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1.
The immune system develops in waves during ontogeny; it is initially populated by cells generated from fetal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and later by cells derived from adult HSCs. Remarkably, the genetic programs that control these two distinct stem cell fates remain poorly understood. We report that Lin28b is specifically expressed in mouse and human fetal liver and thymus, but not in adult bone marrow or thymus. We demonstrate that ectopic expression of Lin28 reprograms hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from adult bone marrow, which endows them with the ability to mediate multilineage reconstitution that resembles fetal lymphopoiesis, including increased development of B-1a, marginal zone B, gamma/delta (γδ) T cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cells. 相似文献
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Stadtfeld M Nagaya M Utikal J Weir G Hochedlinger K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5903):945-949
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Clinically successful hematopoietic cell transplantation is dependent on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Here we identify the matricellular protein Nephroblastoma Overexpressed (Nov, CCN3) as being essential for their functional integrity. Nov expression is restricted to the primitive (CD34) compartments of umbilical vein cord blood, and its knockdown in these cells by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference abrogates their function in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, forced expression of Nov and addition of recombinant Nov protein both enhance primitive stem and/or progenitor activity. Taken together, our results identify Nov (CCN3) as a regulator of human hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells. 相似文献
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To rigorously test the in vivo cell fate specificity of bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), we generated chimeric animals by transplantation of a single green fluorescent protein (GFP)-marked HSC into lethally irradiated nontransgenic recipients. Single HSCs robustly reconstituted peripheral blood leukocytes in these animals, but did not contribute appreciably to nonhematopoietic tissues, including brain, kidney, gut, liver, and muscle. Similarly, in GFP+:GFP- parabiotic mice, we found substantial chimerism of hematopoietic but not nonhematopoietic cells. These data indicate that "transdifferentiation" of circulating HSCs and/or their progeny is an extremely rare event, if it occurs at all. 相似文献
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A stem cell molecular signature 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ivanova NB Dimos JT Schaniel C Hackney JA Moore KA Lemischka IR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5593):601-604
Mechanisms regulating self-renewal and cell fate decisions in mammalian stem cells are poorly understood. We determined global gene expression profiles for mouse and human hematopoietic stem cells and other stages of the hematopoietic hierarchy. Murine and human hematopoietic stem cells share a number of expressed gene products, which define key conserved regulatory pathways in this developmental system. Moreover, in the mouse, a portion of the genetic program of hematopoietic stem cells is shared with embryonic and neural stem cells. This overlapping set of gene products represents a molecular signature of stem cells. 相似文献
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Upon intravenous transplantation, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can home to specialized niches, yet most HSCs fail to engraft unless recipients are subjected to toxic preconditioning. We provide evidence that, aside from immune barriers, donor HSC engraftment is restricted by occupancy of appropriate niches by host HSCs. Administration of ACK2, an antibody that blocks c-kit function, led to the transient removal of >98% of endogenous HSCs in immunodeficient mice. Subsequent transplantation of these mice with donor HSCs led to chimerism levels of up to 90%. Extrapolation of these methods to humans may enable mild but effective conditioning regimens for transplantation. 相似文献
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为研究胚胎不同时期VEGF、KDR和CD34在人卵黄囊中的表达情况,了解胚胎造血的发育过程和机理。采用免疫组织化学SP法卵黄囊冰冻切片进行染色,光镜观察。结果发现在第3￣4周的人卵黄囊低表达VEGF和KDR,不表达CD34。4￣6周组强表达VEGF、KDR和CD34。在血岛内阳性细胞大而圆,成簇或分散聚集,有些细胞沿血岛边缘形成血管样结构。6周以后,卵黄囊弱表达VEGF、KDR和CD34。上述结果提示卵黄囊可表达造血和血管生成相关因子,随胚胎发育呈阶段性表达。卵黄囊中出现造血干细胞和血管内皮细胞的分化。 相似文献
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CD4基因是质膜上的转运系统之一,为动物辅助性T细胞(TH)和部分胸腺细胞的共受体与信号传导分子,参与TCR介导的TH细胞活化和胸腺细胞分化过程.该研究首次克隆了山羊CD4基因(GenBank登录号:EU913093),并分析了该基因的组织表达情况.结果表明:所克隆的山羊CD4全长cDNA序列为1 555bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为1 368bp,编码455个氨基酸的蛋白,相对分子质量为5.05×104,等电点为9.52.山羊CD4蛋白前体由信号肽、胞外区、跨膜区和胞浆区4个部分构成.胞外区含有4个Ig样结构域,2个二硫键(C41—C109和C143—C180)及3个N糖基化位点(N231,N263和N343).氨基酸序列比对表明山羊CD4与绵羊CD4的氨基酸相似性为98%,与猪、人、兔、狗、猫、蝙蝠以及小鼠的氨基酸相似性分别为81%,74%,73%,72%,70%,70%和66%.系统发育树表明山羊CD4与绵羊和猪的CD4蛋白聚成一支,表明它们有较近的亲缘关系,其中山羊与绵羊的亲缘关系最近,而与狗、蝙蝠、兔、人和小鼠的亲缘关系相对较远.实时荧光定量PCR分析发现,CD4在山羊淋巴中的表达量最高,在睾丸中表达量较低,表明山羊CD4是一种免疫分子. 相似文献
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Depletion of CD4+ T cells in major histocompatibility complex class II-deficient mice 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
M J Grusby R S Johnson V E Papaioannou L H Glimcher 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,253(5026):1417-1420
The maturation of T cells in the thymus is dependent on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. By disruption of the MHC class II Ab beta gene in embryonic stem cells, mice were generated that lack cell surface expression of class II molecules. These MHC class II-deficient mice were depleted of mature CD4+ T cells and were deficient in cell-mediated immune responses. These results provide genetic evidence that class II molecules are required for the maturation and function of mature CD4+ T cells. 相似文献
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《农业科学学报》2017,(11)
Male germline stem cells(m GSCs) are unique adult germ cells with self-renewal potential and spermatogenesis function in the testis.However,further studies are needed to establish a long-term cultural system of m GSCs in vitro,especially for large animals such as bovine m GSCs.In this study,we first established a stable immortalized bovine male germline stem cell line by transducing Simian virus 40(SV40) large T antigen.The proliferation of these cells was improved significantly.These cells could express spermatogonial stem cell(SSC)-specific markers,such as PLZF,PGP9.5,VASA,LIN28 A,and CD49 F,both in the m RNA and protein levels.Additionally,these cells could be differentiated into three germ layer cells to enter meiosis,form colonies,and proliferate in the seminiferous tubules of busulfan-induced infertile mice.The immortalized bovine m GSCs maintain the criteria of m GSCs. 相似文献
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Mold JE Venkatasubrahmanyam S Burt TD Michaëlsson J Rivera JM Galkina SA Weinberg K Stoddart CA McCune JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6011):1695-1699
Although the mammalian immune system is generally thought to develop in a linear fashion, findings in avian and murine species argue instead for the developmentally ordered appearance (or "layering") of distinct hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that give rise to distinct lymphocyte lineages at different stages of development. Here we provide evidence of an analogous layered immune system in humans. Our results suggest that fetal and adult T cells are distinct populations that arise from different populations of HSCs that are present at different stages of development. We also provide evidence that the fetal T cell lineage is biased toward immune tolerance. These observations offer a mechanistic explanation for the tolerogenic properties of the developing fetus and for variable degrees of immune responsiveness at birth. 相似文献
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Aoi T Yae K Nakagawa M Ichisaka T Okita K Takahashi K Chiba T Yamanaka S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5889):699-702
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Christopherson KW Hangoc G Mantel CR Broxmeyer HE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5686):1000-1003
Hematopoietic stem cell homing and engraftment are crucial to transplantation efficiency, and clinical engraftment is severely compromised when donor-cell numbers are limiting. The peptidase CD26 (DPPIV/dipeptidylpeptidase IV) removes dipeptides from the amino terminus of proteins. We present evidence that endogenous CD26 expression on donor cells negatively regulates homing and engraftment. By inhibition or deletion of CD26, it was possible to increase greatly the efficiency of transplantation. These results suggest that hematopoietic stem cell engraftment is not absolute, as previously suggested, and indicate that improvement of bone marrow transplant efficiency may be possible in the clinic. 相似文献
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Madakamutil LT Christen U Lena CJ Wang-Zhu Y Attinger A Sundarrajan M Ellmeier W von Herrath MG Jensen P Littman DR Cheroutre H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5670):590-593
Memory T cells are long-lived antigen-experienced T cells that are generally accepted to be direct descendants of proliferating primary effector cells. However, the factors that permit selective survival of these T cells are not well established. We show that homodimeric alpha chains of the CD8 molecule (CD8alphaalpha) are transiently induced on a selected subset of CD8alphabeta+ T cells upon antigenic stimulation. These CD8alphaalpha molecules promote the survival and differentiation of activated lymphocytes into memory CD8 T cells. Thus, memory precursors can be identified among primary effector cells and are selected for survival and differentiation by CD8alphaalpha. 相似文献
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Normal development of mice deficient in beta 2M, MHC class I proteins, and CD8+ T cells 总被引：45，自引：0，他引：45
Major histocompatibility class I proteins display viral and self antigens to potentially responsive cells and are important for the maturation of T cells; beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) is required for their normal expression. Mouse chimeras derived from embryonic stem cells with a disrupted beta 2M gene transmitted the inactivated gene to their progeny. Animals homozygous for the mutated beta 2M gene were obtained at expected frequencies after further breeding. The homozygotes appeared normal, although no class I antigens could be detected on their cells and the animals are grossly deficient in CD4- CD8+ T cells, which normally mediate cytotoxic T cell function. 相似文献
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目的探讨大鼠骨髓干细胞的体外分离、培养和诱导生成内皮祖细胞的的可行性,并检测其表型和功能。方法取大鼠长骨骨髓细胞,第3代细胞传代后加用终质量浓度10μg/L的血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的细胞因子,培养3 d后行内皮细胞特异性成分鉴定。结果（1）免疫组化染色鉴定：P3代CD133呈中度阳性表现,CD34呈弱阳性表现;经VEGF诱导后表达明显增强。（2）流式细胞仪细胞计数鉴定：P3代CD133、CD34阳性细胞率分别为97.3%、55.5%;经VEGF诱导后CD133、CD34阳性细胞率分别为91.4%、78.6%。（3）P3代VEGF诱导后乙酰化低密度脂蛋白（ac-LDL）、荆豆凝集素（UEA）双染鉴定：经VEGF诱导的P3代细胞ac-LDL和FITC-UEA-1双荧光染色阳性率（70.2±5.1）%,未经VEGF诱导后的P3代细胞ac-LDL和FITC-UEA-1双荧光染色阳性率（20.4±3.8）%。（4）RealTime-PCR检测第3代VEGF cell和三代cell的内皮细胞特异性成分表达：P3 VEGF cell血管内皮生长因子受体2（VEGF-R2）浓度是P3cell的2.22倍。结论用贴壁筛选法和VEGF细胞因子培养大鼠骨髓干细胞可以获得较高纯度的内皮祖细胞（EPCs）,该细胞具有内皮祖细胞的特性,可用于进一步向内皮细胞分化的研究与应用。 相似文献
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分离鉴定羚牛骨髓间充质干细胞,为开展羚牛细胞治疗与体细胞核移植的深入研究提供有效载体。分离培养来源于羚牛骨髓的间充质干细胞;通过染色体G显带技术进行核型分析;利用流式细胞技术检测细胞表面标记物;通过定向诱导培养探究细胞的分化潜能。结果表明,羚牛骨髓间充质干细胞能够维持正常核型,对间充质干细胞特异性表面标记 CD105、CD73、CD90、CD166、CD44呈阳性,对 CD14(单核细胞和巨噬细胞标记物),CD19(b细胞标记物),CD34(造血干细胞标记物),CD45(泛白细胞标记物)和 HLA-DR均呈阴性,具有成脂、成骨与成软骨多向分化潜能。表明成功分离羚牛骨髓间充质干细胞并对其表面抗原与分化潜能进行鉴定,为羚牛生物多样性保护与内源物种间充质干细胞的应用研究奠定基础。 相似文献