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草莓茎尖培养脱毒效果研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以草莓"丰香"品种为材料,利用匍匐茎剥取茎尖,以茎尖培养结合改良热处理、冷处理、二次脱毒等方法来进行草莓脱毒研究,用电镜及野生草莓小叶嫁接法进行鉴定,结果表明,草莓脱毒效果与剥取的茎尖大小有关,茎尖越小,脱毒效果越好.以0.5mm(毫米)大小剥取茎尖,直接剥取茎尖法不能够彻底清除病毒,而二次脱毒法、改良热处理 茎尖培养法、冷处理 茎尖培养法等获得的植株都没有检测到病毒,脱毒效果良好.其中改良热处理 茎尖培养法的茎尖成活率最高,达47.37%.因此最适宜的脱毒法为改良热处理 茎尖培养法,即先将草莓匍匐茎放在40℃热水中处理4h(小时),再剥取≤0.5mm(毫米)大小的茎尖进行培养,脱毒效果良好. 相似文献
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为进一步优化葡萄试管苗脱毒体系,以携带葡萄蚕豆萎蔫病毒（GFabV）、沙地葡萄茎痘相关病毒（GRSPaV）、葡萄灰比诺病毒（GPGV）、葡萄卷叶相关病毒–3(GLRaV-3)和葡萄病毒E(GVE)共5种病毒的‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄试管苗为材料,研究了热处理方式和时间以及热处理后茎尖和腋芽培养对脱毒的影响。结果表明,热处理方式影响试管苗的存活率和脱毒效率,以38℃/光照8 h+32℃/黑暗8 h变温处理效果最佳,其次为38℃/光照16 h+32℃/黑暗8 h变温处理以及38℃恒温/（光照16 h+黑暗8 h）处理。取38℃/光照8 h+32℃/黑暗8 h热处理10、15、20、25、30和40 d的试管苗1.5 mm左右的茎尖和茎尖下第1、2腋芽接种培养,茎尖存活率高于腋芽,繁殖成苗后检测,均脱除了上述5种病毒,其中热处理10 d的平均脱毒率为52.38%,25和30 d的脱毒率均达100%;随热处理时间延长,接种茎尖和腋芽的存活率下降,故热处理时间以25 d为宜。 相似文献
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草莓病毒脱除方法的比较与评价 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以感染病毒的草莓品种宝交早生为试材,利用多重RT-PCR同时检测SMoV和SMYEV技术,对茎尖培养、热处理、抗病毒药剂处理3种脱毒方法进行了比较和评价,以期为草莓脱毒苗培育提供重要参考.结果表明,0.2mn茎尖和0.5 mm茎尖都能够有效地脱除SMoV和SMYEV;热处理能够脱除草莓试管苗中的SMoV,但不能脱除SMYEv,39℃恒温处理30 d,SMoV脱除率达到63.0%;利巴韦林不能清除草莓植株体内的SMov和SMYEV.综合脱毒率和茎尖分化成苗率2个指标,认为0.5 mm茎尖培养是适宜的草莓病毒脱除方法. 相似文献
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研究2种脱毒方法对新疆大蒜的脱毒效果,为进一步完善新疆白皮蒜和红皮蒜的脱毒快繁体系提供依据.采用热处理结合茎尖组培、热处理结合气生鳞茎的鳞茎盘组培等方法进行脱毒试验.结果表明,MS培养基添加1.7 mg/L左右的6-BA和0.3 mg/L左右的NAA有利于新疆白皮蒜与红皮蒜的茎尖组织培养.茎尖组织脱毒培养时以0.5 mm大小的茎尖成活率高,脱毒率可达100％.白皮蒜与红皮蒜气生鳞茎的鳞茎盘组培的脱毒率分别为58％～86％和54％～85％.新疆白皮蒜和红皮蒜茎尖组织培养脱毒效果优于气生鳞茎的鳞茎盘组织培养脱毒,茎尖脱毒时剥取茎尖的大小以0.5 mm的脱毒率可达100％,气生鳞茎通过鳞茎盘组织培养也具有一定的脱毒效果,设想可将气生鳞茎与茎尖组培结合起来脱毒,剥取的茎尖大小可以大于0.5 mm,这样可以提高茎尖组织培养的效率而又不影响脱毒率,并且可将生产周期缩短为1～2年. 相似文献
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梨树苹果茎沟病毒的脱毒技术研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
１９９３—１９９６年,采用热处理材料茎尖培养及试管苗热处理方法,对１３个梨品种及矮化砧材料进行苹果茎沟病毒脱毒试验的结果表明,二者对茎沟病毒的脱除率分别较单纯茎尖培养高５７．０％和６２．４％。脱毒苗生根率和移栽成活率分别达７０％和８０％。 相似文献
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为解决红芽芋脱毒苗移栽成活率低、种苗易分化等问题，以江西地方名优芋品种‘铅山红芽芋’为材料，开展茎尖脱毒、试管芋诱导及植株再生的研究。结果表明，芋芽剥取0.2 ~ 1.0 mm茎尖接种于MS + 2.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg • L-1 NAA + 3%蔗糖培养基中可诱导成苗；通过RT-PCR分子检测，0.3 mm以下茎尖培养的试管苗中未发现芋花叶病毒（DsMV）；脱毒苗继代增殖最佳诱导培养基为MS + 3.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg • L-1 NAA + 3%蔗糖，脱毒苗试管芋诱导的最佳培养基为MS + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg • L-1 NAA + 8%蔗糖，最佳培养条件为温度25 ℃，光照54 μmol • m-2 • s-1，光周期14 h • d-1；脱毒试管芋的最佳移栽驯化基质为草炭︰蛭石 = 2︰1；脱毒试管芋移栽后，成活率达97.71%，生长中未出现分化现象。脱毒芋相比未脱毒芋增产43.14%，营养品质指标存在显著差异。脱毒试管芋的诱导形成及植株再生体系的建立为红芽芋健康种苗的快速繁殖提供了一条新途径。 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
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多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献
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HU Zhi-cheng ZHU Jia-yuan ZHU Bin GUO Dong CHEN Bin ZHANG Kai HU Kun-hua LI Ming-tao TANG Bing 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1802-1806
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars. 相似文献
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AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
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Duncan Brean W. Boyle Shannon Breininger David R. Schmalzer Paul A. 《Landscape Ecology》1999,14(3):291-309
Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere. 相似文献
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AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis. 相似文献