共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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《分子植物育种》2021,19(5):1451-1465
Aux/IAA基因家族是植物激素生长素(Auxin)早期反应的三大家族之一,研究Aux/IAA基因家族有利于深入探讨生长素信号转导分子机制,而油棕Aux/IAA基因家族的全基因组分析尚无报道。本研究利用生物信息学方法在油棕中鉴定到55个Aux/IAA家族基因,染色体定位分析表明其中50个分布在油棕的除第5、第13、第14、第15染色体外的不同染色体上;聚类分析将油棕Aux/IAA分为A、B两大类群,8个亚族;分析油棕Aux/IAA基因的表达模式,表明其Aux/IAA基因家族不同亚族基因的表达模式存在较大差异,其中一些基因可能与油棕的授粉受精过程相关。本研究将为油棕Aux/IAA基因家族各基因的具体功能研究提供一定的理论依据,并对油棕育种研究和高产栽培提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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中国油棕种质材料的遗传多样性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为开发利用中国油棕种质资源,从DNA分子水平上对海南和云南油棕种质资源进行遗传多样性研究。应用ISSR技术对海南和云南的85份油棕种质材料进行遗传多样性分析,用23个引物对所有85个新引进油棕种质及原有油棕种质材料进行ISSR扩增,23个引物共扩增出201条带,其中多态性条带占78.6%。聚类分析的结果显示,采自海南、云南的新选育油棕种质及原有的油棕种质材料基本上能按不同的采集地点或不同的来源途径而分别聚类在一起。 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2021,19(19):6277-6289
油棕(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)是世界上最重要的油料作物之一,其中果皮含有的棕榈油极其丰富。MYB蛋白是一类广泛存在于真核生物中的转录因子,在植物的生长发育中发挥重要调控作用。本研究基于油棕中果皮转录组的测序结果为基础,利用生物信息学对油棕MYB基因家族进行全面鉴定,并对这些基因的结构、保守域和果实发育不同时期动态表达进行研究,解析油棕MYB转录因子在油棕发育过程中的生物学功能。结果发现,本研究中的38个油棕MYB转录因子,包含26个R2R3-MYB型和8个MYB-related型,以及2个3R-MYB型,不包含4R-MYB类型;MYB蛋白编码约200～700个氨基酸,等电点在4.5～9.5之间;亚细胞定位预测结果显示,所有MYB基因均定位于细胞核中;油棕MYB蛋白具有相似的保守基序组成,38个基因主要分布在13条染色体上,含有1到10个外显子数目;油棕MYB转录因子与多个物种的MYB转录因子具有序列同源性和进化亲缘性;表达模式分析发现,MYB家族基因存在差异表达,且具有几种不同的表达趋势。该研究结果为今后油棕MYB转录因子的脂类代谢途径研究以及功能和调控机制提供重要的研究基础。 相似文献
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油棕产业调查分析及中国发展油棕产业的建议 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
摘 要：油棕是热带地区重要的木本油料作物,也是世界上生产效率最高的产油植物,其主要产品棕榈油和棕榈仁油具有广泛的应用领域。由于棕榈油在我国食用植物油消费中占据重要地位,且100%依赖进口,因此,油棕在我国具有重大战略地位。本文主要分析了在我国发展油棕产业的现状,并对油棕产业的发展提出了建议。 相似文献
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本研究旨在为中国油棕产业的持续健康发展提供一些有益的启示。首先阐述了开展油棕有害生物综合防治与生态安全问题研究在中国油棕产业发展中的意义,然后对国内外油棕病虫鼠害发生情况做了概述,重点阐述了有害生物综合防治的原则及监测预警系统的构建,最后提出了油棕产业中有害生物综合治理的5项措施。 相似文献
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为了给亚麻种质资源创新提供新的思路,推动亚麻育种研究的进一步发展,简要介绍了亚麻育种研究现状,总结了基因工程技术、植物组织培养技术和分子标记技术在亚麻育种中的应用。并提出加强远缘杂交育种研究、利用分子标记辅助选择提高杂交育种的效率和效果是亚麻育种研究的重点;建立和完善亚麻花药培养技术,是建立高效亚麻育种技术体系、培育突破性新品种的关键;建立高效的转基因育种技术体系是亚麻育种研究的重要方向。 相似文献
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Elaeis oleifera or ‘caiaué’, a close relative of oil palm (E. guineensis), has some agronomic traits of great interest for the oil palm genetic breeding such as slow growth, oil quality (mostly
unsaturated) and disease resistance. An analysis of a Brazilian oil palm germplasm collection was carried out using RAPD (Random
Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers with the objective of understanding the genetic variation of ‘caiaué’ accessions collected
in the Amazon Forest in the last two decades. A sample of 175 accessions obtained along the Amazon River Basin was analyzed
and compared to 17 accessions of oil palm from Africa. Ninety-six RAPD markers were used in the analysis, of which fourteen
were shown to be specific to oil palm, while twelve were specific to ‘caiaué’. Results showed that the Brazilian ‘caiaué’
accessions studied have moderate levels of genetic diversity as compared to oil palm accessions. The data allowed the establishment
of similarity groups for ‘caiaué’ accessions, which is useful for selecting parental plants for population breeding. Cluster
analysis showed that, in general, genetic similarities are not correlated to geographical distances, but consistent with geographical
dispersal along the Amazon River network. AMOVA showed that most of the genetic variation is found within populations, as
expected for anallogamous and long-lived perennial species. The study provides important information to define strategies
for future collection expeditions, for germplasm conservation and for the use of E. oleifera in breeding programs.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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J. C. Ascenso 《Euphytica》1966,15(2):268-277
The methods and techniques of oil palm selection and breeding are discussed in relation to the problems of the oil palm industry in Portuguese Guinea.A general survey of the oil palm populations, both cultivated and natural palm groves, was carried out in order to determine existing varieties, their distribution, range of variability, disease incidence and palm oil quality.Yield was established as the major aim in the breeding programme. Short-stem habit and adaptability to different sets of conditions are also considered.Both a long-term and a short-term project are undertaken simultaneously.The long-term programme includes selection of Deli female parents, pollen and seed introductions from pisifera and tenera palms selected in San Thome and single crosses among selected parents. Emphasis is laid on the Deli × pisifera cross to increase oil content, though Deli × tenera and Deli × Deli seed are also produced.The short-term programme involves multiple crosses. A number of mass-selected Deli palms is pollinated using pollen from pisifere or tenera palms selected in San Thome. As a result of the short-term programme over 450,000 hybrid seeds were produced up to the end of 1964.Abbreviations INEAC
Institut National pour l'Étude Agronomique du Congo Belge
- IRHO
Institut de Recherches pour les Huiles et Oléagineux
- MEAU
Missão de Estudos Agronómicos do Ultramar
- WAIFOR
West African Institute for Oil Palm Research 相似文献
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A. C. Soh 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):13-21
Summary Breeding values obtained from best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) were used to rank nine pisifera (P) male parents belonging to two different but related genetic groups, utilising highly unbalanced data from three D (Dura) × P progeny-test trials of oil palm. The traits studied were fresh fruit bunch yield (FFB), total number of bunches (BNo), average bunch weight (BW), oil to bunch percentage (OB) and average annual height increment (HINC). Four P's from the AVROS genetic group had higher breeding values for FFB, BNo and OB while five P's from the Dumpy-AVROS group were superior in breeding values for BW and HINC. Selection of parents based on the average of the rankings in breeding value for BNo, OB and HINC for each parent tended to favour AVROS P's. However, selection of parents based on the aggregate genetic worth function involving relative economic values, tended to favour Dumpy-AVROS P's. The latter method is preferred to the average ranking method because of its emphasis on relative economic values and the selection index approach.It is suggested that the BLUP technique may prove to be a very useful tool in oil palm breeding. 相似文献
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J. B. Wonkyi-Appiah 《Euphytica》1987,36(2):505-511
Summary A study was conducted on the segregating populations from tenera × tenera, tenera x fertile Pisifera crosses and tenera selfings. Pisifera palms were categorised as (1) fertile Pisifera palms if producing mature ripe bunches regularly under natural conditions, and (2) partially female sterile pisifera palms if producing a few or no bunches in several years.Based on observations on the segregation patterns of the fruit forms (dura, tenera and pisifera) and bunch production patterns, a genetic model was formulated to explain the genetic basis of fertility in the oil palm. Fertility in the oil palm is shown to be controlled by a single gene which is linked to the gene controlling fruit form. Chi-square tests confirmed that the model agreed with the segregating ratios of fruit form and fertility observed.The implications of this finding with regard to oil palm breeding and improvement, and the potential of the fertile pisifera palm for increasing palm oil yields in plantations are discussed. 相似文献
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In the past decade, oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has become the world’s most important oil crop. The large demand for palm oil has resulted in a rapid expansion of oil palm cultivation across the globe. Because of the dwindling availability of land in Southeast Asia, most expansion of the industry is expected in Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa, where land with suitable agro-ecological conditions is available. Using Ghana as a case study, a method for evaluating areas that are both suitable and available for oil palm production is presented. Our assessment used spatial data and GIS techniques, and showed that areas with suitable climatic conditions (annual average water deficit <400 mm) is about 20% greater than was previously identified. The observed differences are the result of using different methods to determine suitability, and climate change. A major climatic factor limiting suitability for oil palm production in Ghana is the annual water deficit, with the most suitable areas located in the rainforest and semi-deciduous forest zones with higher rainfall in southern Ghana. Opportunities for large-scale oil palm plantation development is limited, however, because of the lack of availability of large and contiguous tracts of land that are required for commercial plantation oil palm development. A feasible strategy for oil palm expansion is therefore smallholder production, which can make use of smaller parcels of land. Alternatively, oil palm production in Ghana can be increased by yield intensification on land already planted to oil palm. This can also reduce the requirement for further land clearance for new plantations to meet the growing demand for palm oil. Such assessments will be essential for guiding government policy makers and investors considering investments in oil palm development. 相似文献
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R. Blaak 《Euphytica》1972,21(1):22-26
Summary Precocity in the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is defined, for the purpose of this study, as the percentage of palms bearing female or hermaphrodite inflorescences 36 months after germination. A method of calculating breeding values for precocity is described and it is shown that the character is predictable. An upper limit for heritability (h2) of 0.68 and a correlation between observed and predicted values of r=+0.77 (significant at P=0.01) have been calculated from the available data. The available information suggests that precocity could easily be adjusted to the desired level by breeding and selection. 相似文献
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Palm oil production has increased in recent decades and is estimated to increase further globally. The optimal role of palm oil production, however, is controversial because of conflicts with other important land uses and ecosystem services. Local conditions and climate change affect resource competition and the desirability of palm oil production in the Niger Delta, Nigeria.The objectives of this study are to (1) establish a better understanding of the existing yield potentials of oil palm areas that could be used for integrated assessment models, (2) quantify for the first time uncertainties in yield potentials arising from the use of climate output data from different Global Circulation Models (GCM’s) with varied West African Monsoon (WAM) system representations forced to the same Regional Climate Models (RCM’s). We use the biophysical simulation model APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator) to simulate spatially variable impacts of climate change on oil palm yield over the Nigerian Niger Delta. Our results show that the impact of climate change on oil palm yield is considerable across our study region. The yield differences between the IPCC RCPs were small. The net impact of climate change on oil palm is positive and is dynamically inconsistent. There is no significant change in the simulated yield arising from the differences in the forcing’s data. We found the most effective strategy for oil palm yield optimization under climate change to be shifting of sowing dates and introduction of irrigation. 相似文献