共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
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近几年 ,瓜叶菊以其花色鲜艳 ,颜色丰富 ,品种 (系 )繁多 ,且栽培成本较低 ,售价适中 ,而成为北方冬季草花的首推品种。不少地区冬季大棚瓜叶菊已成规模之势。本人在养殖过程中 ,积累了一些经验 ,认为在以下几个方面需特别注意。现介绍如下 ,和花农共商榷。1 育苗及上盆1.1 育苗时间的确定根据上市时间来确定育苗时间。春节期间上市的瓜叶菊应从春节起前推“所种瓜叶菊品系的生育期 +30天”作为播种期。若大棚内无增温设施 ,应稍提前播种育苗。一般品系的瓜叶菊播种时间应从上市时间前推 5～ 6个月。瓜叶菊花期较长 (3～ 4个月 ) ,所以实… 相似文献
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瓜叶菊耐热无性系Z1-1-1的离体筛选与初步鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以瓜叶菊增殖期的愈伤组织和丛生芽为材料,用高温胁迫和羟脯氨酸 (HYP)分别作为直接和间接选择压,进行瓜叶菊耐热无性系的离体筛选.结果表明:1) 40℃ 16～20h胁迫处理可以作为瓜叶菊耐热无性系离体直接筛选的适宜选择压,30 mmol·L-1 HYP 可以作为瓜叶菊耐热无性系离体间接筛选的适宜浓度;2) 经过高温间隔胁迫多代筛选获得了与其母株相比耐热性有了很大提高的无性系Z1-1-1;3) Z1-1-1 和其对照母株Z1的30 d移栽苗在叶片厚度、气孔指数、栅栏组织厚度/海绵组织厚度方面存在显著差异,另外,成年植株Z1-1-1 和Z1在花的育性上差异明显,Z1结实率85%以上,而Z1-1-1的结实率在人工授粉的情况下也仅1.0%;4) 在40℃ 24h胁迫后,Z1-1-1的热害指数、细胞丙二醛(MDA)含量、电解质伤害性外漏率远远低于其对照母株,而POD、SOD活性明显高于其对照母株,存在显著性差异. 相似文献
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杂交瓜叶菊的开花习性初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对瓜叶菊进行的杂交试验结果表明：瓜叶菊的开花持续时间从原来的170-190d缩短至133—135d；开花数量由原来40—60朵／株增加到100朵／株以上；株高由50-70cm降低到30—50cm。杂交后瓜叶菊呈现出明显的优良性状。 相似文献
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瓜叶菊为多年生菊科草本植物，全株密布柔毛，叶片每三片一轮，成三角形，叶似黄瓜叶片，故名瓜叶菊。其花色艳丽，花色丰富，具有室内十分少见的蓝色花；且花期长，约有6个月之久的开花时间，是元旦、春节、“五一”劳动节等节日的理想盆花，是冬春代表性花卉。但要栽培出株型好、叶色美、开花长的瓜叶菊盆花，也不容易，须掌握瓜叶菊栽培环节中的以下关键技术措施。播种时间一般选择8月中旬。瓜叶菊性喜凉爽气候，不耐炎热高温，生长适中温为15度～20度。应把播种箱放在荫棚下面，或放在树荫下面；如果是采用畦播种，那么在畦土的上方一定… 相似文献
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克拉玛依市年降水101.7mm,年蒸发3545.2mm,年平均温度8.4℃;年日照时数为2721.6小时;无霜期190天;平均冻土深163.4cm,年均大风日76天(≥8级)。根据这一气候条件,我们选用了一年生草花(朝天笑翠菊、日本切花翠菊、125翠菊)、木本花卉(月季)、宿根花卉(旱小菊、地被菊)作试验。下面分品系、品种对本试验予以论述。1 一年生草花 翠菊在温室内,4月13日播种,播后5～7天开始出苗,10～15天幼苗基本出齐。适时、适量浇水、施肥以利壮苗,移植前停水,并打开温室门窗进行炼苗。在6月2日～6月6日,幼苗达10cm左右时,开始把苗木移入大田。在移植时,用AB… 相似文献
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分别将牛角瓜(Calotropis gigantea)、白花牛角瓜(Calotropis procera)成年植株的离体叶片置于不同的低温(15、10、5、0、-5、-10℃)条件下处理,以室温(20℃)为对照,测定分析叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性等生理指标的变化。结果表明:随着胁迫温度的降低,叶绿素含量逐渐降低;可溶性蛋白含量表现为先升-后降-再升-再降的波浪形变化,且在-5℃时达到高峰;MDA含量总体先升后降,在15~5℃温度范围内,积累量最大;SOD表现为先降、后升、然后再降的曲线变化,而POD变化更复杂,但两种酶的活性基本都是在5℃上升至最高点。初步认为牛角瓜对低温胁迫具有一定的耐受能力,但其耐受力相对较差,一般5℃左右损伤已较大。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
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《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献
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Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
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Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献