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1.
In this study, we detect depressive effect on leptin receptor (LEPR) by LEPR‐specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression plasmids in chicken preadipocytes, and effect on messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of genes related to signal transduction, including JAK2, STAT3, SOCS3 as well as CPT1, which is associated with fatty acid metabolism. shRNA expression vectors targeting LEPR were constructed and transfected into chicken preadipocytes. The transfection efficiency was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Real‐time PCR was used to detect its effect on mRNA expression levels of JAK2, STAT3, SOCS3 and CPT1. Results showed that LEPR mRNA was knocked down by 99% (P < 0.01) after transfection for 72 h. In the knockdown preadipocytes, the mRNA levels of JAK2 and CPT1 were down‐regulated by 47.56% (P < 0.01) and 42.26% (P < 0.05), respectively; while expression of STAT3 and SOCS3 increased 7.72‐fold (P < 0.01), 1.71‐fold (P < 0.01), respectively. It is concluded that knockdown of LEPR influences mRNA expression of its down‐stream genes, suggesting that chicken LEPR play a certain role in regulating genes in the complicated gene network of preadipocytes.  相似文献   

2.
In order to investigate the mechanism of genistein (Gen) in the treatment of climacteric syndrome, an in vivo study was performed to investigate the beneficial effects of genistein on the expression of P450 aromatase (P450 arom) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in the mouse ovary and uterus. Fifty female ICR mice (45 ± 5g, n = 50), aged 12 months, were divided into the following five groups with 10 animals in each: blank control group (CG), low-dose genistein group (L-Gen), middle-dose genistein group (M-Gen) and high-dose genistein group (H-Gen) (received 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg of genistein, respectively), and oestrogen group (EG; received 0.5 mg/kg diethylstilbestrol). The expression levels of the FSHR protein were determined by an immunohistochemical staining method. The expression of P450 arom, Cytochrome P450 19 (CYP19) and FSHR was quantified by real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression levels of the FSHR protein in the M-Gen (average stained area: 20.79) and the H-Gen (average stained area: 21.21) groups were significantly stronger than in the CG (average area was 17.24) group (p < .05). The expression levels of CYP19 mRNA and P450 arom were positively correlated with the dose of genistein. Specifically, the relative expression levels in the H-Gen and EG groups were more than 1.5 times higher than in the CG group (p < .05). Genistein played a significant role in regulating aromatase and FSHR gene expression to improve perimenopausal ovarian and uterine function.  相似文献   

3.
This study aimed to investigate leptin immuno‐staining of the porcine ovary in different reproductive stages. Ovaries from 21 gilts were collected from slaughterhouses. The ovarian tissue sections were incubated with a polyclonal anti‐leptin as a primary antibody. The immuno‐staining in ovarian tissue compartments was calculated using imaging software. Leptin immuno‐staining was found in primordial, primary, preantral and antral follicles. Leptin immuno‐staining was expressed in the oocyte and granulosa and theca interna layers in both preantral and antral follicles. In the corpora lutea, leptin immuno‐staining was found in the cytoplasm of the luteal cells. The leptin immuno‐staining in the granulosa cell layer of preantral follicles did not differ compared to antral follicles (90.7 and 91.3%, respectively, P > 0.05). However, the leptin immuno‐staining in the theca interna layer of preantral follicles was lower than antral follicles (49.4 and 74.3%, respectively, P < 0.001). There was no difference in leptin immuno‐staining in the granulosa cell layer between follicular and luteal phases (92.4 and 89.7%, respectively, P > 0.05). However, the leptin immuno‐staining in the theca interna layer of follicular phase was greater than that in the luteal phase (72.7 and 51.0%, respectively, P < 0.001). These findings indicated that leptin exists in different compartments of the porcine ovary, including the oocyte, granulosa cells, theca interna cells, corpus luteum, blood vessel and smooth muscles. Therefore, this morphological study confirmed a close relationship between leptin and ovarian function in the pig.  相似文献   

4.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays a critical role in follicular growth and granulosa cell function; however, the mechanism by which the aggressive stimulation of FSH leads to poorer oocyte quality and embryo development potential is unclear. In this study, bovine ovarian granulosa cells (BGCs) were challenged with FSH doses (vehicle, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 ng/ml) to investigate the effects of FSH on BGCs. The results indicated that the relative viability of BGCs was significantly increased in cells challenged with 1 ng/ml FSH, whereas the viability was significantly decreased with 100 ng/ml FSH treatment. The mRNA abundance of FSHR, CYP19, StAR and BAX was significantly upregulated with 1, 10 and 100 ng/ml of FSH, while the BCL-2 mRNA level was downregulated with higher concentrations of FSH (10 and 100 ng/ml). Furthermore, BGC autophagy was detected in cells treated with 10 and 100 ng/ml FSH by MDC staining, and the mRNA abundance of LC3, BECN1, BNIP3, ATG3 and ATG7 was upregulated with increasing FSH concentration. Meanwhile, the protein expression of LC3 was increased in cells treated with 10 and 100 ng/ml FSH. 1 and 10 ng/ml FSH significantly increased E2 production, whereas 10 and 100 ng/ml FSH significantly increased P4 production. FSH significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT in cells treated with higher concentrations (1, 10 and 100 ng/ml), while activating mTOR phosphorylation at concentrations of 10 and 100 ng/ml of FSH. In summary, we can conclude that higher doses of FSH (10 and 100 ng/ml) induce BGC autophagy via the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway.  相似文献   

5.
Drip loss is an important meat quality trait of fresh meat affecting economic losses. The cytochrome P450c21 (CYP21) protein has a role on cortisol production and depends on stress. This might affect meat quality. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of CYP21 protein in correlation with drip loss. The samples were taken from the Longissimus dorsi muscle to evaluate drip loss (n = 300). Five muscles per group (low and high drip loss) were selected to evaluate CYP21 protein expression levels. Statistical analysis revealed that CYP21 protein expression levels were significantly difference between the drip loss groups. The high drip loss group had higher CYP21 protein expression levels than the low drip loss group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the high drip loss group had higher optical density values of the CYP21 protein band than the low drip loss group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the expression of CYP21 protein will provide the basis for information and better understanding of the mechanisms related to drip loss in pork. Further study is warranted to validate these results in other populations.  相似文献   

6.
Leptin, the product of the obese gene, is the hormone originally identified in adipocytes. It is involved in the control of satiety and energy metabolism. More recent observations suggest that leptin plays an important role in reproduction. Leptin mRNA and protein have been found in the human and the murine ovary. However, the expression of leptin in the porcine ovary has not been examined. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to compare the expression levels of porcine leptin mRNA by semiquantitative RT‐PCR and in situ hybridization, as well as leptin protein by Western blotting in the corpus luteum (CL) and ovarian stroma (OS) during mid‐ and late‐luteal phase of the oestrous cycle as well as during days 14–16 and 30–32 of pregnancy. Leptin gene and protein expression in CL was increased on days 14–16 of the cycle compared with pregnant animals. Leptin gene expression in OS was higher during the late‐luteal phase of the cycle than on days 30–32 after conception. However, comparison of leptin protein expression in OS between days 14–16 of the cycle and days 30–32 of pregnancy indicates a higher protein expression during pregnancy. Moreover, leptin gene expression was higher in porcine CL and OS on days 14–16 of pregnancy in comparison to days 30–32. Contrary to leptin mRNA expression, a higher leptin protein expression was observed on days 30–32 compared with days 14–16 after conception. In summary, the present study provides the first evidence that leptin mRNA and protein occur in porcine ovary and vary during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. Moreover, the obtained results indicate that also locally synthesized leptin may participate in the control of pig reproduction by exercising its action at the ovarian level.  相似文献   

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8.
We investigated whether the limited access to androgens during late prenatal period alters expression of steroidogenic enzymes involved in androgen production: 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5‐Δ4 isomerase (3β‐HSD), cytochrome P450 17α‐hydroxylase/17,20‐lyase (CYP17) and 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β‐HSD1) or type 3 (17β‐HSD3) in the foetal porcine gonads. Pregnant gilts were injected with anti‐androgen flutamide (for seven days, 50 mg/day/kg bw) or corn oil (control) starting at 83 (GD90) or 101 (GD108) gestational day. To assess 3β‐HSD, CYP17 and 17β‐HSD1 or 17β‐HSD3 expression, real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed. In testes from flutamide‐treated foetuses, increased 3β‐HSD and CYP17 mRNA expression was observed in the GD90 group, while decreased 3β‐HSD and 17β‐HSD3 mRNA expression and increased CYP17 mRNA expression were found in the GD108 group. CYP17 and 17β‐HSD3 were localized in Leydig cells. Following flutamide administration, the intensity of CYP17 immunostaining was higher in both treated groups, while 17β‐HSD3 intensity was lower in the GD108 group. In ovaries from flutamide‐treated foetuses in the GD90 group, mRNA level for 3β‐HSD was elevated, but it was diminished for CYP17 and 17β‐HSD1. In the GD108 group, flutamide treatment led to lower mRNA level for 3β‐HSD but higher for CYP17. 3β‐HSD was found in granulosa cells, while CYP17 was localized within egg nests and oocytes of forming follicles. Following flutamide treatment, the intensity of 3β‐HSD and CYP17 immunostaining was higher in the GD90 and GD108 groups, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining for 3β‐HSD was restricted to the ovary. Concluding, diminished androgen action in the porcine foetal gonads during late gestation induces changes in steroidogenic enzymes expression, which may led to changes in gonadal function. However, it seems that androgens exert diverse biological effects depending on the gestational period.  相似文献   

9.
To examine the effects of dietary β‐carotene (βC) or retinyl palmitate (RP) on fatty acid (FA) profile and mRNA expression, samples were collected from 24 Angus‐cross calves that were allotted to four treatments consisting of RP supplemented at 2200 IU/kg, and synthetic β‐carotene (SβC) supplemented at one, five or 10 times RP. Longissimus muscle (LM) cis‐9, trans‐11 conjugated linoleic acid was greater in RP compared to SβC1X (P = 0.04). The polyunsaturated:saturated FA increased linearly (P = 0.04) in the LM as dietary SβC increased. Expression of βC oxygenase 2 (βCO2), an enzyme that cleaves β‐carotene, was greater in the LM for SβC1X compared to RP and decreased linearly as SβC increased (P ≤ 0.02). Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression in the LM increased in SβC1X compared to RP (P = 0.03); however, PPARγ and retinoic acid X receptor α (RXRα) expression decreased linearly (P = 0.02) in the LM with increasing SβC. Retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) expression tended (P = 0.10) to decrease linearly in the LM with increased SβC. In conclusion, SβC supplementation increased mRNA expression of some lipogenic genes in the LM, but increasing dietary SβC inhibited their expression and tended to increase polyunsaturated FA.  相似文献   

10.
Theca cells (TCs) play a crucial role in follicular development and atresia. TCs synthesize androgens that act as substrate for granulosa cells (GCs) aromatization to oestrogens needed for follicular growth. However, the effects of TCs in the form of conditioned medium on steroidogenesis in buffalo GCs remain unclear. In the present study, the impacts of TC-conditioned medium (TCCM) on oestrogen synthesis in buffalo GCs were examined. The results showed that TCs secreted principally testosterone, but almost no androstenedione or oestradiol into TCCM. TCs at passage 3 had a stronger secretion capacity of testosterone in TCCM. Furthermore, TCCM collected at 72 hr improved both the expression levels of oestrogen synthesis-related genes (CYP11A1, CYP19A1, 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD) and the secretion levels of estradiol in GCs. The treatment of 72 hr in TCCM promoted both the expression levels of oestrogen synthesis-related genes (CYP11A1, CYP19A1 and 3β-HSD) and the secretion levels of estradiol in GCs. Besides, TCCM that was collected at 72 hr and applied to GCs for 72 hr (72 & 72 hr) improved the sensitivity of buffalo GCs to FSH. This study indicates that TCCM (72 & 72 hr) enhances the steroidogenesis competence of GCs mainly through facilitating the responsiveness of GCs to FSH in buffalo.  相似文献   

11.
We hypothesized that both adiponectin and leptin affect the growth of porcine skeletal muscle cells, with fatty acids acting as modifiers in adipokine action and that both adipokines influence the gene expression of their receptors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of recombinant adiponectin and leptin on cell number (DNA) and DNA synthesis rate with and without oleic acid supplementation, on cell death, and on key intracellular signaling molecules of proliferating porcine myoblasts in vitro. Moreover, the mRNA expression of genes encoding for the leptin and adiponectin receptors (LEPR, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2) as affected by leptin or adiponectin was examined. Recombinant porcine adiponectin (40 μg/mL) and leptin (20 ng/mL) increased DNA synthesis rate, measured as [3H]-thymidine incorporation (P < 0.01), reduced cell viability in terms of lactate dehydrogenase release (P < 0.05), or lowered DNA content after 24 h (P < 0.05). In adiponectin-treated cultures, oleic acid supplementation increased DNA synthesis rate and reduced cell number in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Both adiponectin (P = 0.07) and leptin (P < 0.05) induced a transient activation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) after 15 min, followed by decreases after 60 and 180 min (P < 0.05). Adiponectin tended to increase c-fos activation (P = 0.08) and decreased p53 activation at 180 min (P = 0.03). Both adiponectin and leptin down-regulated the abundance of ADIPOR2 mRNA and, transiently, of LEPR mRNA (P < 0.05). In conclusion, adiponectin and leptin may adversely affect the growth of porcine myoblasts, which is related to p44/42 MAPK signaling and associated with changes in ligand receptor gene expression.  相似文献   

12.
The key biological active molecule of soya is the isoflavone daidzein, which possesses phytoestrogenic activity. The direct effect of soya and daidzein on ovarian cell functions is not known. This study examined the effect of daidzein on basic porcine ovarian granulosa cell functions and the response to follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH). We studied the effects of daidzein (0, 1, 10 and 100 μm ), FSH (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 IU/ml) and combinations of FSH (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 IU/ml) + daidzein (50 μm ) on proliferation, apoptosis and hormone release from cultured porcine ovarian granulosa cells and ovarian follicles. The expression of a proliferation‐related peptide (PCNA) and an apoptosis‐related peptide (Bax) was analysed using immunocytochemistry. The release of progesterone (P4) and testosterone (T) was detected using EIA. Leptin output was analysed using RIA. Daidzein administration increased granulosa cell proliferation, apoptosis and T and leptin release but inhibited P4 output. Daidzein also increased T release and decreased P4 release from cultured ovarian follicles. Follicle‐stimulating hormone stimulated granulosa cell proliferation, apoptosis and P4, T and leptin release. The addition of daidzein promoted FSH‐stimulated apoptosis (but not proliferation) but suppressed FSH‐stimulated P4, T and leptin release. Our observations of FSH action confirm previous data on the stimulatory effect of FSH on ovarian cell proliferation, apoptosis and steroidogenesis and demonstrate for the first time the involvement of FSH in the upregulation of ovarian leptin release. Our observations of daidzein effects demonstrated for the first time that this soya isoflavone affected basic ovarian cell functions (proliferation, apoptosis and hormones release) and modified the effects of FSH. Daidzein promoted FSH action on ovarian cell proliferation and apoptosis and suppressed, and even inverted, FSH action on hormone release. The direct action of daidzein on basic ovarian cell functions and the ability of these cells to respond to FSH indicate the potential influence of soya‐containing diets on female reproductive processes via direct action on the ovary.  相似文献   

13.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of crocin supplementation during oocyte maturation on the antioxidant defence and anti‐apoptotic ability and subsequent developmental competence of porcine oocytes. Oocytes were cultured in media containing 0, 300, 400 or 500 µg/ml of crocin. Upon maturation, the maturation rates, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels, mRNA expression of genes (SOD, CAT, GPx, Bcl‐2, BAX and Caspase3), expression of cleaved caspase3 and subsequent embryo cleavage rates were measured. Results indicated that the maturation rate of the 400 µg/ml group was 86.80% (p < 0.01). The ROS concentration of the 500 µg/ml group was the lowest (p < 0.01). The GSH concentration of the 400 µg/ml group was the highest (p < 0.01). The SOD, CAT and GPx mRNA expression levels were the highest in the 300, 400 and 500 µg/ml groups, respectively, with the expression levels of all genes being significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The Bcl‐2/BAX mRNA expression ratio in 400 and 500 µg/ml groups significantly higher than other groups and significantly decreased caspase3 expression level (p < 0.01). The expression level of cleaved caspase3 in the 500 µg/ml treatment group was the lowest, significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The cleavage rate of the 400 µg/ml group was 62.50% (p < 0.01). These experimental results show that the supplementation of in vitro culture medium with 400 µg/ml of crocin significantly enhanced the antioxidant defence and anti‐apoptotic ability and subsequent cleavage rate of porcine embryo.  相似文献   

14.
The objective of this study was to ascertain whether mRNA and protein expressions of implantation‐related genes (erythropoietin‐producing hepatocellular receptor–ligand A1, Eph‐ephrin A1 and leptin receptor–leptin, LEPR‐LEP) differed between pigs with high and low number of embryos, and whether these differences in gene expression might affect embryo implantation. Experimental pig groups (n = 24) for high and low number of embryos were prepared by altering the number of eggs ovulated in pre‐pubertal gilts treated with 1.5 × (High) or 1.0 × (Low) PG600 ([400 IU PMSG + 200 IU hCG]/dose, AKZO‐NOBEL). Gilts expressing oestrus were artificially inseminated twice and maintained in breeding and gestation until the reproductive tract was collected on day 22 of pregnancy. At slaughter, the reproductive tracts from each pregnant gilt from each treatment were immediately processed to collect samples for RNA and protein analysis. Within each gilt, three conceptus points were sampled, one from each horn and then a random conceptus within the tract. At each conceptus point, endometrial attachment site, chorion–allantois and embryo were collected and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Number of corpus luteum (CL) (35.4 vs. 12.6) and total embryo number (18.8 vs. 10.2) were greater in the high‐embryo compared to the low‐embryo group, respectively (p < .05). Real‐time qPCR results showed that Eph‐ephrin A1 mRNA expression was less in the high‐embryo (p < .05) compared to the low‐embryo group. In addition, Western blotting analysis indicated that Eph‐ephrin A1 and LEP protein expression at endometrial attachment site in high‐embryo was less (p < .05) compared to low‐embryo group. It was also noted that mRNA expression of Eph‐ephrin A1 and LEPR‐LEP was greater in pregnant than non‐pregnant gilts (p < .05). Moreover, mRNA expression of Eph‐ephrin A1 (p < .05) and LEPR‐LEP was greatest at endometrial attachment site among all three tissues. There was a positive correlation between expressions of Eph‐ephrin A1, LEPR‐LEP and embryo length with the correlation coefficient 0.31–0.59. For Eph‐ephrin A1, the highest correlation coefficient appeared between Eph A1 expression and normal embryo number, between ephrin A1 expression and embryo length. For LEPR‐LEP, the highest correlation coefficient appeared between LEPR‐LEP expression and ovary weight (0.79 for both, p < .05), followed by embryo length and weight. The results of this study suggest that low expression of Eph‐ephrin A1 and LEPR‐LEP is somehow related to increased embryo number during implantation and that endometrial attachment site might be the main target tissue of these gene products. Yet, the increased expression of Eph‐ephrin A1 and LEPR‐LEP appeared associated with increased embryo growth (length and weight) and ovary weight, Eph‐ephrin A1 and LEPR‐LEP might play roles in the regulation of embryo implantation in pigs.  相似文献   

15.
This study was aimed to address melatonin receptor expression, mRNA level of hypothalamus and hypophysis hormone receptors (GnRHR, FSHR, and LHR), steroidogenesis, cell cycle, apoptosis, and their regulatory factors after addition of melatonin for 24 hr in cultured buffalo granulosa cells (GCs). The results revealed that direct addition of different concentrations of melatonin (100 pM, 1 nM, and 100 nM) resulted in significant upregulation (p < 0.05) of mRNA level of melatonin receptor 1a (MT1) without affecting melatonin receptor 1b (MT2). Melatonin treatment significantly downregulated (p < 0.05) mRNA level of FSH and GnRH receptors, whereas 100 nM dose of melatonin significantly increased mRNA level of LH receptor. Treatment with 100 nM of melatonin significantly decreased the basal progesterone production with significant decrease (p < 0.05) in mRNA levels of StAR and p450ssc, and lower mRNA level of genes (Insig1, Lipe, and Scrab1) that affect cholesterol availability. Melatonin supplementation suppressed apoptosis (100 nM, p < 0.05) and enhanced G2/M phase (1 nM, 100 nM, p < 0.05) of cell cycle progression which was further corroborated by decrease in protein expression of caspase‐3, p21, and p27 and increase in bcl2. Our results demonstrate that melatonin regulates gonadotrophin receptors and ovarian steroidogenesis through MT1. Furthermore, the notion of its incorporation in apoptosis and proliferation of buffalo GCs extends its role in buffalo ovaries.  相似文献   

16.
Zhedong white goose (Anser cygnoides domesticus) is a native Chinese breed with strong broodiness and low egg production, which is related to the physiology of reproduction. However, thus far, the physiology of goose reproduction has not been well elucidated. In the present study, the ovarian morphology and reproductive hormones of Zhedong white geese were investigated during the reproductive cycle (the laying and brooding periods). The results showed that the surface of the ovary was atrophied and follicular atresia appeared to some extent in the brooding period compared with the laying period. The concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone and luteinizing hormone were significantly higher than those in the brooding period (p < 0.05). In contrast, the concentrations of prolactin (PRL) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in the laying period were significantly lower than those in the brooding period (p < 0.05). In addition, the mRNA expression levels of PRL, AMH, dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) were detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovaries by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that AMH mRNA was expressed specifically in ovary tissue. The expression levels of DβH and PRL in the brooding period was significantly higher than those in the laying period in the three tissues, especially in the early and middle stages of the brooding period. Moreover, AMH mRNA expression in the ovaries presented the same trend. In addition, P450scc mRNA was highly expressed in both the ovary and pituitary in the laying period. These results revealed the remarkable features of ovarian morphology and characterized the hormonal pattern and expression profile during the reproductive cycle, all of which contribute to understanding the differences in reproductive physiology between the laying and brooding periods in Zhedong white geese.  相似文献   

17.
Steroid hormones are required for normal reproductive function of female. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Raf‐ERK1/2 on steroid hormone synthesis in bovine ovarian granulosa cells. Immunohistochemistry assay showed that both B‐Raf and C‐Raf were expressed in granulosa cells, theca cells and Sertoli cells. The protein expression of Raf or ERK1/2 was clearly decreased by Raf inhibitor GSK2118436 or ERK1/2 inhibitor SCH772984, respectively (p < 0.05). In addition, western blotting was performed for investigating the crosstalk between Raf and ERK1/2, the data showed that Raf positively regulated ERK1/2, whereas ERK1/2 had a negative feedback effect on Raf. The biosynthesis of oestradiol or testosterone was significantly decreased by treatment with GSK2118436 or SCH772984 (p < 0.05). Conversely, the progesterone biosynthesis was clearly increased by treatment with those inhibitors (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression of STAR, aromatase and CYP17 was blocked by Raf‐ERK1/2 signalling inhibition, which oppositely induced the mRNA expression of CYP11. Together, these findings suggested that Raf‐ERK1/2 signalling pathways mediate steroid hormone synthesis via affecting the expression of steroidogenic enzymes.  相似文献   

18.
In the mammalian ovary, aquaporins (AQPs) are thought to be involved in the regulation of fluid transport within the follicular wall and antrum formation. Data concerning the AQPs in the avian ovary is very limited. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine whether the AQP4 is present in the chicken ovary, and if so, what is its distribution in the ovarian compartment of the laying hen. Localization of AQP4 in the ovarian follicles at different stage of development was also investigated. After decapitation of hens the stroma with primordial follicles and white (1–4 mm), yellowish (4–8 mm), small yellow and the three largest yellow pre‐ovulatory follicles F3‐F1 (F3 < F2 < F1; 20–36 mm) were isolated from the ovary. The granulosa and theca layers were separated from the pre‐ovulatory follicles. The AQP4 mRNA and protein were detected in all examined ovarian compartments by the real‐time PCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. The relative expression of AQP4 was depended on follicular size and the layer of follicular wall. It was the lowest in the granulosa layer of pre‐ovulatory follicles and the highest in the ovarian stroma as well as white and yellowish follicles. Along with approaching of the largest follicle to ovulation the gradual decrease in AQP4 protein level in the granulosa layer was observed. Immunoreactivity for AQP4 was present in the granulosa and theca cells (theca interna ≥ theca externa > granulosa). The obtained results suggest that AQP4 may take part in the regulation of water transport required for follicle development in the chicken ovary.  相似文献   

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