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1.
柽柳新品种耐盐能力试验研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
东柽1号和东柽2号是东营市林业科技人员选育的柽柳新品种,具有干性强、枝繁叶茂、生长期长、花量少、绿化美化效果好等特点。本文以中国柽柳为对照,对东柽1号和东柽2号在6个土壤含盐梯度4g.kg-1、8g.kg-1、12g.kg-1、16g.kg-1、20g.kg-1、25g.kg-1下进行了耐盐栽植试验,调查栽植成活率和生长量。结果表明东柽1号、2号耐盐力优于中国柽柳,在土壤含盐量8g.kg-1以下,生长正常。土壤含盐量达20g.kg-1时,东柽1号、东柽2号的造林成活率达50%和46.6%,苗高生长量为80cm和92cm,地径生长量为1.3cm和0.9cm。 相似文献
2.
以55个核桃楸无性系为试验材料,进行苗高、地径等性状的方差分析,并估算出其遗传相关和遗传力及指数选择等遗传参数。结果表明:5年生核桃楸优树的优良无性系分别为1-6号、河南1号、河南2号。这3个核桃楸优良无性系苗高和地径的遗传力分别为0.72和0.76,苗高和地径遗传增益分别为23.90%和36.04%。核桃楸优良无性系的苗高和地径受到亲本优树选择影响非常有效,优良无性系的选育非常成功。 相似文献
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选择了30个杨树无性系品种进行苗期试验,调查了其1 a的胸径、树高生长量,初步评价了30个杨树无性系的适应性。结果表明：杨树各无性系胸径、树高生长量均达到极显著水平;按分层聚类法将杨树品种分为4类,优良种和良种占到66%,其平均树高、胸径分别高出群体平均值9.18%,20.48%;群体无性系胸径遗传力为0.90,单株遗传力为0.76;树高遗传力为0.94,单株遗传力为0.84;胸径、树高无性系遗传增益分别为2.6%,6.3%. 相似文献
5.
通过对白城市林木良种繁育场的樟子松15个半同胞家系子代3 a生苗高和地径生长量进行测定及分析,结果表明:不同半同胞家系子代的苗高和地径生长量差异均达到极显著水平(p0.01),15个家系中苗高大于对照的占73.3%,地径大于对照的占86.7%,苗高遗传力为59.1%,地径遗传力为66.7%。按子代苗苗高、地径生长量大于对照10%的标准筛选6个优良半同胞家系,其中,63号家系的苗高和地径生长最快,分别为12.02 cm和0.63 cm,6个家系的平均苗高、地径分别为10.75 cm、0.57 cm,与CK相比较,其遗传增益分别为22.32%、21.03%。 相似文献
6.
《西部林业科学》2020,(4)
对云南松无性系种子园93个无性系子代林9年生的测定表明:云南松无性系子代林生长量明显高于对照,无性系子代林的树高、地径、单株材积、冠幅和枝下高平均值分别超过对照9.79%、15.94%、49.17%、17.35%和7.64%,大于对照的分别有81个、87个、84个、85个和84个无性系子代。子代林树高、地径、单株材积和冠幅的广义遗传力较高,在6.80%～9.42%之间,而枝下高的较低(3.02%)。子代林的树高、地径、单株材积、冠幅和枝下高等诸性状间存在紧密的正相关,这些性状在各无性系间存在着极显著的差异,采用系统聚类法可将无性系分为优良、良好、一般、较差和劣质共5类。筛选出优良无性系有84、58、56、52、41、70、47、39、55、34、75、71、79、45、69、35、65、91、64、57、37、88和32共23个,其树高、地径、单株材积的平均实际增益分别为20.95%、27.51%和87.70%,遗传增益分别为1.58%、2.59%和6.64%;良好无性系有49、42、90、89、53、51、78、44、66、38、85、82、40、67、36、63、28、60、62、46、43、61、29、54、48、72、50、83、9、30、20、16、33和6号共34个,其树高、地径、单株材积的平均实际增益分别为14.12%、19.01%和57.89%,遗传增益分别为1.06%、1.79%和4.38%。 相似文献
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南方型杨树新无性系生长对比试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以5年生54个南方型杨树无性系为材料,对其胸径、树高和材积生长量进行对比分析。结果表明:不同杨树无性系胸径、树高均存在极显著性差异,且受遗传控制较强,广义遗传力分别为0.846 5和0.605 0,遗传变异系数分别为13.95%、3.25%。不同杨树无性系胸径、树高连年生长量呈先增长后降低的趋势,造林后第3年平均年生长量最大,5年生时林木材积累积量均处于快速增长阶段。杨树无性系LA09-N56、LA06-N30、LA09-N23、TN01-49具有树皮光滑、干形通直,落叶晚等特征,与目前湖区普遍应用的良种XL-80、XL-90、XL-75生长量相当,均表现优良,且适宜长江及洞庭湖区滩地生长。 相似文献
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水曲柳种子园10年生半同胞子代家系树高、胸径和材积之间差异极显著;在参试的15个家系中树高有13个超过对照,生长量最大的是对照的1.15倍。胸径均超过对照,生长量最大的家系是对照的1.41倍。材积均超过对照,生长量最大的家系是对照的2.40倍;树高、胸径、材积家系遗传力分别是0.11、0.40、0.20,以材积显著大于对照为主要依据,参考树高、胸径两性状的表现,综合评选出7、4、9号3个优良家系,分别比对照,树高提高12.4%~14.8%,胸径提高32.7%~41.1%,材积提高120%~140%。7号家系各项指标均排在第一位,为最优家系;从15个家系中选出1个、2个、3个优良家系,其实生后代10年生时,树高能获得0.7%~0.9%的遗传增益,胸径能获得5%~7%的遗传增益,材积能获得6%~8%的遗传增益。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
15.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
16.
Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
17.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
19.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
20.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献