌肉品质以及成本效益,建议克氏原螯虾饲料蛋白质水平为30.09%。  相似文献   

10.
为研究配合饲料在拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)-脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)混养模式中的应用效果,选取面积为5亩(15亩=1 hm2,下同)的青蟹-脊尾白虾混养池塘2口,分别投喂配合饲料+鲜杂饵料(试验塘)和鲜杂饵料(对照塘),开展为期70 d的养殖对比试验。结果显示:试验塘青蟹产量较对照塘增加33.5%,亩均效益提升28.3%,经济效益明显提高。试验塘青蟹的肌肉水分显著低于对照塘(P0.05),粗蛋白含量显著高于对照塘(P0.05);试验塘青蟹胃蛋白酶的活性相比于对照塘也有显著提升(P0.05)。试验表明,配合饲料在青蟹养殖实践中的应用具有可行性。  相似文献   

11.
A 56‐day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary cholesterol (CHOL) levels on growth performance, body composition and gene expression of juvenile mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated with 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2% and 1.6% CHOL supplemented, and the final dietary CHOL concentrations were 0.72%, 1.11%, 1.49% and 1.83% respectively. Each dietary treatment was performed with three replicates (28 crabs per replicate, initial body weight 0.04 g). At the termination of the experiment, although the survival had no statistic difference in all treatments, the mud crabs fed the lowest CHOL diet had the lowest survival rate. The weight gain (WG) of mud crab significantly increased with dietary CHOL level up to 1.11% and then significantly decreased with dietary CHOL level further increased. The total‐cholesterol (T‐CHOL) content in whole body had an increasing trend with the dietary CHOL level increased. Besides, dietary CHOL supplement generally increased the hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and the mud crabs fed diets CHOL1.11 and CHOL1.49 showed significantly higher value than those fed other diets. The hepatic aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity decreased slightly with dietary CHOL level up to 1.11% and then significantly increased with CHOL level further increased. The mRNA expression of ecdysone receptor (EcR) gene in the eyestalk obviously increased with dietary CHOL level up to 1.11% and then significantly decreased with dietary CHOL further increased. These results suggested that about 1.11% dietary CHOL seem fulfil to maintain good growth performance and healthy condition for juvenile S. paramamosain.  相似文献   

12.
An 18-week study was conducted to examine growth characteristics of the juvenile blue crab (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun) fed various levels of dietary protein. Hatchery raised individuals (157) of identical age (160 days) from the same gravid female were assigned to one of four dietary treatments: adult brine shrimp (Artemia salina Leach) and artificial pelleted diets containing crude protein levels of 23, 37, and 49%.Growth rate, measured as a function of mean weight and mean carapace width, indicated that brine shrimp-fed crabs were larger (P < 0.05) than crabs fed artificial pelleted diets. Also, blue crabs fed either 37 or 49% crude protein were larger than crabs fed the 23% crude protein diet. Molting frequency was greater in the brine shrimp-fed crabs than in those fed the artificial diets. No differences in growth were detected when comparing males vs. females fed the artificial diets. However, females demonstrated greater growth than males within the brine shrimp treatment. Protein concentration of freeze-dried whole blue crab carcasses was greater in brine shrimp-fed crabs than in crabs fed the artificial pelleted diets (P < 0.05).  相似文献   

13.
Four iso‐nitrogenous and iso‐lipidic diets were designed to investigate the effects of dietary phospholipids (PL) levels (with 0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% PL supplementation) on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in early juvenile green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). There were three replicates of 28 crabs (initial body weight from 42.02 to 42.44 mg) for each diet treatment, and growth trial lasted for 8 weeks. At the end of the growth trial, there was no significant difference in survival among all treatments. Crabs fed diet with 2% PL obtained highest weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate than other crabs. The molting frequency was not affected by different dietary PL addition. Besides, the contents of whole body lipid and long chain highly unsaturated fatty acids significantly increased with elevating dietary PL levels. In the hepatopancreas, crabs fed diet with 0% PL had significantly higher malondialdehyde concentration than other crabs. And crabs fed diet with 2% PL obtained significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity than crabs fed diets with 0% and 4% PL. Moreover, the mRNA expression of Na+/K+‐ATPase was significantly down‐regulated with dietary PL supplementation over 2%. Based on the second order polynomial regression analysis of WG, 2.37% dietary PL level was the optimal demand for early juvenile S. paramamosain. Moreover, we found crabs fed diet with 2% PL obtained better antioxidant capacity than other crabs.  相似文献   

14.
A 30‐day experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of phospholipids (PLs) on growth performance, survival, fatty acid profile and gene expression of the early juvenile (C1) swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus). Five semi‐purified diets were formulated with graded PLs levels (0%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%). Each diet was fed to four replicates of crabs (30 crabs per replicate, initial weight: 8.4 ± 0.1 mg). In this study, crabs fed diets with 2%, 4% and 8% PLs had significantly higher survival rates than crabs fed with 0% and 1% PLs. Crabs fed diets with 0% and 1% PLs had significant lower weight gain (WG) than crabs fed with 8% PLs. But crabs fed with diets containing 2%, 4% and 8% PLs showed no significant difference in WG. Besides, the content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in whole body was higher than that in diets, but the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content showed an opposite trend. The EPA and DHA content in whole body increased with the increase in dietary PLs. Moreover, the moulting number increased with the increasing dietary PLs levels, the lowest moulting number was observed in crabs fed diets without supplementation of PLs. The ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) was found to be significantly up‐regulated by PLs levels. This study demonstrated that 2% PLs could meet the requirement of early juvenile (C1) swimming crab based on the growth and survival. And 4%–8% PLs supplemented in diets could reduce the leaching of feed.  相似文献   

15.
We conducted large‐scale production trials in Seward, Alaska, USA to investigate effects of dietary astaxanthin supplementation on survival, growth and shell colouration of recently settled juvenile (C1–C4) red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus). We supplemented a control diet of commercial crustacean feeds with astaxanthin, and fed these diets to juvenile king crabs at densities of 2000 and 4000 crabs m?2 for 56 days. We assessed survival and growth by counting crabs and individually measuring carapace width and weighing crabs at the start and end of the experiment, and quantified crab colour (hue, saturation, brightness) in digital photographs. Diets containing astaxanthin had higher survival, suggesting that astaxanthin may provide nutritional or immune system benefits. Crabs had lower hue, higher saturation and lower brightness values when fed diets containing astaxanthin, suggesting that red king crab colouration is plastic and responds to diet. Astaxanthin is likely an important dietary component for hatchery or laboratory reared red king crab juveniles, and should be considered for aquaculture and other rearing of this and possibly other crustacean species.  相似文献   

16.
The protein requirement of juvenile mud crab Scylla serrata (body weight=0.25±0.051 g, carapace width=9.3±0.04 mm) fed with different iso-energetic, iso-lipidic diets with graded protein levels (15–55% crude protein at 5% intervals) was determined. The feeding trial was conducted for a period of 63 days to determine the minimum and optimum protein requirement of juvenile S. serrata . The crabs fed with 15% and 20% dietary protein levels showed 100% and 12.5% of mortalities respectively. The mortalities observed in the above treatments were associated with the prolonged intermoult duration (46 and 32 days respectively). All other treatments recorded 100% survival. The best growth performance as well as the nutrient turn-over was recorded in crabs fed with 45% crude protein in the diet. Second-order polynomial regression of specific growth rate (SGR) as well as body protein gain vs. dietary protein levels suggested that 46.9–47.03% dietary protein is required for the best growth response and protein deposition in juvenile S. serrata . An extrapolation of 'SGR' and 'daily protein gain' upon the 'dietary protein level' axis ( Y =0) showed that 14.7–16.2% dietary protein is necessary for the minimum maintenance metabolism.  相似文献   

17.
The main objective of this investigation was to study the lipid requirements of the early juvenile (C1) swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) based on growth performance, survival, moulting and fatty acid profile. Four test diets were formulated with graded lipid levels (3.63%, 6.70%, 10.72% and 13.91%). Each diet was fed to 4 replicates of crabs (30 crabs per replicate initial weight (8.4 ± 0.1 mg). In this study, crabs fed diets with 13.91% lipid had significantly (p < 0.05) higher survival than crabs fed with 3.63% lipid, but no significant (p > 0.05) improvement of survival was observed when dietary lipid increase from 6.70% to 13.91%. Crabs fed diets with 10.72% and 13.91% lipid had significant higher weight gain(WG) than crabs fed with 3.63% lipid. While crabs fed with diets containing 6.70%, 10.72% and 13.91% lipid showed no significant (p > 0.05) difference in weight gain(WG). Moreover, the lowest moulting number was observed in crabs fed diets with 3.63% lipid, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) among other groups. The content of LC‐PUFA and DHA in the crabs fed diets with 3.63% lipid was significant (p < 0.05) lower compared to other groups. But there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in EPA and ARA content among all groups. The activity of lipase increased as dietary lipid level increased (from 6.70% to 10.72%). However, beyond 10.72%, a significant (p < 0.05) decreased in lipase activity was observed. The regression analysis of weight gain data indicated that crab fed diet containing 10.47% lipid level is considered as optimum lipid level for its maximum growth and moulting process.  相似文献   

18.
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19.
The effects of varying levels of dietary cholesterol on growth, development time and survival of mud crab, Scylla serrata megalopa were investigated using semi-purified microbound diets (MBD). Five iso-energetic diets containing different level of cholesterol ranging from 0.14% to 1% of dry weight of the diet were tested. Fifteen megalopa were reared individually for each dietary treatment, and development time and survival were recorded on a daily basis. More than 25% of megalopa from all treatments were able to metamorphose into the first crab stage, suggesting that the endogenous level of cholesterol in the basal diet (0.14%) was sufficient to support development of the megalopa stage of this species. Widest mean carapace width (3.53 ± 0.08 mm) and highest mean dry weight (2.11 ± 0.22 mg) were recorded for juveniles that molted from megalopa fed live Artemia, whereas no megalopa in the unfed control treatment metamorphosed into crabs. The average development time from megalopa to the juvenile crab stage varied between the treatments, where megalopa fed live Artemia or MBD containing 0.2%, 0.4% or 0.8% total cholesterol showed the most synchronized molting (between 8.0 and 9.9 days). Longest development time was recorded for the megalopa fed diets containing 0.14% or 1% total cholesterol (both 11 days). Highest survival (74.3%) was recorded for the megalopa fed a diet containing 0.8% cholesterol. The results of this study are valuable in research to develop formulated diets for mud crab larvae as a replacement for live food in hatchery culture.  相似文献   

20.
Vitamin E supplement is important in protecting lipid oxidation and enhancing immunity of aquatic animals. A 10‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary lipid and vitamin E on juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The experimental diets included three levels of vitamin E (0, 100 and 300 mg kg?1) and two levels of lipid (6% and 9%). The 9% lipid diet significantly enhanced the body lipid of crabs compared with the 6% lipid diet. The vitamin E concentration of hepatopancreas increased with the increase in vitamin E in the diets regardless of dietary lipid levels. The hepatopancreas fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acid and highly unsaturated fatty acid, were significantly enhanced by vitamin E supplement or 9% dietary lipid. Vitamin E supplement significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, lysozyme and phenoloxidase activities of crabs compared with those fed the diets without vitamin E supplement. The hepatopancreas malondialdehyde of crabs fed 100 mg vitamin E kg?1 was significantly lower than those fed 0 or 300 mg vitamin E kg?1. The phenoloxidase activity of crabs fed the 9% lipid diet was significantly higher than those fed 6% lipid, irrespective of vitamin E levels. Vitamin E supplementation increased the bacterial resistance of juvenile crab. This study indicates that dietary lipid and vitamin E supplement do not affect crab growth and survival, but vitatmin E supplement at 100 mg kg?1 can enhance immunity and antioxidant capacity of crab fed 6% or 9% dietary lipids.  相似文献   

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