共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
以内蒙古鄂托克旗为例,基于GMS中的MODFLOW模块构建了地下水流数值模拟模型,分析了模型结构(含水层厚度、参数分区)与模型参数不确定性因素对模拟结果的影响.研究结果表明:含水层不确定情景(含水层下边界概化为隔水底板平均值870 m)与实际情况水头差值绝对值的累计和最大为701 m,对模拟结果起了主控作用;当含水层下边界概化为910,940 m时,累计和分别增加为1 013,1 593 m;与仅考虑单个不确定性因素相比,同时考虑模型参数与含水层不确定情景累计和最大为738 m,同时考虑参数分区与含水层不确定情景累计和最大为791 m.因此,在构建地下水流数值模拟模型时,应优先考虑含水层空间结构概化的合理程度,同时考虑多个不确定性因素对模拟结果的综合影响,使地下水数值模拟模型能更精确地反映真实的地下水流状况. 相似文献
2.
基于GMS的地下水流数值模拟及参数敏感性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为提高地下水流数值模拟的精度,减小因水文地质参数不确定性而产生的误差,需要对数值模拟模型的水文地质参数进行灵敏度分析.在对老莱河流域某灌区地下水流数值模型识别和验证的基础上,采用因子变换法对渗透系数、给水度、大气降水入渗补给系数值进行敏感性分析.结果表明,地下水位对含水层的渗透系数最敏感,其次是大气降水入渗补给系数,河谷地区因含水层岩性变异度较大导致地下水位对该区参数变化较敏感.通过参数敏感度分析能够筛选出数值模型中的不确定性因素,从而避免模型调参的盲目性,提高区域地下水资源评价的可靠性. 相似文献
3.
根据沈阳某化工集团厂区水文地质条件以及地下水补给、排泄条件,将评价区含水层概化为单层非均质不等厚各向同性的二维非稳定潜水渗流系统,建立地下水渗流数学模型,利用Visual Modflow软件系统模拟、预测厂区地下水渗流场的变化规律.预测结果表明:以2005年地下水流场为初始流场,2010年与2005年相比地下水流场与现状相比近期变化不大;工业区扩大后,由于需水量的增加,开发区及周边于洪区两个水源地地下水降落漏斗扩大明显,2025年后地下水水力梯度在这两个水源地边缘增大. 相似文献
4.
为查明赵口引黄灌区中牟境内深层地下水允许可开采量,采用地下水流数值模拟软件GMS建立三维水流数值模型,对地下水资源进行评价计算。将开采井的开采层位根据其具体坐标和开采量加载在模型相应的网格上,在规划开采条件下按运行20年预测模型,得出该水源地2030年末深层地下水预测流场,分析深层采井附近的降落漏斗。 相似文献
5.
海水入侵对于沿海地下淡水资源的不利影响,极大地制约了沿海地区的社会经济发展。在沿海非承压含水层中修建地下坝,是防止海水入侵并保障沿海地下水资源安全的常用措施。在实际工程中,沿海含水层往往都是异质性的,特别是分层非均质性分布广泛。为深入探究沿海含水层的分层非均质性（含水层中间存在一个高渗透性夹层）对地下坝上游残余盐水清除过程的影响,基于SEAWAT-2000程序构建野外尺度下的二维海水入侵数值模型。利用该模型分析了针对不同地下坝高度、地下坝位置及高渗透性夹层厚度等多种情景下的残余盐水运移的变化规律。模拟结果表明,地下坝的合理布置可显著降低海水入侵范围与程度,相对于均质含水层,中间高渗透性夹层的存在将增大海水入侵的距离并降低盐水楔的高度。地下坝高度大于大坝所在处的盐水楔高度时,才能有效防止海水入侵并清除坝后残余盐水。残余盐水的清除时间将随着地下坝高度的增大而增加;同时,地下坝的布置位置与海洋边界的距离越近,清除坝后残余盐水所需的时间就越长。高渗透夹层的存在极大地改变了残余盐水的脱盐时间,与均质含水层相比,含有中间粗夹层的含水层的残余盐水清除时间将延长。研究还发现,随着中间粗夹层厚度的增大,... 相似文献
6.
为防止地下水资源过量开采及保证康平县开发区水源地的安全生产,根据该区的水文地质条件,利用地下水数值模拟软件Visual Modflow建立了地下水流数值模拟模型,数值模拟表明:该区地下水位计算值与实测值拟合较好,可以用来预测。利用该模型对不同开采方案下水源地的流场变化进行了预报期为15 a的预测。最后采用正交试验法对模型参数的敏感度进行了分析。 相似文献
7.
大型泵站出水流道三维流动及水力损失数值计算 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
根据研究低扬程泵站水泵装置的方法可以多样化的观念,提出了将出水流道从水泵装置中分离出来,进行出水流道内部流态数值模拟和水力损失计算的方法．介绍了低扬程大型泵站出水流道三维流场及水力损失数值计算的计算区域、边界条件及网格剖分等有关问题;给出了虹吸式和直管式等两种形式出水流道三维流场和水力损失数值计算的实例,并与流道模型试验的流场观察及水力损失测试结果进行了比较．结果表明：两种形式出水流道内部三维流动以及水力损失数值计算的结果,与流道模型试验的结果一致． 相似文献
8.
基于动网格的活动导叶流道内湍流场数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于任意拉格朗日欧拉框架下的二维时均N-S方程,应用非结构动网格技术,对某型号混流式水轮机活动导叶单流道内的导水机构关闭过程,进行了动态湍流数值模拟.利用CFD软件Fluent 6.3,采用非结构化三角形网格,标准k-ε湍流模型和压力速度耦合的PISO算法,真实地模拟了导水机构关闭的动态过程中,活动导叶流道内的压力场和速度场的瞬态变化过程.数值计算结果表明,导水机构两段折线关闭过程中,随着活动导叶开度的减小,流场发展呈现明显的非定常特性,水流绕过活动导叶后出现强的旋涡,对过渡过程的动态特性产生了影响.该方法能有效地模拟由于活动导叶动作诱发的流场脉动. 相似文献
9.
快速高效的数值计算方法对于地下水源热泵采能技术的发展及应用具有重要的实际工程意义．地下含水层的边界通常较为复杂,和非结构化网格相比,采用结构化网格计算方法可以有效减小数学方程离散的复杂度,并有利于发展地下水源热泵系统地下水渗流场自适应网格计算方法．为发展结构化网格计算方法,对位于含水层边界处的网格提出了一个在数学上简单有效的预处理方法,在计算过程中采用界面渗透率取代网格自身渗透率参与实际计算,并对含水层边界处网格的界面渗透率给出相应的计算方法．三维验证算例显示,对于非规则边界,即使采用网格尺度较大的正交规则网格,计算解也十分接近收敛解．提出仅对温度梯度变化较大的区域采用较小尺度的精细网格计算,而温度变化较缓的区域则采用不同层次的粗网格计算,利用自适应网格法计算地下水源热泵地下水渗流场,在保持计算精度的同时,计算速度得到了大幅度提高． 相似文献
10.
非正交曲线坐标系平面二维丁坝绕 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
将非正交曲线坐标系下的平面二维河道水流数学模型应用于丁坝绕流计算，克服了正交网格在对不规则边界进行局部模拟时存在的一些缺陷。几种丁坝布置方案下计算所得流速分布、局部流场、水面线变化结果与水槽试验结果吻合良好，表明模型具有较强的适应性和较高的精度，能应用于丁坝绕流计算。 相似文献
11.
Assessment of groundwater storage depletion by overexploitation using simple indicators in an irrigated closed aquifer basin in Iran 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In arid and semi-arid regions irrigation is usually needed to provide enough water for crop growth in cultivated areas. As surface waters are scarce, especially in summertime when the water is needed, groundwater is heavily used to supply the water demand. Overexploitation of the aquifer in dry years causes depletion of the groundwater storage and systematical lowering of the piezometric levels. This is a particular problem in aquifers developed in closed basins where lateral inflow is nearly absent and replenishment is constrained by rainfall recharge. In this paper, simple indicators derived from meteorological data, abstraction rates and piezometric time series are compared with the groundwater storage depletion as obtained from a calibrated groundwater flow model. Application of the method to the overexploited Shahrekord basin in Iran shows that for the simulated period 1989-2003 an accumulative index of the difference of aquifer recharge, as calculated by a soil moisture balance method, and groundwater abstraction has a correlation coefficient of nearly one with model calculated storage. Indicators based on the filling index derived from piezometric time series or on the ratio of aquifer discharge to recharge have slightly lower correlations. The accumulated index indicator can be used to follow aquifer storage in the future without the need to run the full groundwater flow model. This simple approximation is restricted to aquifer systems with a limited lateral inflow and outflow. 相似文献
12.
The Syrdarya river is an example of a transboundary basin with contradictory water use requirements between its upstream and downstream parts. Since the winter of 1992-93, the operational regime of the upstream Toktogul reservoir on the Naryn river - the main tributary of the Syrdarya - has shifted from irrigation to hydropower generation mode. This significantly increased winter flow and reduced summer flow downstream of the reservoir. Consequently, excessive winter flow is diverted to the saline depression called Arnasai, while water for summer irrigation is lacking. This study suggests to store the excessive winter flows temporarily in the upstream aquifers of the Fergana valley and to use it subsequently for irrigation in summer. It is estimated that groundwater development for irrigation could be practiced on one-third of the irrigated land of the valley, and conjunctive use of groundwater and canal water on another third; the rest will remain under canal irrigation. This strategy will lower the groundwater table and create aquifer capacity for temporal storage of excessive water—“water banking”. This use of the term is only one of many concepts to which “water banking” or “groundwater banking” is applied. In this paper, the term is applied for temporary storing of river flow in subsurface aquifers. Pilot modeling studies for the Sokh aquifer - one of the 18 aquifers of the Fergana valley - supported that this strategy is a feasible solution for the upstream-downstream issues in the Syrdarya river basin. Field studies of water banking are required to determine the scale of adoption of the proposed strategy for each aquifer of the Fergana valley. 相似文献
13.
《Agricultural Water Management》2005,75(3):194-225
Agriculture is the main non-point polluter of groundwater in irrigated areas as fertilizers and other agrochemicals are the main contaminants in the water that drains out of the root zone to recharge the aquifer. Nitrates from fertilizers, dissolved in percolation losses from rice fields, are the source of pollution considered. The concentration of nitrates in the percolated water depends on the distributed field water and nitrogen balances over the area. Its concentration in the groundwater depends on the total recharge, pollution loading, groundwater flow and solute transport within the aquifer. The development and application of a GIS based decision support framework that integrates field scale models of these processes for assessment of non-point-source pollution of groundwater in canal irrigation project areas is presented. The GIS is used for representing the spatial variations in input data over the area and map the output of the recharge and nitrogen balance models. The latter are used to provide the spatially distributed recharge and pollutant load inputs to the distributed groundwater flow and transport models, respectively. Alternate strategies for water and fertilizer use can be evaluated using this framework to ensure long-term sustainability of productive agriculture in large irrigation projects. The development and application of the framework is illustrated by taking a case study of a large canal irrigation system in India. 相似文献
14.
为合理评价阿克苏河流域地下水资源,通过野外试验及收集前人研究成果运用传统统计学和地统计学相结合的方法对阿克苏河流域渗透系数进行空间变异性及结构分析。结果表明:阿克苏河流域渗透系数变化潜水比承压水大;潜水含水层渗透系数受外界条件等随机性因素影响较大,承压水受含水层位置、地层岩性等结构性因素影响较大,最优变异函数拟合模型分别为高斯和指数模型;渗透系数南北向变异程度大于东西向,主变异方向为沿着阿克苏河流向;运用克里金插值得出渗透系数总体表现为由北向南逐渐减小,靠近河流处大于远离河流处,并给出潜水和承压水的参数分区及取值范围。该结论为阿克苏地区后期进行地下水资源评价和数值模拟提供了合理可靠的参数选取依据,并对其他地区的渗透系数研究具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
15.
Rice–Wheat rotation system utilizes surface, ground and rain water resources conjunctively. Recent studies have shown increasing
contribution of groundwater for crop irrigation. As the system utilizes water pumped from the underlying aquifer and partly
seeps back, a cycle of recharge and discharge continues. Sustainability of groundwater system for the on-going drought in
the country depends mainly on the recharge of the aquifer. The reported study was, therefore, carried out to measure and assess
the recharge contribution of a distributary of canal in Punjab, Pakistan. Assessment of recharge through distributary was
carried out using a groundwater flow “MODFLOW” model, which utilized the observed watertable, climatic, crop and soil for
a period of about 1 year in addition to hydraulic conductivity, evapotranspiration and aquifer characteristics data. The requisite
primary data for “MODFLOW” were collected from field and secondary data from public sector organizations dealing with water.
Model calibration involved changing input parameters within reasonable limits until acceptable matches were obtained between
the observed and simulated water levels for all observed hydrographs. The external inputs such as, recharge through irrigation,
precipitation, stresses due to evaporation, lateral flow and stream were simulated to calculate the monthly water budget of
aquifer. As concluded, recharge contribution was 16.5% of the inflow rate of the distributary. Using predicted results of
the model a relationship between recharge (R) and discharge (Q) was also developed. Although, the presented results of recharge
contribution were limited to one distributary of canal irrigation system, yet the developed methodology can be extended to
the other canal systems of the Indus Basin. 相似文献
16.
多尺度有限元法在地下水拟三维数 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
建立基于多尺度有限单元法的拟三维数学模型，模拟非均质多孔介质中的三维地下水流问题。根据多孔介质中区域饱和－非 饱和水分运动的特征，将三维流动转化为拟三维流动模型。对参数水平方向渐变的非均质多孔介质中的三维地下水流用多尺度有限单元法和传统等参有限单元法进行了计算，结果表明在模拟非均质多孔介质中的三维地下水流问题时，多尺度有限单元法比传统有限单元法有效，既节省计算量又有较高的精度。 相似文献
17.
《灌溉排水学报》2019,(8)
【目的】探究数值法与解析法在进行地下水环境影响评价时的差异,以及在进行地下水环境评价时,选择更为合适的计算方法。【方法】以四川省宜宾市某氯化法钛白粉项目为例,利用瞬时点源一维对流扩散模型、瞬时点源二维扩散模型和GMS数值模型研究非正常工况下苯储罐泄漏时污染物对地下水的影响,预测了污染物在潜水含水层中的中心运移距离、最大浓度和污染范围,并对3种方法的计算结果进行比较分析。【结果】一维对流模型只考虑地下水流向方向上的运移情况,计算结果最大,方法简单方便,参数要求较少,但精度较低,无法预测污染面积;二维扩散模型考虑了平面上的污染物分布情况,可以预测污染物范围及浓度变化,但预测运移距离较大,与实际的边界条件矛盾;GMS数值模型是三维模拟,计算精度高,更符合实际情况,但建模过程复杂,水文地质条件限制较多,所需水文地质参数较多,耗时较长。【结论】综上考虑,水文地质条件简单、地下水环境评价等级不高的工程项目使用解析法预测较为方便;在水文地质资料充足、评价等级高的区域使用数值法预测精度更高。 相似文献