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采用6种药剂对柑橘木虱田间防效进行试验,结果表明,52.25%高氯·毒死蜱EC1000倍液、4.5%联苯菊酯SC1500倍液、5%高效氯氟氰菊酯EW1500倍液、25%噻虫嗪WG3500倍液、10%吡虫啉EC1500倍液和48%毒死蜱EC800倍液对柑橘木虱具有较好的速效性,施药后1d的总体防效分别为100%、99.88%、99.77%、99.38%、98.02%和94.31%;施药后7d,10%吡虫啉EC1500倍液对柑橘木虱的防治效果最差,为87.9%,其他几种药剂的防效仍维持在90%以上;施药后14d,各处理对柑橘木虱的防效均在75%以下。 相似文献
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《广西植保》2021,34(1)
使用4种药剂对柑橘木虱进行田间药效试验,结果表明,10%高氯·吡丙醚ME 1 500倍液、22.4%螺虫乙酯SC4 000倍液、21%噻虫嗪SC 1 500倍液和100 g/L联苯菊酯EC 2 000倍液,按1 800 L/ha稀释浓度,在柑橘树平均每嫩梢上若虫和成虫达到2头以上时施药,这4种杀虫剂药剂处理对柑橘木虱都有较好的防治效果。药后5 d防效分别达97.14%、95.40%、91.46%和92.24%;药后10 d,防效分别为93.95%、85.58%、81.85%和82.97%;药后15 d,防效分别为87.93%、81.89%、71.54%和76.06%。其中,10%高氯·吡丙醚ME的防效速效性和持效性优势突出,持效期达15 d以上。建议在生产上推广使用,并根据不同季节与其它药剂轮换使用。 相似文献
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30%螺虫乙酯·噻虫嗪SC防治柑橘木虱的田间药效试验结果表明,在柑橘木虱发生初期施用30%螺虫乙酯·噻虫嗪SC,施药后10d,试验药剂浓度为50mg/kg、60mg/kg和75mg/kg对柑橘木虱的防效分别达到74.41%、79.36%和91.77%,均有较好的防治效果,且试验药剂对柑橘安全,推荐使用浓度为75mg/kg。 相似文献
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为筛选兼具速效性与持效性的柑橘木虱防治药剂,选择6%阿维·噻虫嗪微乳剂、30%噻虫胺悬浮剂、34%啶虫脒·毒死蜱乳油、26.9%石英水剂、2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯水乳、21%噻虫嗪悬浮剂进行田间药效试验。结果表明,供试的6种杀虫剂中,防治柑橘木虱速效性最好的是21%噻虫嗪悬浮剂,在药后24 h对该虫防效达92.14%;6%阿维·噻虫嗪微乳剂、30%噻虫胺悬浮剂和26.9%石英水在施用后1~5d的防效呈上升趋势,这3种药剂到药后第5天的防治效果在88.81%~94.08%之间;6%阿维·噻虫嗪微乳剂对柑橘木虱的持效性较好,在药后第5天的防效达到94.08%。 相似文献
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选用25%噻虫嗪WG等8种药剂进行柑橘粉虱田间药效试验,结果表明:参试8种药剂对柑橘粉虱都有一定的防治效果,且对柑橘生长和果实发育安全,可在生产上推广使用。各药剂处理的防效差别较大,其中以400g/L杀扑磷EC1000倍液速效性最好,施药后3d防效可达90.18%,与其它药剂处理差异显著;240g/L螺虫乙酯SC3000倍液和25%噻虫嗪WG4000倍液持效期最长,药后21d防效分别为99.50%和98.27%,与其它药剂处理差异达极显著水平。在生产中建议将速效性好与持效期长的药剂混合使用,防治效果更好。 相似文献
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Citrus huanglongbing (HLB or citrus greening), is a highly destructive disease that has been spreading in both Florida and Brazil. Its psyllid vector, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, has spread to Texas and Mexico, thus threatening the future of citrus production elsewhere in mainland North America. Even though sensitive diagnostic methods have been developed for detection of the causal organisms, Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the pathogen cannot be detected consistently in plants until symptoms develop, presumably because of low titer and uneven distribution of the causal bacteria in nonsymptomatic tissues. In the present study, TaqMan based real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction methodology was developed for detection of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in D. citri. Over 1,200 samples of psyllid adults and nymphs, collected from various locations in Florida, from visually healthy and HLB symptomatic trees at different times of the year were analyzed to monitor the incidence and spread of HLB. The results showed that spread of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in an area may be detected one to several years before the development of HLB symptoms in plants. The study suggests that discount garden centers and retail nurseries may have played a significant role in the widespread distribution of psyllids and plants carrying HLB pathogens in Florida. 相似文献
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采用叶片夹毒法、微量点滴法和玻片浸渍法等方法测定了1.6%瑞香狼毒素水乳剂对菜青虫、小菜蛾、豌豆蚜和截形叶螨的杀虫效果。结果表明:处理24h后,在触杀活性试验中,1.6%瑞香狼毒素水乳剂对试虫的毒力大小为菜青虫小菜蛾豌豆蚜截形叶螨;在内吸活性试验中,1.6%瑞香狼毒素水乳剂对截形叶螨和豌豆蚜的LC50分别为149.22mg/L和101.76mg/L,均小于触杀作用下的219.10mg/L和165.25mg/L,表明1.6%瑞香狼毒素水乳剂对豌豆蚜和截形叶螨内吸毒性明显优于触杀作用;在胃毒活性试验中,1.6%瑞香狼毒素水乳剂对菜青虫和小菜蛾的LC50分别为342.82mg/L和407.34mg/L,而触杀作用下的LC50为58.61mg/L和75.30mg/L,表明该药剂对菜青虫和小菜蛾有较强的触杀作用和一定的胃毒作用。 相似文献
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Citrus huanglongbing (HLB), previously called greening, is a serious citrus disease in Asia, eastern and southern Africa. It is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), a phloem-limited, nonculturable bacterium transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid ( Diaphorina citri ) in Asia. A PCR-based assay was developed for monitoring Las in vector psyllids using a rapid DNA extraction from psyllid bodies and PCR amplification. The entire procedure for Las detection in psyllids can be completed within 5 h. Using this method, Las can be accurately detected in psyllid adults as well as nymphs in different instar stages. The assay is sensitive enough for Las detection in single-psyllid extract from adult, fifth, fourth and third instars. In a transovarial transmission experiment, Las was not detected in eggs or in offspring produced by Las-carrying psyllid females. In a retention test, the Las-carrying psyllids remained Las-positive for 12 weeks after they were moved to common jasmine orange, a Las-immune plant. From these experimental results it was concluded that Las persists in the Asian citrus psyllid vector, but is not transovarially transmitted by the vector. These data help in understanding epidemiological characteristics of Las and psyllids in citrus HLB. 相似文献
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Dhana Raj Boina Ebenezer O Onagbola Masoud Salyani Lukasz L Stelinski 《Pest management science》2009,65(8):870-877
BACKGROUND: Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, transmits the causal bacteria of the devastating citrus disease huanglongbing (HLB). Because of the variation in spatial and temporal uptake and systemic distribution of imidacloprid applied to citrus trees and its degradation over time in citrus trees, ACP adults and nymphs are exposed to concentrations that may not cause immediate mortality but rather sublethal effects. The objective of this laboratory study was to determine the effects of sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid on ACP life stages. RESULTS: Feeding by ACP adults and nymphs on plants treated daily with a sublethal concentration (0.1 µg mL?1) of imidacloprid significantly decreased adult longevity (8 days), fecundity (33%) and fertility (6%), as well as nymph survival (12%) and developmental rate compared with untreated controls. The magnitude of these negative effects was directly related to exposure duration and concentration. Furthermore, ACP adults that fed on citrus leaves treated systemically with lethal and sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid excreted significantly less honeydew (7–94%) compared with controls in a concentration‐dependent manner suggesting antifeedant activity of imidacloprid. CONCLUSIONS: Sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid negatively affect development, reproduction, survival and longevity of ACP, which likely contributes to population reductions over time. Also, reduced feeding by ACP adults on plants treated with sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid may potentially decrease the capacity of ACP to successfully acquire and transmit the HLB causal pathogen. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Three experiments were carried out during three consecutive years to evaluate 19 insecticides and 12 tank mixtures of different
groups of insecticides against the whiteflyBemisia tabaci and its predators and parasitoids under field conditions in cotton. In the first experiment, the whitefly population was
lower in treatments with thiacloprid and higher in those with black warrant (a.i. alcohol) and cypermethrin; the number of
predators was higher with Agri-50 and spinosad and lowest with cypermethrin, whereas percent parasitism was higher with thiacloprid
and lower with methamidophos. In the second experiment, the whitefly population was lower in treatments with buprofezin, pyriproxyfen
and diafenthiuron and higher in those with endosulfan, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam; the number of predators was higher with
pyriproxyfen and lower with thiamethoxam, whereas percent parasitism was higher with pyriproxyfen and lower with thiamethoxam.
In the third experiment, the whitefly population was lower in a treatment mixture with buprofezin + fenpropathrin and higher
in that with thiamethoxam + chlorpyrifos; the number of predators was higher with buprofezin + fenpropathrin and lower with
deltamethrin + triazophos and deltamethrin + chlorpyrifos, whereas percent parasitism was higher with the mixture of pyriproxyfen
+ chlorpyrifos and lower in imidacloprid + chlorpyrifos, betacyfluthrin + triazophos, and deltamethrin + triazophos. Effective
use of these insecticides to manage whitefly infestations and to save predators and parasitoids is discussed.
http:www.phytoparasitica.org posting August 7, 2008. 相似文献
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柑橘全爪螨 Panonychus citri 是一种重要的世界性害螨, 已对多种常用杀螨剂产生了不同程度的抗性?为有效控制该害螨的危害, 本研究于2017年-2018年通过田间小区试验评价了30%乙唑螨腈·螺螨酯SC?30%乙唑螨腈SC?240 g/L螺螨酯SC?1.8%阿维菌素EC及43%联苯肼酯SC对柑橘全爪螨的防治效果及其对柑橘树的安全性?研究结果表明:试验浓度下, 叶面喷施1次上述药剂均对柑橘树安全?30%乙唑螨腈·螺螨酯SC及30%乙唑螨腈SC能有效控制柑橘全爪螨危害, 速效性好, 持效期长达30 d, 药后1~30 d的防治效果分别为76.55%~100%和81.21%~98.30%?240 g/L螺螨酯SC和43%联苯肼酯SC对柑橘全爪螨的控制作用较好, 速效性一般而持效期可达30 d, 药后1~30 d的防治效果分别为69.15%~91.55%和64.63%~88.46%?1.8%阿维菌素EC难以控制柑橘全爪螨危害, 速效性较差, 持效期约15 d; 药后1~30 d对该害螨的防治效果为57.08%~83.39%?综上所述, 在柑橘生产实践中, 为有效控制柑橘全爪螨为害, 应于害螨初发期叶面喷施1次30%乙唑螨腈·螺螨酯SC 75 mg/kg或30%乙唑螨腈SC 100 mg/kg? 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: In the present investigation, the effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), a bacterium considered to be responsible for causing huanglongbing (HLB) disease in citrus, on the physiology of its vector, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, was determined. Specifically, the effects of Las infection on the susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides were determined. Furthermore, total protein content and general esterase activity were quantified in Las‐infected and uninfected ACP to gain insight into the possible mechanism(s) responsible for altered susceptibility to insecticides owing to Las infection. RESULTS: LC50 values were significantly lower in Las‐infected than in uninfected ACP adults for chlorpyrifos and spinetoram. Furthermore, there was a general trend towards lower LC50 values for three other insecticides for Las‐infected ACP; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Total protein content (µg mL?1) was significantly lower in Las‐infected (23.5 ± 1.3 in head + thorax; 27.7 ± 1.9 in abdomen) than in uninfected (29.7 ± 2.1 in head + thorax; 35.0 ± 2.3 in abdomen) ACP. Likewise, general esterase enzyme activity (nmol min?1 mg?1 protein) was significantly lower in Las‐infected (111.6 ± 4.5 in head + thorax; 109.5 ± 3.7 in abdomen) than in uninfected (135.9 ± 7.5 in head + thorax; 206.1 ± 23.7 in abdomen) ACP. CONCLUSION: Susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides from five major chemistries was greater in Las‐infected than in uninfected ACP. The lower total protein content and reduced general esterase activity in Las‐infected than in uninfected ACP may partly explain the observed higher insecticide susceptibility of Las‐infected ACP. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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5种药剂对枸杞棉蚜室内毒力及田间防效 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了明确5种药剂对枸杞棉蚜的适宜施药剂量,开展了室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。结果表明,1%甲维盐EC对枸杞棉蚜的毒力最高,50%噻虫嗪WG毒力最低,24 h LC50分别为2.44 mg/L和1 875.69 mg/L。5种药剂毒力大小依次为甲维盐＞啶虫脒＞吡蚜酮＞呋虫胺＞噻虫嗪。田间试验结果表明,随着施药时间的延长,5种药剂不同剂量处理的虫口数量均显著下降,施药后7 d,各处理对枸杞棉蚜防效分别达94.13%~99.84%,且各剂量处理均对枸杞树安全。5种药剂推荐使用剂量分别为:5%啶虫脒EC 25.0 mg/L以上,30%呋虫胺SC 50.0~100.0 mg/L,50%噻虫嗪WG 100.0~125.0 mg/L,25%吡蚜酮WP 83.3~125.0 mg/L,1%甲维盐EC 5.6~8.3 mg/L。 相似文献
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20种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾的杀卵活性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在前期测定14种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾杀卵活性的基础上,本文采用浸渍法又测定了20种不同类型杀虫剂的杀卵活性,以期为草地贪夜蛾卵期防治药剂的选择提供更全面的参考。结果表明,所测的20种杀虫剂均具有一定的杀卵活性。在100 mg/L浓度下,溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和乙基多杀菌素表现出出色的杀卵活性,能够完全抑制卵的孵化,杀虫双的杀卵活性最差,低于10%。而噻虫胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺、高效氯氟氰菊酯、多杀霉素、联苯菊酯、噻虫啉、氧乐果、噻虫嗪、甲氰菊酯、烯啶虫胺和啶虫脒的杀卵活性相对较好,其校正死亡率在70.95%～98.52%之间,毒死蜱、吡虫啉、辛硫磷、虫螨腈和杀虫单的杀卵活性相对较差,在42.26%～61.51%之间。在10 mg/L浓度下,噻虫胺、乙基多杀菌素和噻虫啉的杀卵活性均在70%以上,而杀虫双、毒死蜱和烯啶虫胺的杀卵活性低于15%。特别是在100 mg/L和10 mg/L浓度下,新烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫胺和噻虫啉对草地贪夜蛾表现出较高的杀卵活性,分别为98.52%、76.91%和89.37%、72.44%。上述药剂在田间对草地贪夜蛾的杀卵效果还有待进一步验证。 相似文献