Accurate and Precise Measurement of Organic Carbon Content in Carbonate-Rich Soils     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(21):2707-2720

Accurate measurement of soil organic carbon (SOC) is dependent on precise and fast methods for the separation of organic and inorganic carbon. The widely used methods involving thermal decomposition of soil samples at a specific temperature in an automated carbon (C) analyzer are susceptible to interference by carbonates and overestimation of organic C, and thus removal of carbonates by acid pretreatment of samples is recommended. Two carbonate-removal pretreatments including hydrochloric (HCl) acid addition and HCl fumigation are compared using the calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) standard and soil samples of varying SOC contents. Both pretreatment methods provided similar measurements of organic C, indicating that both methods are efficient in removal of carbonates present in the soil. However, the HCl fumigation method exhibited greater accuracy and precision compared to the HCl addition method. Hence, SOC measurement procedure involving HCl fumigation as a pretreatment for the removal of carbonates is recommended for carbonate-rich soils.  相似文献   

石羊河流域干旱荒漠区人工梭梭林对土壤碳库的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

尚雯  李德禄  魏林源  马全林  唐进年  李银科  张芝萍  张卫星  高松涛 《水土保持学报》2018,32(3):191-198

采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,研究石羊河流域民勤干旱沙区种植人工梭梭林4,13,36年后的土壤有机碳(Soil organic carbon,SOC)、无机碳(Soil inorganic carbon,SIC)、全氮(Total nitrogen,TN)和总碳(soil total carbon,TC)含量及储量变化特征。结果表明:流动沙地种植梭梭后,0-50cm层灌丛下和行间SOC和TN含量总体随造林年限增加而增加,5-50cm层灌丛下SIC含量在13年梭梭林地最高。36,13年林地0-50cm层灌丛下SOC和TN储量均高于行间,而13年灌丛下SIC储量低于行间,4年灌丛下5-50cm层SOC、TN和SIC储量均低于行间。0-50cm层土壤有机碳、无机碳、全氮储量增幅分别为102.44%,24.66%,54.55%,36年林地SOC和TN储量随土层加深先降低后增加,但4,13年和流动沙地SOC、SIC和TN储量均随土层加深而增加。土壤有机碳占总碳比例随造林年限增加而增加。相关分析结果表明,土壤颗粒组成、造林年限、土层深度等与土壤有机碳和全氮储量显著相关(P0.01)。民勤干旱沙区造林提高了土壤碳库截存量,并且随林龄增长而增长。  相似文献   

Neoformation of pedogenic carbonate and conservation of lithogenic carbonate by farming practices and their contribution to carbon sequestration in soil     

《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(4):454-463

Land use change, tillage practices and straw incorporation are known to affect soil organic carbon (SOC) as well as soil inorganic carbon (SIC) turnover in agricultural soils. SOC and SIC, particularly pedogenic carbonates (PC), were assessed in a semi‐humid region of China to a depth of 160 cm. δ¹³C values were used to calculate the percentage of PC and lithogenic carbonates (LC) in the total SIC. Over the 39‐y period of intensive agriculture including 14 y of tillage × straw experiment, three treatments, i.e ., tillage with wheat and maize straw return (TWM), tillage with wheat straw return (TW), and wheat and maize straw return with no‐tillage (WM) showed an increase of PC compared to a native plantation plot (NP). The significantly higher SOC stock via no‐tillage was limited to top 1 m soil and there was no significant difference between tillage and no‐tillage treatments at 0–160 cm depth. The changes of SOC caused by the tillage and maize straw addition were negligible compared to the gain in PC. Tillage, crop residues incorporation and irrigation played an important role in the turnover of PC and LC. SIC accumulation resulted from combination of neoformation of PC and conservation of LC. Neoformation of silicatic PC sequestered at least 0.49, 0.47, and 0.29 Mg C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ in TWM, TW, and WM treatments, respectively, with reference to NP plot. We concluded that to evaluate the long term impacts of land use and farming practices on soil C storage, change of pedogenic and lithogenic carbonates and soil organic carbon in deeper soil profiles should be integrated on regional and global scales.  相似文献   

Soil Organic Carbon and Inorganic Carbon Accumulation Along a 30‐year Grassland Restoration Chronosequence in Semi‐arid Regions (China)     

《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2017,28(1):189-198

Carbon accumulation is an important research topic for grassland restoration. It is requisite to determine the dynamics of the soil carbon pools [soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC)] for understanding regional carbon budgets. In this study, we chose a grassland restoration chronosequence (cropland, 0 years; grasslands restored for 5, 15 and 30 years, i.e. RG5, RG15 and RG30, respectively) to compare the SOC and SIC pools in different soil profiles. Our results showed that SOC stock in the 0‐ to 100‐cm soil layer showed an initial decrease in RG5 and then an increase to net C gains in RG15 and RG30. Because of a decrease in the SIC stock, the percentage of SOC stock in the total soil C pool increased across the chronosequence. The SIC stock decreased at a rate of 0·75 Mg hm⁻² y⁻¹. The change of SOC was higher in the surface (0–10 cm, 0·40 Mg hm⁻² y⁻¹) than in the deeper soil (10–100 cm, 0·33 Mg hm⁻² y⁻¹) in RG5. The accumulation of C commenced >5 years after cropland conversion. Although the SIC content decreased, the SIC stock still represented a larger percentage of the soil C pool. Moreover, the soil total carbon showed an increasing trend during grassland restoration. Our results indicated that the soil C sequestration featured an increase in SOC, offsetting the decrease in SIC at the depth of 0–100 cm in the restored grasslands. Therefore, we suggest that both SOC and SIC should be considered during grassland restoration in semi‐arid regions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Impacts of land use and salinization on soil inorganic and organic carbon in the middle-lower Yellow River Delta     

Yang GUO  Xiujun WANG  Xianglan LI  Minggang XU  Yuan LI  Haonan ZHENG  Yongming LUO  Pete SMITH 《土壤圈》2021,31(6):839-848

Soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is an important reservoir of carbon (C) in arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid regions. However, knowledge is incomplete on the dynamics of SIC and its relationship with soil organic C (SOC) under different land use types in the semi-humid region, particularly in coastal zones impacted by soil salinization. We collected 170 soil samples from 34 profiles across various land use types (maize-wheat, cotton, paddy, and reed) in the middle-lower Yellow River Delta (YRD), China. We measured soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water-soluble salts, and SOC and SIC contents. Our results showed significant differences in both SOC and SIC among land use types. The dry cropland (maize-wheat and cotton) soils had significantly higher SOC and SIC densities (4.71 and 15.46 kg C m^-2, respectively) than the paddy soils (3.28 and 14.09 kg C m^-2, respectively) in the 0–100 cm layer. Compared with paddy soils, reed soils contained significantly higher SOC (4.68 kg C m^-2) and similar SIC (15.02 kg C m^-2) densities. There was a significant positive correlation between SOC and SIC densities over a 0–100 cm soil depth in dry cropland soils, but a negative relationship in the paddy soils. On average, SOC and SIC densities under maize-wheat cropping were 15% and 4% lower, respectively, in the salt-affected soils in the middle-lower YRD than the upper YRD. This study indicated that land use types had great influences on both SOC and SIC and their relationship, and salinization had adverse effect on soil C storage in the YRD.  相似文献   

Aggregate-associated soil organic carbon and total nitrogen following amendment of puddled and sawah-managed rice soils in southeastern Nigeria     

Charles A. Igwe  John C. Nwite  Kingsley U. Agharanya  Yoshinori Watanabe  Sunday E. Obalum  Chinyere B. Okebalama 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):859-874

Puddling during sawah rice cultivation destabilizes the soil structure. The re-formation of soil water-stable aggregates (WSA) following puddling and amendments, and their associated organic carbon (SOC) and total N were studied at Akaeze and Ikwo in south-eastern Nigeria. The amendments, which were randomized in triplicate, include control, NPK fertilizer, poultry dropping, rice husk powder and rice husk ashes (RHA). Soil samples from 0 to 15 cm depth were taken from the field after 2 years of cultivation. Most of the SOC were found in the very fine aggregates. There was no consistent trend in the treatment effects. However, the NPK-amended soils showed the lowest values of WSA > 2 mm in both locations, whereas the poultry dropping-amended soils showed the least and the highest mean-weight diameter (MWD) values at Akaeze and Ikwo, respectively. The SOC of the whole soil in Akaeze correlated positively with MWD (r = 0.92*). Irrespective of location, SOC in soils and WSA > 2.00 mm correlated positively with MWD (r = 0.56*; 0.65*, respectively) while SOC in WSA 0.50–0.25 mm accounted for low MWD values. More carbon was sequestered at Akaeze than at Ikwo, with the RHA-amended soils being the highest at both locations.  相似文献   

评估烧失量测定法测定中国西北干旱土壤有机和无机碳的研究     

WANG Jia-Ping  WANG Xiu-Jun  ZHANG Juan 《土壤圈》2013,23(5):593-599

There is a need for determinations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and inorganic carbon (SIC) due to increasing interest in soil carbon sequestration. Two sets of soil samples were collected separately from the Yanqi Basin of northwest China to evaluate loss-on-ignition (LOI) method for estimating SOC and SIC in arid soils through determining SOC using an element analyzer, a modified Walkley-Black method and a LOI method with combustion at 375℃ for 17 h and determining SIC using a pressure calcimeter method and a LOI procedure estimated by a weight loss between 375 to 800℃. Our results indicated that the Walkley-Black method provided 99%recovery of SOC for the arid soils tested. There were strong linear relationships(r > 0.93, P < 0.001) for both SOC and SIC between the traditional method and the LOI technique. One set of soil samples was used to develop relationships between LOI and SOC(by the Walkley-Black method), and between LOI and SIC(by the pressure calcimeter method), and the other set of soil samples was used to evaluate the derived equations by comparing predicted SOC and SIC with measured values. The mean absolute errors were small for both SOC (1.7 g C kg-1) and SIC(1.22 g C kg-1), demonstrating that the LOI method was reliable and could provide accurate estimates of SOC and SIC for arid soils.  相似文献   

Effect of exogenous substances on soil organic and inorganic carbon sequestration under maize stover addition     

Huili Zhao  Yanlong Chen  Jinjin Dong  Jianglan Shi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):591-598

ABSTRACT

Soil organic carbon (SOC) and inorganic carbon (SIC) are important carbon reservoirs in terrestrial ecosystems. A large portion of carbon from stover enters the atmosphere after stover return. However, there is little information on soil carbon sequestration during stover decomposition. In this study, a 54-day incubation experiment was conducted in calcareous soil to investigate the effects of wood ash or oil shale application (1.2 w/w%) on CO₂ emissions, soil C content, and other soil chemical properties. Four treatments were compared: (i) no maize stover addition; (ii) 1.5% maize stover; (iii) 1.5% maize stover plus 1.2% wood ash; and (iv) 1.5% maize stover plus 1.2% oil shale. Wood ash addition decreased CO₂ emission as a result of enhanced SIC sequestration in soil amended with maize stover; oil shale enhanced SOC due to increased carbon input from recalcitrant oil shale. Wood ash addition also significantly increased soil pH and soil microbial biomass carbon. The addition of wood ash to soil may be a potential strategy for promoting inorganic carbon storage and mitigating CO₂ emissions after stover return. In addition, oil shale is a very stable C source and oil shale amendment could be an ef?cient, long-term strategy to sequester organic C in soils.  相似文献   

人工樟子松林对毛乌素沙地土壤颗粒组成和固碳效果的长期影响     

王丽梅  张谦  白利华  马爱生  张红  李利敏  张建国  付广军  董强 《水土保持通报》2019,39(4):89-96

[目的]探讨人工樟子松林对毛乌素沙地土壤颗粒组成和固碳的长期影响,为综合评价沙地植被恢复的生态环境效应提供科学依据。[方法]选择毛乌素沙地东南缘人工栽植21,36和56 a的樟子松林和流沙地为采样地,对0—30 cm的土壤进行了分层取样分析,以探讨人工林建设对半干旱荒漠区土壤颗粒组成及不同粒级含碳量的长期影响。[结果]随着栽植年限的增加,土壤颗粒呈逐渐细化的趋势,且表层(0—5 cm)细颗粒含量均高于下层(5—30 cm)。造林后土壤有机碳(SOC)和无机碳(SIC)含量均显著增加,最高值分别是流沙地的4.90倍和4.32倍;栽植年限对SOC含量和土壤有机碳密度(SOCD)的影响大于SIC含量和土壤无机碳密度(SICD)。相对于流沙地,各粒级SOC,SIC含量均在栽植56 a样地增幅最大,且均在细砂粒组分中增幅最大。团聚体和粉黏粒有机碳含量与土壤总有机碳含量之间存在显著的线性相关关系(p0.01),粗砂粒和粉黏粒有机碳对总有机碳的贡献率和粉黏粒无机碳对总无机碳的贡献率较为显著(p0.05)。[结论]随着樟子松栽植年限的增加,土壤团聚体、粉黏粒含量和土壤固碳能力均显著提高。  相似文献   

荒漠草原沙漠化对土壤无机碳和有机碳的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李巧玲  阎欣  吴秀芝  王波  刘任涛  安慧 《水土保持学报》2019,33(1):98-103,110

以空间代替时间的方法,通过对宁夏荒漠草原不同沙漠化阶段土壤有机碳(SOC)和无机碳(SIC)的研究,探讨荒漠草原沙漠化对土壤SIC、SOC及不同粒径组分土壤SIC、SOC分布特征的影响。结果表明:(1)随着荒漠草原沙漠化程度的加剧,0—10cm土层各粒径组分土壤SIC和SOC含量呈下降趋势。半固定沙地和流动沙地各粒径组分土壤SIC含量均表现为黏粉粒无机碳(CSIC)>细砂粒无机碳(FIC)>粗砂粒无机碳(CIC),而SOC含量均表现为细砂粒有机碳(FOC)>粗砂粒有机碳(COC)>黏粉粒有机碳(CSOC)。(2)随着荒漠草原沙漠化程度的加剧,0—30cm土层土壤无机碳(SICD)、土壤有机碳(SOCD)和土壤总碳(STCD)密度均表现为荒漠草原>固定沙地>半固定沙地>流动沙地。固定沙地、半固定沙地和流动沙地土壤SOCD、SICD分别比荒漠草原降低了18.5%,57.7%,60.5%和6.7%,35.9%,47.0%。(3)0—10cm土层各粒径组分土壤SOC和SIC含量、全土SOC含量与0—30cm土层SOC和SIC均呈显著正相关关系,其中土壤粗砂粒有机碳和粗砂粒无机碳对SOC影响最大,而土壤黏粉粒有机碳和黏粉粒无机碳与全土SIC含量呈显著负相关关系。因此,沙漠化防治对于减少荒漠草原土壤碳损失极为重要。  相似文献   

长期不同施肥对新疆荒漠农田土壤碳含量及其剖面分布的影响          下载免费PDF全文

向姣  王著峰  王玉刚  冯文婷 《水土保持学报》2022,36(4):333-341

以建于1990年的新疆阜康荒漠生态系统观测研究站的长期施肥定位试验为平台，分析了不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（化肥常规NPK和化肥高量N2P2K）、化肥配施秸秆（化肥配施秸秆常规NPKS和化肥配施秸秆高量NPKS2）和化肥配施猪粪（NPKM）对农田土壤有机碳和无机碳含量与剖面分布及有机碳热稳定性的影响。结果表明：（1）长期施肥处理提高了土壤有机碳含量，其中耕层（0—20 cm）土壤有机碳响应最敏感，化肥配施秸秆还田处理下有机碳积累高于其他处理。（2）长期施肥处理均降低土壤有机碳稳定性，表明增加的土壤有机碳并不利于碳稳定。（3）长期施肥处理降低土壤无机碳含量，其降低程度随剖面呈下降趋势，可能由于灌溉淋洗导致深层土壤无机碳的净增加。（4）尽管长期施肥促进土壤有机碳累积，但由于降低无机碳含量及其储量，最终导致土壤全碳降低，表明土壤无机碳变化对干旱区土壤碳库变化具有决定性作用。结果表明，深入理解施肥措施对干旱区盐碱土的碳影响，需要同时考虑不同深度土壤有机碳和无机碳含量的变化。  相似文献   

Effect of Graded Levels of Surface Crop Residue Application Under Minimum Tillage on Carbon Pools and Carbon Lability Index in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)-Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) System in Rainfed Alfisols     

K. L. Sharma  Ch. Srinivasarao  D. Suma Chandrika  Munna Lal  A. K. Indoria  Pravin B. Thakur 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(21):2506-2513

A long term experiment (2005–2012) was conducted in rainfed semi-arid tropical Alfisol at Hayathnagar Research Farm of Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India. The aim of this experiment was to study the long-term impacts of graded levels of surface crop residue application on carbon (C) pools, aggregate associated C, C lability index and their relationship with crop yield. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with minimum tillage (MT). Experimental treatments comprised of four levels of surface application of sorghum crop residues (@ 0, 2, 4 and 6 t ha^?1). The test crops, sorghum and cowpea, were grown in rotation yearly. Based on the pooled analysis of long term data (2005–2012), the study revealed that the surface application of sorghum residue @ 6 t ha^?1 and 4 t ha^?1 recorded 21% and 16% higher sorghum grain yields, respectively over control (no residue) whereas, the corresponding increase in the cowpea yield was 50% and 60%, respectively. Besides, the concentrations of soil organic carbon (SOC), inorganic carbon (IC), total carbon (TC), particulate organic carbon (POC) in the top surface soil (upper layer, 0–5cm depth) were found significantly higher than the sub-surface soil (lower layers, 5–15 cm depth) in all the treatments. Storage of soil C was assessed in soil aggregates fractions, and it was found that the smaller size aggregate fractions (0.053mm) contained significantly (p = 0.05) higher content of SOC compared to the large sized fractions (2 mm). The amount of very labile fraction of C extracted with 12 N H₂SO₄ was significantly higher (1.04 g kg^?1) with the application of sorghum stover @ 6t ha-¹ compared to other residue level treatments, in the 0-5 cm soil layer. The Lability Index (LI) increased with the increase in the amount of residues applied and was significantly higher in the surface soils compared to subsurface soil. The results of this study will be highly relevant and of significant value from the view point of managing SOC and its different pools in soil under abiotically stressed semiarid tropical Alfisols soils.  相似文献   

Contrast effect of long-term fertilization on SOC and SIC stocks and distribution in different soil particle-size fractions     

Xinliang Dong  Qiuyu Hao  Guitong Li  Qimei Lin  Xiaorong Zhao 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(4):1054-1063

  相似文献   

Clay,Organic Carbon,Available P and Calcium Carbonate Effects on Phosphorus Release and Sorption–Desorption Kinetics in Alluvial Soils     

Dhram Prakash  D. K. Benbi  G. S. Saroa 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(1):92-106

Information on phosphorus (P) release kinetics and sorption–desorption in soils is important for understanding how quickly reaction approaches equilibrium and replenishes the depleted soil solution. Laboratory experiments were conducted to study the P release and sorption–desorption kinetics in soils differing in clay, soil organic carbon (SOC), available P, and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) contents. Phosphorus release from soils proceeded in two phases: initially faster phase followed by a slower phase as equilibration progressed. Elovich equation (R² ≥ 0.97**) described well the P release versus time data. P release coefficients for power function were significantly correlated with available P and SOC. Freundlich sorption constants increased with increase in clay and CaCO₃ content. With increase in SOC and available P concentration in soils, substantial reduction in sorption constants was observed. It was concluded that for efficient P management, it is important to take into account soil texture, the existing soil P level, SOC content, and soil calcareousness.  相似文献   

CO₂ emission and source partitioning from carbonate and non-carbonate soils during incubation     

Yi ZHAO  Roland BOL  Zhaoan SUN  Yuping ZHUGE  Xiaoxia SHI  Wenliang WU  Fanqiao MENG 《土壤圈》2022,32(3):452-462

The accurate quantification and source partitioning of CO₂ emitted from carbonate (i.e., Haplustalf) and non-carbonate (i.e., Hapludult) soils are critically important for understanding terrestrial carbon (C) cycling. The two main methods to capture CO₂ released from soils are the alkali trap method and the direct gas sampling method. A 25-d laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to compare the efficacies of these two methods to analyze CO₂ emissions from the non-carbonate and carbonate-rich soils. An isotopic fraction was introduced into the calculations to determine the impacts on partitioning of the sources of CO₂ into soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and into C₃ and/or C4 plant-derived SOC. The results indicated that CO₂ emissions from the non-carbonate soil measured using the alkali trap and gas sampling methods were not significantly different. For the carbonate-rich soil, the CO₂ emission measured using the alkali trap method was significantly higher than that measured using the gas sampling method from the 14th day of incubation onwards. Although SOC and SIC each accounted for about 50% of total soil C in the carbonate-rich soil, SOC decomposition contributed 57%–72% of the total CO₂ emitted. For both non-carbonate and carbonate-rich soils, the SOC derived from C4 plants decomposed faster than that originated from C₃ plants. We propose that for carbonate soil, CO₂ emission may be overestimated using the alkali trap method because of decreasing CO₂ pressure within the incubation jar, but underestimated using the direct gas sampling method. The gas sampling interval and ambient air may be important sources of error, and steps should be taken to mitigate errors related to these factors in soil incubation and CO₂ quantification studies.  相似文献   

Landuse impacts on soil organic carbon fractions in different rainfall areas of a subtropical dryland     

Sara Niaz  Asma Hassan  Muhammad Sharif 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(10):1337-1345

Landuse can alter soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions by affecting carbon inflows and outflows. This study evaluated changes in SOC fractions in response to different landuses under variable rainfalls. We compared cropland, grassland and forest soils in high rainfall (Islamabad ~1142 mm) and low rainfall (Chakwal ~667 mm) areas of Pothwar dryland, Pakistan. Forest soils in both rainfall areas had highest SOC (11.32 g kg^?1), particulate organic carbon (POC, 1.70 g kg^?1), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC, 7.17 g kg^?1) and aggregate-associated organic carbon (AOC, 7.86 g kg^?1). However, in rangeland and cropland soils, these varied with rainfall. Under high rainfall, SOC and MOC were 12% and 17% higher in rangeland than in cropland while POC and AOC were equal. Under low rainfall, SOC and MOC were higher in rangeland than in cropland by 7.21 and 1.79 g kg^?1 at 0–15 cm and equal at 15–30 cm depth. POC and AOC were higher in rangeland than in cropland, in both depths. Averagely, SOC, POC, MOC and AOC were 26%, 68%, 76% and 30% higher in high rainfall than in low rainfall soils. Sensitivity of SOC fractions to landuses observed under different rainfalls could provide useful information for soil management in subtropical drylands.  相似文献   

Dissolved and Soil Organic Carbon after Long‐Term Conventional and No‐Tillage Sorghum Cropping     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(5-6):667-679

Abstract

Distribution of dissolved (DOC) and soil organic carbon (SOC) with depth may indicate soil and crop‐management effects on subsurface soil C sequestration. The objectives of this study were to investigate impacts of conventional tillage (CT), no tillage (NT), and cropping sequence on the depth distribution of DOC, SOC, and total nitrogen (N) for a silty clay loam soil after 20 years of continuous sorghum cropping. Conventional tillage consisted of disking, chiseling, ridging, and residue incorporation into soil, while residues remained on the soil surface for NT. Soil was sampled from six depth intervals ranging from 0 to 105 cm. Tillage effects on DOC and total N were primarily observed at 0–5 cm, whereas cropping sequence effects were observed to 55 cm. Soil organic carbon (C) was higher under NT than CT at 0–5 cm but higher under CT for subsurface soils. Dissolved organic C, SOC, and total N were 37, 36, and 66%, respectively, greater under NT than CT at 0–5 cm, and 171, 659, and 837% greater at 0–5 than 80–105 cm. The DOC decreased with each depth increment and averaged 18% higher under a sorghum–wheat–soybean rotation than a continuous sorghum monoculture. Both SOC and total N were higher for sorghum–wheat–soybean than continuous sorghum from 0–55 cm. Conventional tillage increased SOC and DOC in subsurface soils for intensive crop rotations, indicating that assessment of C in subsurface soils may be important for determining effects of tillage practices and crop rotations on soil C sequestration.  相似文献   

Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on soil microbial activity and soil organic carbon build-up under rice in west coast of India     

Mahajan Gopal Ramdas  Manjunath B. L.  Singh Narendra Pratap  Ramesh R  Verma R. R  Latare Ashish Marutrao 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(3):414-426

The effect of medium-term (5 years) application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients (as mineral or inorganic fertilizers) on soil organic carbon (SOC), SOC stock, carbon (C) build-up rate, microbial and enzyme activities in flooded rice soils was tested in west coast of India. Compared to the application of vermicompost, glyricidia (Glyricidia maculate) (fresh) and eupatorium (Chromolaena adenophorum) (fresh) and dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata) (fresh), the application of farmyard manure (FYM) and combined application of paddy straw (dry) and water hyacinth (PsWh) (fresh) improved the SOC content significantly (p < 0.05). The lowest (p < 0.05) SOC content (0.81%) was observed in untreated control. The highest (p < 0.05) SOC stock (23.7 Mg C ha^?1) was observed in FYM-treated plots followed by recommended dose of mineral fertilizer (RDF) (23.2 Mg C ha^?1) and it was lowest (16.5 Mg C ha^?1) in untreated control. Soil microbial biomass carbon (C_mb) (246 µg g^?1 soil) and C_mb/SOC (1.92%) were highest (p < 0.05) in FYM-treated plot. The highest (p < 0.05) value of metabolic quotient (qCO₂) was recorded under RDF (19.7 µg CO₂-C g^?1 C_mb h^?1) and untreated control (19.6 µg CO₂-C g^?1 C_mb h^?1). Application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients impacted soil enzyme activities significantly (p < 0.05) with FYM causing highest dehydrogenase (20.5 µg TPF g^?1 day^?1), phosphatase (659 µg PNP g^?1 h^?1) and urease (0.29 µg urea g^?1 h^?1) activities. Application of organic source of nutrients especially FYM improved the microbial and enzyme activities in flooded and transplanted rice soils. Although the grain yield was higher with the application of RDF, but the use of FYM as an organic agricultural practice is more useful when efforts are intended to conserve more SOC and improved microbial activity.  相似文献   

Water stability of soil aggregates and their ability to sequester carbon in soils of vineyards in Slovakia     

Vladimír Šimanský  Eugene Balashov  Ján Horák 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(2):177-197

Soil water-stable aggregation is an important process for carbon sequestration and is a key factor controlling soil sustainability and resilience; therefore, the objectives of the present study were to (1) evaluate the differences in soil organic matter state, its specific and labile fractions and their importance in the formation of water-stable aggregates in vineyard soils differing in their genesis and texture under different soil management (vineyard rows – tilled and grassed in-between strips), and (2) estimate the ability of the vineyard soils to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC) into water-stable macro-aggregates (WSA_ma). The results showed that the WSA_ma content of the soils ranged from 47% to 97%. Soils with grasses had a higher SOC and labile carbon (C_L) contents than the bulk soil and, as a result, the higher total WSA_ma content. Soils ranged in a decreasing order in their ability to sequester SOC and C_L from bulk soil to WSA_ma: Haplic and Stagni-Haplic Luvisols > Calcaric Fluvisol = Rendzic Leptosol > Haplic and Luvi-Haplic Chernozem > Dystric and Eutric Cambisols. Our results showed that the maximum ratio of SOC content in WSA_ma to that in bulk soil was 1.0 at the maximum WSA_ma content regardless of the soil type. An increase in the ratio above this threshold value (1.0) resulted in a decrease in WSA_ma content.  相似文献   

Land-use effects on soil carbon and nitrogen in a typical plateau lakeshore wetland of China     

Junhong Bai  Qingqing Zhao  Qiongqiong Lu  Junjing Wang  Xiaofei Ye 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):817-825

Wetland soils (WS) can store a significant amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN). Surface soils (0–20 cm) were sampled in WS, 20-yr-old conventionally tilled soils (CTS20), 2-yr-old abandoned tilled soils (ATS2), and 6-yr-old abandoned tilled soils (ATS6) to estimate changes in SOC and TN contents due to cultivation and abandonment. Our results showed that SOC and TN contents were significantly higher in WS than those in CTS20, ATS2, and ATS6. As a result of 20-yr cultivation, SOC and TN contents decreased from 43.75 to 24.06 g kg^?1 and from 4.96 to 2.32 g kg^?1, respectively. However, after the abandonment of cultivated wetlands, SOC and TN contents showed a slow increase but the change was not significant among CTS20 and ATS2. The findings of this study suggest that SOC and TN contents in top 20 cm soils of wetlands can be reduced significantly by cultivation, but they are restored slowly after abandonment.  相似文献