共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
选取经食盐水浸浴10 d后平均体重为40 g左右的健康尼罗罗非鱼,随机分成两组,一组为对照组.另一组为试验组,每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾,饲养于水族箱中.试验组按3 g/m3水的添加量投放包膜硫酸钠/过氧化氢/氯化钠加合物,每2 d投放1次,试验期20 d,试验期间不换水,24 h增氧,每天两次投饵,不捞残饵,研究包膜硫酸钠/过氧化氢/氯化钠加合物对尼罗罗非鱼养殖水体的改善效果.结果表明,(1)试验组和对照组水体的溶氧和pH值没有明显的差异;试验组和对照组氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和COD浓度均随着试验时间的延长而升高,相同时间点试验组水体氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和COD浓度均低于对照组,其中氨氮在第12、15和20天达到显著水平(P＜0.05),亚硝酸盐氮和COD在第9、12、15和20天达到显著水平(P＜0.05);(2)与对照组相比,试验组养殖水体细菌数量显著降低(P＜0.05);(3)与对照组相比,试验组尼罗罗非鱼日增重、特定生长率和存活率分别提高40%(P＜0.05)、40.9%(P＜0.05)和14.2%(P＜0.05),饵料系数降低12.3%(P＜0.05). 相似文献
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《渔业现代化》2015,(5)
在三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)和日本对虾(Penaeus japonicas)混养池塘中按不同频率(5 d、10 d、15 d)施用微生态制剂,每10 d测量1次水质指标和细菌数量,试验结束时,测量养殖生物的存活率和特定生长率,试验共持续60 d。结果显示,3个试验组养殖生物的存活率差异不显著(P0.05),特定生长率差异显著(P0.05);试验结束时,3个试验组的水体COD分别较对照组降低了37.78%、33.33%、16.67%,氨氮分别降低了43.12%、33.11%、28.68%,亚硝酸盐氮浓度分别降低了68.42%、49.03%、34.63%,弧菌总数分别降低了58.61%、49.76%、39.34%。研究表明,按照水质净化效果和经济效益指标,在梭子蟹和日本对虾混养池塘中以每10 d施用1次微生态制剂为佳,养殖中后期可适当提高施用频率,以获得更好的水质净化效果。 相似文献
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本实验研究了微生态净水剂65天后对鲤鱼血液生理指标和生化指标的影响。施加了微生态净水剂后显著降低了鲤鱼红细胞的红细胞渗透脆性,使红细胞数由1,126,000/mm3显著增加到1,224,000/mm3,血红蛋白由4.60g/100ml极显著增加到6.90g/100ml,红细胞压积由35.2%显著增加到39.2%;血清中TP、 ALB、GLO、白球比的含量无明显变化;血清中GLU、ALP分别较对照组提高了221%( p <0.01),50.8% (p <0.05);血清中ACP、GPT分别较对照组降低了14%( p >0.05) ,24%( p <0.05)。施加了微生态净水剂能优化鲤鱼的抗应激指标,具有提高体鱼防御功能,增强抵抗疾病能力的作用。 相似文献
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将单口面积1.33~2.33hm~2、环境相似的6口罗氏沼虾养殖池塘分为2组,3口池塘投喂蛋白质水平为35.4%的饲料,且每日适量泼洒糖蜜(试验组),3口池塘投喂蛋白质水平为41.9%的饲料,不泼洒糖蜜(对照组),常规管理。养殖期间,每隔15d取水样检测氨氮和亚硝态氮含量。156d的饲养结果表明,对照组和试验组罗氏沼虾的产量分别为6600kg/hm~2和6427.5kg/hm~2,降低饲料中的蛋白水平结合泼洒糖蜜不影响罗氏沼虾的生长(P0.05),养殖效益亦无显著差异(P0.05)。但试验组池塘水中氨氮较对照组低54.0%,亚硝态氮低21.0%,泼洒糖蜜显著降低了池塘氨氮和亚硝态氮含量(P0.05)。 相似文献
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《福建水产》2021,(2)
针对当前罗非鱼高密度养殖水质调控中存在的问题,本研究使用基于共生原理的鱼菜共生技术,在乌鲁木齐市米东区开展为期126 d的"罗非鱼-水蕹菜"共生调控池塘水质试验。结果表明:在共生模式下,养殖池塘水体pH值、总磷(TP)、硝酸盐氮(NO~-_3-N)含量下降且与对照组差异显著(P0.05),总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH~+_4-N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO~-_2-N)含量升势趋缓且与对照组差异显著(P0.05);共生模式分别将氮、磷的利用率提高了13.5%和6.4%,显著降低了池塘排污系数(P0.05),将尾水中总氮、总磷含量由符合淡水池塘养殖水排放要求的二级提升为一级。 相似文献
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为研究芽孢杆菌对草鱼养殖水质的影响,选取体重约45g的草鱼210尾,随机分为2组,每组设3个平行重复.对照组在水中不添加任何菌,处理组每隔7d分别向水中按照1×108 cfu/m3添加芽孢杆菌菌粉,二组均饲喂基础日粮.草鱼养殖水体水质测定结果表明:与对照组相比,第28天处理组氨氮含量比对照组下降29.17％(P＜0.05).亚硝酸盐氮含量无显著性差异且在0.39 mg/L以下.第14天时,处理组硝酸盐氮含量比对照组降低60.26％( P＜0.01),在第21天和第28天分别比对照组提高26.98％(P＜0.05)和67.85％(P＜0.01).处理组的总无机氮含量在21d内无显著差异,第28天时下降了15.39％(P＞0.05).养殖水体pH值维持在6.8～7.6,各组之间无显著差异.养殖水体中添加芽孢杆菌可降低氨氮含量,改善养殖水体水质. 相似文献
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阐述了底泥、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硫化氢、溶解氧,酸碱度等因素对集约化高产鱼塘水质的影响及控制指标;对于水质调控,提出适当追施化肥,科学投喂,适时加注新水换出部分底层老水,清除过多底泥,定期搅动塘底,灵活开启增氧机,施放净水剂及生物制剂(光合细菌),合理施用鱼药等技术。 相似文献
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为了研究3株异养硝化细菌对底部充氧尼罗罗非鱼养殖池塘水质的净化效果,选择初始体质量为(2.66±0.94) g的尼罗罗非鱼600尾,随机平均放入20个水泥池,实验设对照组1(普通曝气头)、对照组2(底部盘式微孔曝气器)、嗜吡啶红球菌(P1-2)实验组(底部盘式微孔曝气器)、粪产碱杆菌(P3-1)实验组(底部盘式微孔曝气器)、巨大芽孢杆菌(P5-2)实验组(底部盘式微孔曝气器),每组各4个重复,分别在养殖池塘定期泼洒终浓度为5×10~5 CFU/mL的异养硝化细菌菌液。测定了不同组中各项水质指标及鱼体生长、抗氧化能力指标的变化情况。结果显示,在实验过程中,所有组的总氮浓度均呈持续上升趋势,而加菌组的各指标积累量始终低于对照组,其中,P5-2对尼罗罗非鱼养殖水体的处理效果最为理想。P5-2组水体中的总氮累积量在整个养殖周期始终低于对照组1和对照组2。P3-1组水体中的总氮累积量在整个养殖周期始终低于对照组2。P1-2组水体中的总氮累积量在第8周和第10周显著低于对照组1和对照组2。P5-2、P3-1和P1-2组水体中的氨氮累积量在整个养殖周期始终低于对照组1和对照组2。P5-2组池塘水体中的亚硝酸盐氮累积量在第2周、第6周和第8周显著低于对照组2。养殖水体中泼洒异养硝化细菌可以提高尼罗罗非鱼的抗氧化功能。与对照组1相比,P3-1和P5-2组中尼罗罗非鱼血清中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分别提高了12.10%和8.05%,与对照组2相比,P3-1和P5-2组中尼罗罗非鱼血清中的SOD活性分别提高了21.25%和16.87%。与对照组1相比,P1-2、P3-1和P5-2组中尼罗罗非鱼血清中的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)分别提高了82.78%、98.68%和245.70%,与对照组2相比,P3-1和P5-2组中尼罗罗非鱼血清中的T-AOC分别提高了1.69%和76.95%。研究表明,在养殖池塘中添加异养硝化细菌,可有效维护养殖水质,提高尼罗罗非鱼的抗氧化能力,对鱼体生长无影响。 相似文献
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The effects of phosphorus and nitrogen on phytoplankton dominance in tropical fish ponds 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Nine ponds were used to determine the effects of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) loading on the phytoplankton dominance in tropical fish ponds. Three ponds received triple superphosphate (TSP), three received triple superphosphate plus urea (TSP-Urea) and the rest served as the control. Addition of both phosphorus and nitrogen (TSP-Urea treatment) resulted in higher total phytoplankton than the TSP treatment and the control (P < 0.05). In general, blue-green algae formed the dominant group in TSP-Urea treatment ponds, followed by dinoflagellates, green algae, euglenoids and diatoms. In TSP-Urea treatment ponds, green algae was the most abundant group followed by blue-green, dinoflagellates, euglenoids and diatoms. Addition of combined nitrogen and phosphorus to the ponds not only significantly increased (P < 0.05) total phytoplankton densities, but also caused a shift from blue-green algal dominance to green algae. TSP treatment ponds showed significantly higher blue-green algae than TSP-Urea treatment in the early culture cycle. However, as the ponds became more productive with time, blue-green algae also appeared to be common in TSP-Urea treatment in spite of high N : P ratios. The blue-green algae increased linearly with the increase of total phytoplankton in all treatments (r2= 0.58, P < 0.01). 相似文献
13.
微生物群落是养殖池塘生态系统的重要组成部分,了解环境微生物群落结构和功能,可有针对性地进行养殖环境微生态调控。在不同季节采集尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）和斑点叉尾鮰（Ictalurus punctatus）池塘水样,分析硝酸盐氮(NO3-N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO2-N)、氨氮(NH4-N)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)等理化指标,利用Biolog-Eco微平板技术分析水体中微生物对各类碳源代谢的平均颜色变化率,利用高通量测序技术分析其菌群结构。结果表明,1月淡水养殖池塘水质和菌群结构不同于其他采样时间,养殖鱼类种类对池塘理化指标和微生物菌群结构影响不大。不同采样时间的池塘理化指标差异显著,同一采样时间不同养殖鱼类池塘的理化指标之间无显著差异。其中,1月尼罗罗非鱼池塘中的NH4-N含量高于其他月份,且显著高于4月和7月（P<0.05）;1月TP含量显著高于4月、7月和10月（P<0.05）。1月斑点叉尾鮰池塘的TP和NO3-N含量显著高于其他3个月份（P<0.05）。Biolog-Eco微平板技术检测到尼罗罗非鱼和斑点叉尾鮰池塘中的微生物群落对碳... 相似文献
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David M Liti Bernard Fulanda Jonathan M Munguti Michael Straif Herwig Waidbacher & Gerold Winkler 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(15):1535-1543
The effects of open‐water and caged fish density on growth, feed utilization, water quality and profitability were investigated to assess the feasibility of a small‐scale rotational system for production of Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in fertilized ponds. Hand‐sexed male fingerlings averaging 18.6 and 29.9 g were stocked in open water and cages, respectively in four treatments with open‐pond:caged tilapia ratios of 300:0 (control), 150:150 (L), 300:150 (H1) and 300:300 (H2). The ponds in L and H1 contained one cage, two cages in H2, and the control ponds had no cages. Each cage contained 150 fish, which were fed daily at 1.5% body weight for 125 days. All fish in the open water except the control fish were not fed. Growth of open water tilapia was significantly (P<0.05) higher in L than in control. Feed utilization, dawn DO and economic returns were significantly better (P<0.05) in caged than control ponds. Growth of tilapia in L was significantly lower (P<0.05) in cages than in open water. Fingerling production was significantly lower (P<0.05) in L than in other treatments. In conclusion, cage‐cum‐open‐pond integrated treatment (L) was optimal for O. niloticus production in fertilized ponds. However, the system could not rotate and needed further fine‐tuning to rotate. 相似文献
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为比较山泉流水和池塘养殖草鱼的品质区别,测定了体质量为1500~1750 g的两种方式养殖草鱼的基本营养、矿物元素、胶原蛋白、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量及肌肉抗氧化能力。测定结果表明,山泉流水养殖草鱼水分、粗脂肪、K和Na含量显著低于池塘养殖草鱼(P<0.05),粗蛋白、灰分、P、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn和Se含量显著高于池塘养殖草鱼(P<0.05);山泉流水养殖草鱼肌肉不可溶性胶原蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶活力显著高于池塘养殖草鱼(P<0.05),丙二醛含量则显著低于池塘养殖草鱼(P<0.05);山泉流水养殖草鱼的总必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸分别为15.76%、5.60%,显著高于池塘养殖草鱼(P<0.05),氨基酸评分、化学评分和必需氨基酸指数均高于池塘养殖草鱼;山泉流水养殖草鱼饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸显著低于池塘养殖草鱼(P<0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于池塘养殖草鱼(P<0.05)。综上可知,山泉流水养殖草鱼在蛋白与脂肪含量、肌肉抗氧化能力、氨基酸平衡性及脂肪酸质量等方面优于普通池塘养殖草鱼。 相似文献
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Suwanit Chainark 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(2):171-185
Three channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) ponds were treated at two-week intervals with sodium nitrate at 2 mg NO3 ?-N/L per application and three ponds served as controls. Average concentration of nitrite-nitrogen measured midway between application dates never exceeded 1.2 mg/L in treated ponds, but on most sampling dates, nitrate concentrations were greater than those in control ponds (P < 0.1). Disappearance of nitrate-nitrogen from waters of treated ponds resulted primarily from nitrate reduction to free nitrogen gas. Soluble reactive and total phosphorus concentrations tended to be higher (P < 0.1) in treated ponds than in control ponds. There were no differences (P > 0.1) in pH and concentrations of total alkalinity, total ammonia nitrogen, and dissolved oxygen between treated and control ponds. The higher chlorophyll a concentration (P < 0.1) suggested that greater availability of nutrients in treated ponds resulted in more phytoplankton growth than in control ponds. Because of greater phytoplankton biomass, turbidity was higher and Secchi disk visibility less in treated ponds as compared to control ponds (P < 0.1). There were no obvious differences in phytoplankton community composition with respect to treatment—blue-green algae dominated the phytoplankton community in both treated and control ponds. Redox potential in sediment during crops was higher in ponds treated with sodium nitrate than in control ponds, indicating less anaerobic conditions. However, catfish survival, production, and feed conversion ratio did not differ (P > 0.1) between treatment and control. 相似文献
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四联活菌制剂对养殖水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐的降解 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用四联活菌制剂,在室内进行了对养殖池塘水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐的降解试验.结果表明,光合细菌、纳豆芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、硝化细菌具有较好的氨氮、亚硝酸盐降解性能,随着添加质量浓度的增加,氨氮、亚硝酸盐的去除率增加;各菌株氨氮降解能力依次为:乳酸菌＞光合细菌＞硝化细菌＞纳豆芽孢杆菌;亚硝酸盐降解能力依次为:硝化细菌＞纳豆芽孢杆菌＞光合细菌＞乳酸菌.四联活菌制剂对养殖水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐降解试验结果表明,乳酸菌、光合细菌、硝化细菌、纳豆芽孢杆菌的协同作用对氨氮、亚硝酸盐的降解效果更显著、快速.当制剂添加量分别为1.5、3.0、4.5 kg/hm~2时,5 d氨氮的去除率分别为52%、80%、74%,亚硝酸盐的去除率接近100%,结果均显著高于添加同剂量单一菌株时的氨氮、亚硝酸盐的去除率. 相似文献
18.
近年来,极端高温灾害已成为限制仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)产业可持续发展的重要瓶颈之一。本团队前期研发出一款可实现池塘养殖刺参安全度夏的池塘冷能气雾降温设备,取得了较好的应用效果。为解析使用该设备对池塘环境的调控作用,本研究选取安装并使用该设备的5个池塘(实验组,根据相对区域的不同,标记为E1和E2组)和无任何降温措施的3个池塘(对照组,标记为C组)为研究对象,测定夏季高温期实验池塘水质及底质指标,并利用高通量测序技术对相应池塘沉积物中菌群结构差异进行解析,进一步分析细菌群落结构与相关环境影响因子的相关性。研究结果显示,2个实验组池塘的底层平均水温显著低于对照组,水体溶解氧含量显著高于对照组,水体氨氮和沉积物氨氮、亚硝酸氮以及化学需氧量均显著低于对照组池塘(P<0.05)。对2个实验组和1个对照组共8个测试池塘的沉积物菌群结构进行测定后分别获得707~880个分类操作单元(optical transform unit, OTU),α多样性计算结果显示,实验组沉积物菌群群落丰度和微生物群落多样性均高于对照组。对8个样品的PCoA分析结果显示,各组内养殖池塘沉积物样本的菌群组成及群落结构相似性较高,组间差异明显。在目水平的物种分布统计结果显示,2个实验组的物种组成相似性较高,实验组中根瘤菌目(Rhizobiales)、乳杆菌目(Lactobacillales)和微球菌目(Micrococcales)的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。LefSe分析筛选到在不同组间存在显著差异的13个细菌群类(P<0.05)。对菌群结构与环境因子的相关性分析显示,参与氮循环过程的微生物种类丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),进一步筛选到与实验池塘水体氨氮含量显著相关的3个OTUs,分别为OTU7、OTU29和OTU108,依次归属为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)下的苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum)和埃希氏菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)以及厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)下的芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)。在所预测到的25个原核生物COG代谢途径中,实验组和对照组在18个代谢途径上存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。以上研究结果表明,使用该设备可显著改善池塘水质及底质环境,并影响沉积物菌群结构,相关研究结果可为该设备的推广应用提供数据支撑。 相似文献
19.
Common water quality variables in nine, inland low‐salinity shrimp ponds in Alabama exhibited wide variation in concentrations among ponds and over time. Shrimp performance also varied considerably among ponds in 2008 as follows: survival, 16–128%; production, 928–5950 kg/ha; feed conversion ratio (FCR), 1.18–2.89. Measured water quality variables were not at concentrations high enough to be lethal to shrimp; but water temperature, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, total ammonia nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium were occasionally outside optimum ranges for shrimp production and may have stressed shrimp. Survival and production both were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with increasing concentrations of methyl orange alkalinity, total alkalinity, and calcium hardness. Negative correlations (P < 0.05) between production and higher pH and water temperature may have resulted from lower water temperature and pH during final days of the crop in ponds harvested in October rather than from an actual effect of temperature and pH on growth. Nevertheless, those variables that were outside optimal ranges or correlated with shrimp survival or growth should be further investigated to ascertain whether or not excursions outside optimum ranges are harmful and to determine if observed correlations are causal. 相似文献
20.
Jason J. Danaher James H. Tidwell Shawn D. Coyle Siddhartha Dasgupta Paul V. Zimba 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2007,38(3):367-382
The effects of different densities of caged Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, on water quality, phytoplankton populations, prawn, and total pond production were evaluated in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, production ponds. The experiment consisted of three treatments with three 0.04‐ha replicates each. All ponds were stocked with graded, nursed juvenile prawn (0.9 ± 0.6 g) at 69,000/ha. Control (CTL) ponds contained only prawns. Low‐density polyculture (LDP) ponds also contained two cages (1 m3; 100 fish/cage) of monosex male tilapia (115.6 ± 22 g), and high‐density polyculture (HDP) ponds had four cages. Total culture period was 106 d for tilapia and 114 d for prawn. Overall mean afternoon pH level was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) in polyculture ponds than in CTL ponds but did not differ (P > 0.05) between LDP and HDP. Phytoplankton biovolume was reduced in polyculture treatments. Tilapia in the LDP treatment had significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) harvest weights than in the HDP treatment. Prawn weights were higher (P ≤ 0.05) in polyculture than prawn monoculture. These data indicate that a caged tilapia/freshwater prawn polyculture system may provide pH control while maximizing pond resources in temperate areas. 相似文献