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1.
After 2,000 rads of x-radiation to the right distal radial physis of eight 70-day-old dogs, the longitudinal growth of the right radius was retarded 42.1% when compared with the growth of the nonirradiated left radius. Asynchronous growth of the right radius and ulna resulted. The gross and radiographic changes that occurred over the subsequent 75 days were described. Subluxation of the humeroradial and humeroulnar joints occurred and was first observed 31 days after irradiation. By 75 days after irradiation, the radius was puller 7.8 mm distally by the radioulnar ligament. However, subluxation of the humeroradial joint was minimized by accelerated growth from the proximal radial physis and articular cartilage. Acceleration of growth also occurred at the distal radial articular cartilage. Growth from the distal ulnar physis and styloid process was retarded. It was thus apparent that after retardation of growth from the distal radial physis, considerable adjustment occurred in the relationship between the radius and the ulna and also in growth from their other physes, which reduced the deleterious effects of the growth retardation. 相似文献
2.
Two clinical cases are described, with premature closure of the growth plate of the distal ulna in one and of the distal radius in the other. Radical resection of the distal ulna was carried out to remove the 'bow–string' effect in premature closure of the distal ulna. The associated elbow joint deformities were corrected by moving the radius relative to the ulna. This was achieved by placing transverse pins in the bones, and connecting these externally with elastic. 相似文献
3.
Three immature cats with growth abnormalities of the distal radius secondary to trauma were presented between July 2001 and July 2003. Initial injuries included a Salter-Harris type II fracture of the distal radial physis in one cat, fractures of the styloid process of the ulna in two cats, and metacarpal fractures in one cat. The cats were between 3.5 and 4.5 months of age at the time of injury. Damage to the distal radial physis resulted in a variable degree of shortening of the radius in all cats. Asymmetrical closure caused widening of the lateral aspect of the radiocarpal joint space in two cats. Elbow incongruity was not observed. One cat was treated with osteotomies of the radius and ulna and realignment of the radius, stabilised with external skeletal fixation. Another was treated by ulnar ostectomy alone. Radius and ulna osteotomies and distraction osteogenesis of the radius were performed in the third cat. Clinical outcome was satisfactory in all three cases. 相似文献
4.
B L Smith J A Auer T S Taylor D S Hulse M T Longnecker 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(9):1456-1460
Cortical bone screws were implanted into the proximal portion of the right and left radius and ulna of 6 newborn Quarter Horse foals as radiographic markers for measurement of growth. Distance between markers on a lateral radiographic view was measured. Radiographs were taken at 2-week intervals until the horses were 8 weeks old, at 4-week intervals until they were 48 weeks old, and at 12-week intervals until they were 72 weeks old. The proximal radius and ulna grew at similar rates during the 72-week period of evaluation, and growth continued throughout 72 weeks. The proximal radius grew 3.5 cm, and the ulna grew 3.4 cm. Although the rates of growth were similar, growth from the ulnar physis contributed only to the length of the olecranon; growth was not transmitted to the ulnar diaphysis distal to the cubital joint. The proximal radius slid distally in relation to the ulna as growth occurred at the proximal radial physis. These findings suggest that transfixing the ulna to the radius while growth is occurring at the proximal radial physis impedes the natural shifting process, and subluxation of the elbow can result. Severity of subluxation would be inversely related to the age of the horse at the time of transfixation. 相似文献
5.
6.
Séguin B Walsh PJ Mason DR Wisner ER Parmenter JL Dernell WS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(1):69-79
OBJECTIVE: To develop a surgical technique for using the distal aspect of the ulna as a transposition autograft in a distal radial defect and to assess patency of vascular supply and viability of the distal ulna in a heterotopic position. STUDY DESIGN: Cadaveric study and clinical cases. ANIMALS: Twenty-two normal canine thoracic limbs; 3 dogs with distal radial osteosarcoma. METHODS: The arteries and veins of 12 limbs were injected with latex. Barium sulfate suspension was injected into the brachial artery of 10 other limbs after removal of the distal radius only (n = 2), ulna transposition (UT) (n = 6), or no procedure (n = 2). The distal ulna grafts were then harvested and decalcified in formic acid. The grafts were cut into 3-5 mm transverse sections and radiographed with a nonscreen film system to determine filling of intramedullary vessels with barium suspension. UT was performed in 3 dogs with distal radial osteosarcoma. Bone scintigraphy was performed 2-7 days after surgery to assess viability of the transposed ulna graft. RESULTS: Angiography confirmed patency of the caudal interosseous artery in all but 2 limbs in which the UT technique was performed; however, barium-filled vessels were identified in the medullary cavity of all ulnar grafts. Scintigraphy confirmed graft viability in the 3 dogs, all of which had good to excellent limb function. CONCLUSIONS: The distal aspect of the canine ulna can be used as a vascularized transposition autograft to replace distal radial defects, and viability can be maintained. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The UT technique appears to be an acceptable limb-sparing technique for dogs with tumors of the distal aspect of the radius. 相似文献
7.
Livingston CK Dart AJ Dowling BA Dart CM Hodgson DR 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(12):821-824
Two alpaca crias and one 14-month-old alpaca were referred for treatment of bilateral carpal valgus. In one cria, hemi-circumferential periosteal transection and elevation combined with an ulna osteotomy was performed initially without success, however transphyseal bridging with screws and wires was used successfully in both crias to straighten the limbs. As the distal radial and ulna growth plates had closed in the 14-month-old alpaca, bilateral wedge ostectomies of the distal radius and transfixation casts were used to straighten and stabilise the limbs. The ostectomy sites healed and the alpaca is ambulatory, although carpal flexion is significantly reduced. Until the relationship between the growth rate of crias and the success of hemicircumferential periosteal transection and elevation and ulna osteotomy is established, transphyseal bridging may provide a more reliable result in crias with carpal valgus deformity and open physes. Wedge ostectomy and application of a transfixation cast can be used to correct severe carpal valgus deformities in alpacas with closed physes. 相似文献
8.
Brachial angiograms were performed on 13 forelimbs from 12 dogs with growth-plate disorders of the distal radius and ulna. Eight angiograms were considered normal and five showed failure of individual arteries to fill, in two cases associated with hypertrophy of other vessels. Angiography was too insensitive to identify the small vessels which supplied the growth plates. 相似文献
9.
旨在评估普通T形骨板内固定治疗玩具犬桡尺骨远端骨折的临床效果及并发症。回顾了在中国农业大学动物医院采用开放式复位和普通T形骨板内固定治疗桡尺骨远端骨折的玩具犬的病历记录,并对这些病例进行回访。入选病例满足：体重不超过7 kg;骨折位置位于前臂远端(远端骨段与桡骨长度比值<0.25);回访时间>12个月;病例信息记录完整。结果表明：共纳入29只犬的29例桡尺骨远端骨折,26例(89.7%)术后无跛行,3例(10.3%)术后勉强可见跛行。未发生严重并发症,轻微并发症的发生率是20.7%(n=6)。普通T形骨板内固定能有效治疗玩具犬桡尺骨远端骨折,临床效果良好,无严重并发症。 相似文献
10.
A recently described metaphyseal irregularity of the radius and ulna was diagnosed radiographically in a significant proportion of Newfoundland dogs during the course of a large study. This case report describes the pathological picture of a Newfoundland dog with these radiographic changes. The lesions in the distal radius and ulna were characterized by focal, longitudinal striations of sclerosis of the bone marrow cavity, surrounding thin trabeculae of primary spongiosa of the distal metaphysis. It is suggested that these lesions represent a sclerosing dysplasia not previously described in dogs, but with some similarities to the human disorder, osteopathia striata. 相似文献
11.
Compression plating of a transverse mid-diaphyseal radial fracture in a 4-month-old Arabian filly resulted in subluxation of the ulna. Two screws transfixed the radius to the ulna and resulted in synostoses. This was followed by uncoordinated growth of the radius and ulna, and subluxation of the ulna. Progressive remodeling of the ulna subsequently reestablished articular congruity between the humerus and ulna. 相似文献
12.
GEORGE VOORHOUT DVM HERMAN A. W. HAZEWINKEL DVM PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1987,28(5):152-157
Radiographic examination of the radius and ulna was performed in three groups of Great Danes fed diets containing high, normal, and low calcium contents from the ages of 7 to 21 weeks. Development and maturation of secondary ossification centers, architecture of the distal ulnar metaphysis, and growth in length of the radius were noted. In the dogs fed a high-calcium diet, there was retardation in the development of the ulnar styloid process, the humeral medial epicondyle, the olecranal apophysis, and the anconeal process. In addition, these dogs developed severe changes over the entire width of the distal ulnar metaphysis, whereas the other groups developed only focal changes. The dogs fed a low-calcium diet developed severe signs of nutritional hyperparathyroidism. It is concluded that the development of the secondary ossification centers and the growth in length of the radius are inversely related to calcium intake. 相似文献
13.
ANN VANDEWATER D.V.M. M.S. MARVIN L. OLMSTEAD D.V.M. M.S. † SHARON STEVENSON D.V.M. M.S. ‡ 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1982,11(3):92-99
The efficacy of free autogenous fat grafts in inhibiting healing of partial ulnar ostectomies was investigated. Fat grafts did impede or prevent bone union in the treated ulnar ostectomies. Protection from forced weight bearing on the operated limb by splinting minimized varus deformity of the radius and ulna, and enhanced the survival of the fat graft and the formation of an ulnar nonunion. The procedure was then applied to treatment of radius curvus resulting from surgically induced premature distal ulnar physeal closure. Partial ulnar ostectomy with free autogenous fat grafting released the ulnar restraint on radial growth and allowed partial correction of the degree of radial curve associated with premature distal ulnar physeal closure. 相似文献
14.
A six-month-old male golden retriever was presented with a shortened radius and ulna and valgus deformity of the carpus secondary to premature closure of the distal radial and ulnar physes. Osteotomies of the radius and ulna were performed and the antebrachium was lengthened over eight weeks using a Wagner apparatus. This external fixation distractor is used in humans for limb-lengthening procedures. In this case, it was used to correct the angular deformity and to lengthen the limb. 相似文献
15.
J P Morgan G L Fisher K L McNeill J Oyama 《American journal of veterinary research》1979,40(3):346-350
Chronic centrifugation of 85- to 92-day-old Beagles at 2.0 X g and 2.6 X g for 26 weeks during the time of active skeletal growth caused skeletal abnormalities in the radius and the ulna of ten of 11 dogs. The pattern of change mimicked that found in naturally occurring and experimentally induced premature distal ulnar physeal closure or delayed growth at this physis. Minimal changes in bone density were detected by sensitive photon absorptiometric techniques. Skeletal abnormalities also were found in five of the six cage-control dogs, although the run-control dogs were radiographically normal. 相似文献
16.
M. Risselada DMV M. Kramer DVM PhD H. van Bree DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(2):214-220
The objective of this study was to identify access portals for ultrasonographic evaluation of canine long bones (humerus, radius, ulna, femur, and tibia). A 7.5 MHz linear transducer was used in five medium-sized dogs (range of 25-35 kg body weight). Good approaches could be identified for all long bones. For the proximal humerus, a cranial portal, and the distal humerus, a lateral portal is suggested. For the radius and ulna, a craniolateral approach seemed to be the best. In the hindlimb, a medial approach for the femur and a craniolateral approach for the tibia were the most effective approaches. 相似文献
17.
Ogurtan Z Celik I Izci C Boydak M Alkan F Yilmaz K 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2002,164(3):280-287
The effect of therapeutic ultrasound (US) on the growth plates of growing bone was determined through fluorescence labelling and histopathological evaluation in one-month-old rabbits. Mean growth rates and mean heights of the growth plates of the US exposed radius vs. control radius, and US exposed ulna vs. control ulna showed no statistically significant differences at all intensities and time intervals. Mean growth rates and heights of the growth plates of the US exposed radius for 0.2 W/cm(2) (SATA) US vs. 0.5 W/cm(2) US showed the same type of pattern compared to those of the control radius for 0.2 W/cm(2)vs. 0.5 W/cm(2) at days 10, 15 and 20. Similar results were also found for the ulna. Effects of 0.5 W/cm(2) US on the mean growth rates and mean heights of the growth plates were superior to those of 0.2 W/cm(2) US at day 10. The results at day 10 were reversed for the same comparisons at days 15 and 20. No cavitation effect of US was observed on growth plate cells. There was no evidence of partial or complete premature closure of the growth plates or of angular deformity of the carpal region. 相似文献
18.
C. E. Eger 《The Journal of small animal practice》1990,31(8):377-381
Fractures of the distal third of the radius and ulna of miniature dogs frequently suffer the complication of non-union. Techniques for the management of such fractures are generally adaptations of those used in larger dogs. The successful treatment of three cases is reported, utilising transfixation pins and acrylic cement. 相似文献
19.
George Voorhout DVM PhD Richard C. Nap DVM PhD Herman A.W. Hazewinkel DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1994,35(4):271-276
Radiographic examination of the antebrachium was performed in 16 healthy Great Danes, raised under standardized conditions, at six-week intervals from 9 to 27 weeks of age. The dogs were fed according to the National Research Council's nutrient requirements of dogs (1974). The development of the secondary ossification centers and the growth in length of the radius and ulna were noted. In the majority of dogs changes in the shape and structure of the distal ulnar metaphysis resembled disturbances in cartilage maturation and bone maturation and remodelling. An improvement in the radio-graphic appearance of the distal ulnar metaphysis was noted at the age of 27 weeks. It is concluded that the delicate processes that are involved in skeletal development may be frequently disturbed in fast growing, giant-breed dogs, without causing clinical problems. 相似文献
20.
J R Paul-Murphy J P Morgan J R Snyder M E Fowler 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,198(12):2107-2111
Twenty-eight llamas with a mean age of 6.2 months had bilateral forelimb valgus deformities. The range of valgus deformity, as measured on a craniocaudal radiographic view, was 6 to 25 degrees, with a similar degree of deviation in each limb. Morphologic abnormalities in the distal portion of the radius and ulna were more prominent in the ulna and included metaphyseal and epiphyseal flaring, physeal ectasia, and metaphyseal sclerosis. Distal radial epiphyseal ectasia, and metaphyseal sclerosis. Distal radial epiphyseal wedging was believed to be secondary to the ulnar deformity. Radial bowing with lateral and caudal concavity and unequal cortical thickness was evident. Epiphyseal and metaphyseal flaring with physeal ectasia was noticed in the distal portion of the third and fourth metacarpal bones. Carpal bones were unaffected. 相似文献