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１ 前 言 云南省马铃薯种植区划中,云南南部及西南部属于春播马铃薯不太适宜区,大多数地方的气候不适宜春播马铃薯的种植,少数较凉的高山区,虽有零星种植,但结薯少,薯形小,产量较低。一些专家认为,在有耐热品种和热带地区推广马铃薯栽培技术成熟情况下,可适当发展秋（９月－翌年１月）、冬（１２月～翌年４月）季马铃薯栽培。据１９９２年统计,全区马铃薯总种植面积约１万多ｈｍ~２,平均单产约６．７ｔ／ｈｍ~２;其中冬马铃薯面积约占４３．８％,平均单产不到６．３ｔ／ｈｍ~２。近年全省面积推广种植脱毒马铃薯,本区马铃薯种… 相似文献
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马铃薯、玉米是浙西南山区的主要粮食作物之一.过去当地农民种植马铃薯、玉米等作物均很少抓套种和复种.因此土地和光热资源利用率不高,农田种植收益也较差.近年来,为了优化种植业结构,大力发展效益农业,努力增加山区农民的经济收入,我们积极开展了"马铃薯套种春玉米再复种秋黄瓜"三熟种植模式的试验和示范.多年实践表明:采用"马铃薯、鲜食玉米、秋黄瓜"三熟种植方式,既能充分利用山区的光温资源,提高土地利用率;又可充分利用马铃薯根系分布较浅,玉米根系分布较深,分别吸收不同土层养分的优势,提高肥料利用率和土地的产出率,促使三熟作物增产增收,显著提高农田的种植效益. 相似文献
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中国南方多熟种植的发展现状、功能及前景分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《作物研究》2016,(5)
中国南方是多熟种植的主体,发挥多熟制集约化程度高的优势有助于藏粮于地、藏粮于技。长江中下游地区多熟种植主要模式:油菜—双季稻、油菜—单季稻、绿肥—双季稻和稻麦两熟制;华南多熟种植模式以冬作物—双季稻为主,如小麦(马铃薯)—双季稻等;西南地区多熟种植主要模式:春菜—水稻—秋冬菜、水稻—马铃薯(泽泻)、小麦(油菜)—水稻—秋菜。近年来四川玉米大豆间套作发展迅速。中国南方多熟种植能提高生态经济效益,改善作物品质和土壤质量,减少生物灾害,保障粮食安全与社会稳定。未来多熟种植仍是中国种植模式的主流,必须力求多熟种植集约化和持续化最大融合,积极推进传统多熟农艺科学化、现代化和机械化。 相似文献
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河北二季作区马铃薯春季多膜覆盖高效种植模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中国马铃薯》2015,(4):213-216
针对河北省二季作区气候特点,总结出马铃薯多膜覆盖高效栽培模式和各种植区域适宜品种及相应茬口安排,为河北省二季作区马铃薯科学种植提供依据。马铃薯地膜覆盖栽培模式适用于河北省二季作区大部分地区;粮区可以复种夏玉米,棉区可套种棉花,或复种夏播棉;山区可以套种夏玉米。马铃薯拱棚覆盖种植模式,适宜菜区倒茬种植,比地膜覆盖可提早10 d播种、收获,下茬可复种粘玉米+秋菠菜。马铃薯双膜覆盖栽培技术,比地膜覆盖提前20 d播种、收获;下茬可以复种大葱+大白菜,适宜菜区应用。马铃薯三膜覆盖极早熟种植模式,比地膜覆盖提前30 d播种、收获,鲜薯价格高,效益可观,适宜菜区应用;下茬复种黄瓜+大白菜;大葱+大白菜;越夏番茄+大白菜。 相似文献
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宁夏马铃薯产业发展现状、优势与设想 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
宁夏马铃薯主产区集中在南部山区，引黄灌区有少量种植。上世纪80年代以前，宁南山区马铃薯种植面积约6．6万hm^2。90年代以后，由于农业结构调整、淀粉加工业带动和气候变化影响，宁南山区马铃薯种植面积迅速扩大。“九五”期间年均达到9．8万hm^2，比“八五”期间年均扩大 相似文献
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恩施山区马铃薯与玉米、蔬菜立体种植模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了增加单位面积产值,充分利用有限的耕地,恩施州农户巧妙地将马铃薯与玉米、蔬菜进行立体种植,获得相当可观的经济效益。本研究在充分调查的基础上对这种立体种植模式进行了试验。研究方法为在海拔855m的地方采用双行玉米套种单行马铃薯,在玉米生育期内套种两季四季豆、一季白萝卜;对照为传统双行玉米套种单行马铃薯。试验结果为:立体种植模式马铃薯商品薯667m2产量达615.9kg,玉米产量达614.6kg,四季豆产量达1577.0kg,白萝卜产量达2755.0kg,667m2总产值达4149.4元,净产值达3044.9元,比传统种植模式的净产值增加509.7%。 相似文献
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福建省马铃薯区试、审定、推广工作的现状对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
<正>福建省是中国最早种植马铃薯的地区之一,属南方秋冬春三作区,主要是冬春种植,是南方马铃薯冬种的优势区和主产区。由于冬种马铃薯不与粮食争地,近年来,福建省马铃薯生产长足发展,常 相似文献
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榆林市马铃薯产业发展优势、问题及对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>榆林是全国和全省的马铃薯主产区和优势产区之一。目前,全市马铃薯种植面积达15万hm2左右,全省种植面积60%,占全国种植面积的3.5%,全市粮食作物种植面积的30%。马铃薯是榆林市第一大宗农作物,对于振兴榆林农村经济,增加农民收入起着十分重要的作用。 相似文献
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Systemic and asymptomatic Neotyphodium fungal endophytes infect numerous species of the Poaceae. The frequencies of Neotyphodium endophyte infection in Finland were investigated among and within seven Nordic cultivars of meadow fescue, Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv., which is a widely grown pasture and forage grass species in Scandinavia. The cultivars were Kasper, Salten, Antti, Fure, Ilmari, Inkeri and Kalevi. Frequencies of infection of cultivars varied from endophyte-free cultivar Fure to highly infected cultivar Inkeri [mean (standard deviation of mean) of 0·95 (0·023)]. Mean frequencies of infection of three cultivars remained lower than 0·10, and two of the cultivars, Kasper and Salten, were intermediately infected. In most of the cultivars, frequencies of infection varied only slightly among seed lots. In cultivar Kasper, however, the frequency of endophyte infection was highly variable (0–0·96) among the 45 seed lots examined. The relative importance of cultivar, seed lot and infection by Neotyphodium endophyte to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. was studied experimentally, using both endophyte-free and endophyte-infected plants of four seed lots of the two intermediately infected cultivars. Endophyte infection increased plant resistance to R. padi , overriding the influences of seed lot and cultivar. It is proposed that variation caused by endophyte infections in cultivars of meadow fescue should be taken into account in assessing plant breeding programmes in Europe. 相似文献
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Quynh-Hoa Pham Xuan-An Tran Thi-Nha-Trang Nguyen Thi-Thuy-Anh Tran Hai-Yen Hoang Thi-Hong-Van Nguyen Thi-Hanh Tang Thi-Phuc Do 《水稻科学》2016,23(6):334
Rice(Oryza sativa) is sensitive to salinity, but the salt tolerance level differs among cultivars, which might result from natural variations in the genes that are responsible for salt tolerance. High-affinity potassium transporter(HKTs) has been proven to be involved in salt tolerance in plants. Therefore, we screened for natural nucleotide polymorphism in the coding sequence of Os HKT1, which encodes the HKT protein in eight Vietnamese rice cultivars differing in salt tolerance level. In total, seven nucleotide substitutions in coding sequence of Os HKT1 were found, including two non-synonymous and five synonymous substitutions. Further analysis revealed that these two non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions(G50T and T1209A) caused changes in amino acids(Gly17Val and Asp403Glu) at signal peptide and the loop of the sixth transmembrane domain, respectively. To assess the potential effect of these substitutions on the protein function, the 3D structure of HKT protein variants was modelled by using PHYRE2 webserver. The results showed that no difference was observed when compared those predicted 3D structure of HKT protein variants with each other. In addition, the codon bias of synonymous substitutions cannot clearly show correlation with salt tolerance level. It might be interesting to further investigate the functional roles of detected non-synonymous substitutions as it might correlate to salt tolerance in rice. 相似文献
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Russell Pressey 《American Journal of Potato Research》1969,46(8):291-297
Freshly harvested potatoes contain low levels of total invertase and high levels of invertase inhibitor. Total invertase increases sharply when potatoes are placed in cold storage, but the inhibitor is not depleted in all varieties. The absence of basal invertase activity in Norchip tubers indicates that an excess of invertase is not required for reducing sugar formation. Analyses of 37 varieties and seedlings after 3 months cold storage revealed that the reducing sugar content is not proportional to the invertase activity. High sugar contents are associated with low inhibitor levels, but low sugars are not necessarily associated with high inhibitor levels. The results indicate that invertase participates in reducing sugar formation, but other factors are responsible for the regulation of starch-sugar conversion in potatoes during cold storage. 相似文献
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马铃薯试管苗组织培养及微型薯诱导技术的研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
通过加入不同浓度的BA、NAA和KT,以探讨外源激素对马铃薯试管苗生理性状的影响,发现低浓度的外源激素较适合用来进行试管苗的增殖。本试验利用香豆素进行微型薯的诱导,结果表明低浓度的香豆素对提高薯重和大薯率有利,而高浓度有利于提高微型薯的结薯数量。 相似文献
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Soomro MT Zahir E Mohiuddin S Khan AN Naqvi II 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(2):285-289
In present study, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd were analyzed by FAAS in green and black tea samples of locally available in the Pakistani market. Na and K were also determined by Flame Photometer. Tea leaves can be the source of mineral components and trace elements, as well as some undesirable substances due to exposure to the environment. Among the metals tested, K was the most abundant one followed by Na, Mn and Fe. Fortunately, toxic heavy metals, Pb and Cd, had the lowest contents in tea samples and also in tea aqueous extracts. Concentration of heavy metals in tea aqueous extract was markedly lower than their total contents except that of K. The solubility of studied metals in tea aqueous extract varied widely and ranged from 0.0-95%. The lowest ranges of solubility were listed for toxic heavy metals Pb and Cd. The possible uptake of metals by the human body from tea aqueous extract has also been determined. The amounts of metals that one may take up through consumption of tea aqueous extract were found to match the acceptable daily intake even taking into account exposure from air, food and drinking water. 相似文献
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我国发展能源油料作物的策略分析 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：5
分析了国内外植物油脂的供需形势、我国耕地和边际地利用潜力、油脂植物资源的种属分布特点等,提出发展我国能源油料作物和生物柴油产业的3点建议：加大对边际地、油脂植物资源的调查等基础平台性研究,为政府决策和产业服务;加强产学研结合,形成研究、推广、产业的良性循环;制定能源植物推广应用优惠政策、推动能源油料作物生产发展。 相似文献
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1 前 言目前 ,马铃薯脱毒快繁技术已广泛应用于科研与生产中 ,快繁过程中脱毒苗培养基支持体通常采用琼脂或直接采用液体培养。然而这两种培养基存在着诸多问题 ,例如琼脂培养基中的琼脂价格昂贵、成本高 ,而且胶体不利于营养物质的扩散、透气性差 ,导致瓶苗生长不良。因此 ,该实验在本着降低成本的同时 ,又能保证瓶苗正常生长的前提下 ,以蛭石代替琼脂 ,分析其在实际生产中的应用价值。2 材料与方法2 1 材料供试品种为郑薯 6号脱毒苗 ,试验于 2 0 0 2年在郑州市蔬菜研究所马铃薯脱毒实验室内进行。2 2 方法本试验设两个处理 :处理 1… 相似文献