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干燥过程中木材内部含水率检测的X射线扫描方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以红橡和黑胡桃木材为研究对象,采用X射线扫描方法测量常规热风干燥过程中木材厚度方向含水率分布和平均含水率的可行性。结果表明:采用X射线扫描无损检测方法可以实现干燥过程中同一木材试件含水率分布和平均含水率的动态检测;与称重法含水率测量值相比,在8%～68%的较宽含水率范围内,不论是在高含水率阶段还是在低含水率阶段,采用X射线扫描法测量木材含水率时,都具有较高的测量精度,测量值偏差最大不超过3%;在热风干燥过程中,所有试件含水率的称重法测定值与X射线扫描法测定值之间相关系数的平方都在0.97以上;X射线扫描方法具有扫描速度快、设备费用较低、测量精度高的特点,为木材含水率的动态检测提供了一种很好的技术手段。 相似文献
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刘宝祥 《林业机械与木工设备》1993,(4):79-82
室干过程中,测量木材的含水率是执行含水率基准和决定干燥终点的前提.木材易于产生弯曲,木材未干、板材含水率达不到标准若再次干燥,势必增加成本.监测干燥室内板材含水率有以下几种方法:用电阻和电容式水分仪测量;测量气流穿过材堆前后温度差,然后按经验公式推算含水率;用材堆的细 相似文献
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以黑胡桃木材为对象,采用X射线扫描含水率分布测试方法,分析、比较了微波干燥与常规热风干燥过程中木材内部含水率动态分布规律.结果表明:在微波干燥和常规热风干燥过程中,木材内层含水率均高于表层,存在着整体性的内高外低的含水率梯度场;在接个微波干燥过程中,木材内部虽然出现了部分内层含水率低于外层的情况,存在着含水率分布的局部不均匀,但并未出现与常规热风干燥相反的含水率梯度;在微波干燥中,木材内部各层与表层含水率的差值随着干燥时间的延长逐渐降低.随着干燥过程的进行,常规热风干燥中木材芯层与表层含水率差呈现出先增加后减小的变化趋势. 相似文献
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木材干燥是木材深加工的第一步，而干燥时木材含水率的控制是一个关键问题。为确保在木材干燥过程中对木材含水率的准确测量，使其能够准确表达出材堆的实际情况，人们常用多点测量计算其平均值。这种方法可比较可靠地保证整个材堆的含水率情况，但在人工操作状况下测试比较麻烦。在计算机高度发达的今天，利用计算机对木材干燥过程的控制已经成为一项比较成熟的技术。可对现有的ＳＭＳ-２型窑用木材测湿仪稍加改造，使其能够对多个测点进行循环检测并计算其平均值。ＳＭＳ－２型窑用木材测湿仪是电阻式木材测湿仪，它具有检测迅速、精度高… 相似文献
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试验采用电阻法测量木材干燥过程含水率,针对木材干燥窑中的传感器有数量多、测量的精确性受外界扰动较大等特点,文章提出采用算术平均值和递推估计算法对实时数据进行数据融合,从而得到精度更高的估计值.由于试验的被测量具有正态分布的特点,得到实时数据后首先剔除随机误差,再计算所采集数据的算术平均值作为原始检测结果,最后采用递推估计的计算方法得到较为精确的结果.通过对数据融合的仿真结果分析,验证该方法对于检测木材干燥过程含水率的可靠性. 相似文献
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木材含水率测量方法及影响因素分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
通过对几种测量木材含水率方法的介绍,详细分析了各种测量方法中误差形成的影响因素,指出各测量方法的优缺点,并对使用过程中应注意的问题提出建议。 相似文献
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樟子松木材高温干燥过程中水分的非稳态扩散和干燥能耗的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为更加高效广泛地利用樟子松材,对不同初含水率(IMC)的木材进行高温干燥试验。探究相同厚度下不同初含水率木材高温干燥能耗。并依据非稳态扩散理论,在一定的实验条件下探讨不同初含水率对水分径向扩散系数的影响。结果表明:初含水率越高,扩散系数越大,在纤维饱和点附近达到最大值。当含水率在纤维饱和点以下时,水分扩散系数随着初含水率的增加而增大;而当木材含水率在纤维饱和点以上时,其扩散系数基本保持恒定。樟子松材高温干燥过程中,干燥时间越长,能耗越大;不同初含水率试件干燥结束时的能耗不同,初含水率越高,高温干燥过程用时越长,能耗越大。木材干燥过程中依据含水率的差异进行分级干燥可以达到节能的目的。 相似文献
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In order to explore the feasibility of using X-ray to measure moisture content in the drying process and have a further study on the effect of precision of moisture content when scanning through different grain directions,X-ray scanning method and weighting method were used to measure average moisture content of Cunninghamia lanceolata during hot air drying.The results show that the moisture content values of two methods were very close to one another,the determination coefficients of both were highly correlated with a value over 0.99,and the absolute deviation was below 2%;when scanning along radial direction and longitudinal direction,the precisions of average moisture content were higher than that of the tangential direction,but the deviation can be negligible in the actual measurement;in the practical application,the effect of grain direction on precision of moisture content measurement could not be taken into account when using X-ray to measure the moisture distribution of wood. 相似文献
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Measurement of lumber moisture content based on PCA and GS-SVM 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lumber moisture content(LMC) is the important parameter to judge the dryness of lumber and the quality of wooden products.Nevertheless the data acquired are mostly redundant and incomplete because of the complexity of the course of drying,by interference factors that exist in the dryness environment and by the physical characteristics of the lumber itself.To improve the measuring accuracy and reliability of LMC,the optimal support vector machine(SVM) algorithm was put forward for regression analysis LMC.Environmental factors such as air temperature and relative humidity were considered,the data of which were extracted with the principle component analysis method.The regression and prediction of SVM was optimized based on the grid search(GS) technique.Groups of data were sampled and analyzed,and simulation comparison of forecasting performance shows that the main component data were extracted to speed up the convergence rate of the optimum algorithm.The GS-SVM shows a better performance in solving the LMC measuring and forecasting problem. 相似文献
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A technique for nondestructive evaluation of moisture content distribution in Japanese cedar (sugi) during drying using a
newly developed soft X-ray digital microscope was investigated. Radial, tangential, and cross-sectional samples measuring
100 × 100 × 10 mm were cut from green sugi wood. Each sample was dried in several steps in an oven and upon completion of
each step, the mass was recorded and a soft X-ray image was taken. The relationship between moisture content and the average
grayscale value of the soft X-ray image at each step was linear. In addition, the linear regressions overlapped each other
regardless of the sample sections. These results showed that soft X-ray images could accurately estimate the moisture content.
Applying this relationship to a small section of each sample, the moisture content distribution was estimated from the image
differential between the soft X-ray pictures obtained from the sample in question and the same sample in the oven-dried condition.
Moisture content profi les for 10-mm-wide parts at the centers of the samples were also obtained. The shapes of the profiles
supported the evaluation method used in this study.
Part of this work was presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Hiroshima, August 2007 相似文献
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采用非稳态法测定龙竹竹材热压干燥过程中的水分扩散系数,并探讨了温度对水分扩散系数的影响.结果表明:干燥温度越高,干燥各阶段水分扩散系数及平均水分扩散系数也越大;初始高含水率阶段,随含水率逐渐降低,水分扩散系数呈逐步增加趋势,在纤维饱和点附近时达最大值;随后,随含水率逐渐降低呈逐步减少趋势. 相似文献
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木材含水率测定方法的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为修订国家标准“CB1931—80木材含水率测定方法”提供依据,本文对含树脂和挥发性物质较多的马尾松等5种木材,采用烘干法、真空干燥法和蒸馏法进行含水率测定的比较。结果表明,烘干法简便实用,但所测得的含水率结果比真空干燥法和蒸馏法为高,如果试样含有较多的挥发性物质,应用烘干法测定含水率误差偏大时,可采用真空干燥法。 相似文献
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Summary The transport of heat and moisture during the convective drying of southern pine was examined experimentally. Moisture distribution within the wood samples was measured using gamma attenuation. The accuracy of these measurements was found to be moisture content dependent with estimated uncertainties ranging from 29.5% at 10% moisture content to 6.8% at 120% moisture content. Local moisture content measurements reveal large inflections at high moisture contents. Peaks in moisture content are closely correlated with low fwood density and vice versa. Above the fiber saturation point the measured drying rate is not a well defined function of the moisture content. This is perhaps due to the biological variability of wood as well as grain orientation, although no definite conclusions could be drawn from the data with regard to the effect of grain orientation. The drying rate does not appear to be highly temperature dependent at high moisture contents. Below the fiber saturation point where diffusion is expected to be the dominant transport mechanism, the drying rate is less affected by biological variability and grain orientation, however, the effects of temperature are evident.The authors wish to acknowledge the support of this work by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number CME-7906367. We must also express our appreciation to staff members at Weyerhaeuser Technology Center who supplied us with wood samples. In addition to the authors, Mr. T. R. Brown, S. H. Moen, and D. Chow played a critical role in gathering much of the data 相似文献
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Elissavet Konstantinidou Ioannis Takos Theodora Merou 《European Journal of Forest Research》2008,127(2):125-131
The effect of seed moisture content (m.c.) and seed storage conditions of bay laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) was investigated in relation to seed viability. In the first experiment, the effect of drying rate on seed moisture and
seed germination was investigated. Fresh seeds, with their original moisture content displayed a germination percentage of
55.1%. When the seed moisture content was reduced by 2.0% in an oven, the germination percentage rose to 81.0%. When the seed
moisture content was reduced even more by using the same method, the germination percentages decreased dramatically. Reducing
the seed moisture content to 28.7 and 23.5% by drying the seeds in alternating room conditions resulted in an increase of
seed germinability to 84.3 and 90.9%, respectively. The drying of the seeds for 45, 60 and 75 days reduced their seed germination
to 66.8, 49.4 and 48.0%, respectively. Reducing seed moisture content below 15.0% resulted in practically nullifying seed
germinability. The fact that bay laurel seeds cannot retain their germinability at lower moisture contents demonstrates that
it is a species with recalcitrant seeds. In the second experiment, moist and dry storage conditions were tested under different
temperatures and moisture contents. The storage experiment showed that the most effective way of conserving the bay laurel
seeds is moist storage at 0 ± 1°C for 4 months without previous drying of the seeds. 相似文献
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A new method for monitoring moisture content during radio-frequency (RF)/vacuum drying was developed by measurement of temperature
and pressure in wood. Temperature and pressure inside the wood were measured simultaneously during RF/vacuum drying at the
same point. The relative humidity (RH) and moisture content (MC) below the fiber saturation point (FSP) were calculated based
on temperature and pressure, and the relationship between the temperature, RH, and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) at the
measurement point. When the moisture content was below the FSP, the calculated MC was slightly greater than the value given
by oven drying. The absolute error was within 0.8% near the open cross side, and was within 1.8% at another measurement point.
Thus, we concluded that it was practicable to monitor the moisture content below the FSP according to the temperature and
pressure inside the wood.
Part of this study was presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Chugoku Shikoku Branch of the Japan Wood Research Society,
Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan, September 2003 相似文献