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1.
This report describes an invasive mammary carcinoma with a rare distinctive feature characterized by sebaceous differentiation of tumor cells. This tumor occurred in a 10-year-old female mixed breed dog. The patient had two masses in the left fifth mammary gland. Grossly, the masses were firm, whitish to light brown, and superficially ulcerated. On cut surface, they were multilobulated with foci of necrosis. Microscopically, the tumors were composed of two distinctive neoplastic components, intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma. The regions of sebaceous tumor were clumped separately, contained well-developed sebaceous cells and keratinized epithelial cells, and were surrounded by few to several layers of basaloid cells. The cells with abundant foamy cytoplasm that resembled sebaceous cells were also found within the intraductal papillary-like nests of mammary carcinoma, providing evidence of sebaceous metaplasia. Sebaceous differentiation in a mammary gland tumor is possible, because skin appendages and ductal apparatus of the mammary gland share a common anlagen. This tumor had an aggressive behavior with lymphatic metastasis. Consequentially, the dog had a poor prognosis.  相似文献   

2.
Spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma was observed in a 12-week-old female SD rat. A movable mass in the right cervical region was found at 11 weeks of age, and the rat was sacrificed the following week. The mass was located in the vicinity of the right salivary gland and measured 38 mm × 26 mm × 16 mm in gross size. It was a firm whitish mass, with a cut surface that was also whitish in appearance. Histopathologically, neoplastic cells formed glandular structures that contained secreted eosinophilic material. Ultrastructurally, similar secreted material and lipid droplets were in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 18 and estrogen receptor α. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as a mammary gland adenocarcinoma, and we therefore conclude that this tumor type can occur spontaneously in female SD rats as young as 12 weeks of age.  相似文献   

3.
Localized amyloidosis in canine mammary tumors   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examinations were performed on localized amyloidosis associated with mammary tumors in two dogs. These tumors were identified as adenoma and adenocarcinoma. An acellular, amorphous pale eosinophilic material (amyloid) was observed in the lumina of acini lined by neoplastic cells and in the stroma of the tumors. Concentrically laminated pale eosinophilic bodies (corpora amylacea) were also found in the lumina of the acini. Amyloid and corpora amylacea stained positively with Congo red with and without 5% potassium permanganate pretreatment and revealed a green birefringence under polarized light. Corpora amylacea showed an occasional Maltese-cross pattern. Immunohistochemically, amyloid and corpora amylacea usually stained positively with anti-bovine alpha-casein antibody but negatively with anti-human amyloid AA, anti-bovine kappa-light and lambda-light chains, anti-human lactoferrin, anti-human transferrin, anti-human secretory component, and anti-human polyglucosan antibodies. These findings suggested that the amyloid deposition in these canine mammary tumors was related to lactating casein.  相似文献   

4.
Sarcomatous proliferation of spindle cells was present in the mammary gland and many metastatic sites in a 10-year-old female domestic cat with tubulopapillary carcinoma in the mammary gland. Transition from neoplastic tubular structures to spindle cells in the primary site and fascicular proliferation of the spindle cells with or without coexistance of tubulopapillary carcinoma in the primary and metastatic sites were observed. Most of spindle cells were positive for cytokeratin CAM5.2 as well as the normal luminal epithelium but not the myoepithelium. From these results, this case was diagnosed as tubulopapillary carcinoma with spindle cell metaplasia and it was clarified that neoplastic luminal epithelial cells can transform to sarcomatous appearence.  相似文献   

5.
A 21-year-old thoroughbred mare had a 35 x 14 x 10 cm mass involving the mammary gland. Metastases were found in the kidneys, lungs, skeletal muscles, and regional lymph nodes. Histopathologic examination of the tumor revealed a ductal solid carcinoma with extensive intraductal and intralobular involvement and focal infiltration of the adjacent stroma. The intralobular neoplasms were divided into irregularly shaped islands and sheets of polygonal and spindle-shaped epithelial cells by thick or thin fibrous connective tissue bundles. The neoplastic cells had a small or moderate amount of cytoplasm that stained faintly with eosin and round or oval hyperchromatic nuclei. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were strongly positive for Lu-5, weakly positive for AE1/AE3, vimentin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, and negative for cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 14, alpha-smooth muscle actin, calponin, and S100. The neoplasm was diagnosed as an invasive ductal carcinoma of the mammary gland with multiple metastases.  相似文献   

6.
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a cytokine primarily involved in the regulation of the erythropoiesis. Recently, it has been demonstrated that EPO and its receptor (EPOR) are expressed in several neoplastic cell lines and solid tumors. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that EPO could promote human breast carcinoma growth by means of the binding with its receptor, although a clear function for EPO in this setting has not been yet established. While the human medical literature has been accumulating strong evidence on EPO's role in oncogenesis, to date, there are no veterinary reports focusing on such an issue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of EPOR in canine mammary gland dysplastic and neoplastic lesions. Our results show a weak to moderate EPOR expression in dysplastic glands, being immunoreactivity enhanced as the lesion shows an increasing malignant pattern. On the basis of these findings, this study describes, for the first time, the evidence for EPOR expression in canine mammary gland tumor and suggests a feasible EPO's role for canine mammary tumor progression.  相似文献   

7.
A 6-year-old female Labrador retriever presented with a mass in the right mammary gland, and swollen right inguinal and axillary lymph nodes. Fine needle aspiration biopsy suggested a malignant lipid-producing tumor, such as liposarcoma. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were solid, lobulated nests of atypical epithelial cells with a large amount of extracellular deposits of amyloid in both mammary gland and lymph nodes. The proliferating cells contained large cytoplasmic vacuoles, positive for oil red-O. These cells were immunopositive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and β-casein and negative for SMA. The amyloid deposits were immunopositive for β-casein. These findings suggested that the proliferating cells secreted β-casein forming amyloid deposits. This is the first report of mammary lipid-rich carcinoma with extensive amyloid deposition derived from β-casein.  相似文献   

8.
A 6‐year‐old Girolando dairy cow was presented for evaluation of a large subcutaneous facial mass. Fine‐needle aspirates of the mass contained many neoplastic cells with high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratios arranged in sheets and loosely cohesive clusters with streaming erythrocytes and neutrophils in the background. Neoplastic cells were 13–25 μm in diameter and were round to cuboidal with variably distinct borders. Based on the signalment, anatomic location, and cytologic findings, differential diagnoses included salivary adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The cow was euthanized and a necropsy was performed. The primary neoplasm arose from the left parotid salivary gland and meastatic tumor was found in the regional lymph nodes and lung. Histologically, the tumor was composed of anastomosing and irregular solid islets surrounded by scant stroma. Cells were negative for periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS), PAS‐diastase, and Alcian blue pH 2.5 stains, used to detect mucin. On immunohistochemical analysis, neoplastic luminal salivary gland cells expressed cytokeratin, but not S100, α‐smooth muscle actin, or vimentin. Peripheral cells of neoplastic islets were immunoreactive for p63. The final diagnosis was nonsecretory adenocarcinoma of the parotid salivary gland.  相似文献   

9.
An amyloid-producing medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in a red fox (Vulpes vulpes schrenchki) bred in a zoo was examined using histopathologic and immunohistochemical techniques. The neoplastic cells had an ill-defined cytoplasmic membrane and abundant, finely granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, containing numerous argyrophilic granules. The neoplastic tissues were divided into various sizes by a vascular connective stroma, which was partly fibrovascular with broad areas of hyalinization containing varied amounts of amyloid. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells showed reactivity to anti-calcitonin, neuron-specific enolase, somatostatin, and keratin antibodies. However, amyloid in the stroma did not show immunoreactivity to the antibodies used. Histologic and immunohistochemical features of MTC in the present animal were analogous to those of the C-cell carcinoma derived from thyroid C cells (parafollicular cells) reported in humans and dogs.  相似文献   

10.
Expression of maspin in mammary gland tumors of the dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Maspin is a serine protease inhibitor that inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis in human breast cancer and is consistently expressed by mammary myoepithelial cells (MECs). To analyze the value of maspin as a marker of the MEC layer of the normal and tumoral canine mammary gland, the immunohistochemical expression of maspin was studied in formalin-fixed tissues from 55 benign and malignant tumors (40 tumors also contained the surrounding normal mammary gland) using a commercially available monoclonal antibody. Periacinar and periductal MECs of all 40 normal mammary glands were stained by the anti-human maspin monoclonal antibody, and immunoreactivity was observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of these cells. In addition, maspin was found in 53 (98%) of the tumors studied, reacting with the MECs in 100% of benign tumors and 93% of malignant tumors and to the epithelial cells of 16% of benign and 73% of malignant tumors. In the MEC compartment, immunoreactivity was observed in the cytoplasm of hypertrophic MECs, fusiform MECs, stellate MECs, rounded (myoepithelial) cells, and chondroblasts. In the epithelial cell compartment, immunoreactivity was observed in the cytoplasm of cells with and without squamous differentiation. Stromal myofibroblasts were unreactive. Maspin appears to be a very sensitive marker of the normal and neoplastic myoepithelium that, contrary to smooth muscle differentiation markers, does not stain stromal myofibroblasts. In addition, a subset of neoplastic epithelial cells reacted with the maspin antibody. The relationship between maspin expression in different cellular compartments of canine mammary carcinomas and the biologic aggressiveness of the disease remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

11.
A 7-year-old female Leonberger dog was referred to the National Veterinary School of Lyon Teaching Hospital with a 2-day history of anorexia and bleeding. A mammary mass had been removed 7 months earlier, but histologic examination was not performed. On physical examination, the dog was depressed and had pale mucous membranes and numerous petechiae and hematomas. Significant laboratory findings were moderate thrombocytopenia, prolonged prothrombin, activated partial thromboplastin, and thrombin times, hypofibrinogenemia, and increased concentration of fibrin(ogen) degradation products. A peripheral blood smear, buffy coat preparation, and bone marrow aspirate contained low numbers of large atypical cells that had moderate nuclear:cytoplasmic ratios, oval nuclei with multiple prominent nuclei, and basophilic cytoplasm with villous projections. A small nodule was found in the left inguinal mammary gland, and a fine-needle aspirate contained cells similar to those in blood and bone marrow. In samples of blood, bone marrow, and the mammary mass, the neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin. The diagnosis was mammary carcinoma with secondary disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow and circulating tumor cells in blood; this diagnosis was not confirmed by histopathologic examination. Owing to clinical deterioration and the poor prognosis, the dog was euthanized and a necropsy was not performed. This is the first report of a canine mammary carcinoma with circulating tumor cells and secondary DIC.  相似文献   

12.
This report describes the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of an adrenocortical carcinoma with distant metastasis in a Sprague-Dawley rat. Macroscopically, a single large mass was observed in the adrenal gland, and multiple nodules were noted in the lung, liver and thyroid. Histologically, the adrenal tumor consisted of a solid growth of eosinophilic round cells with nuclear atypia. Vascular invasion was present, and multiple metastatic lesions were also observed in the lungs, liver, and mediastinal lymph nodes. Immunohistochemically, the nuclei of these tumor cells were positive for Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF-1). In the thyroid, tumor cells histologically resembling adrenal cells were immunohistochemically negative for SF-1 but positive for calcitonin; thus the lesion was diagnosed as thyroid C-cell carcinoma. From these results, the present case was diagnosed as adrenocortical carcinoma with distant metastases. SF-1 could be a valuable marker for the differential diagnosis of adrenocortical tumors versus other endocrine tumors such as C-cell carcinoma.  相似文献   

13.
An 8-year-old Holstein cow had tumor nodules and enlarged lymph nodes in the mediastinum, and metastatic tumor masses in the pelvic cavity. The neoplastic cells were characterized by squamous features and intracytoplasmic vacuoles carrying microvilli, some of which contained periodic acid Schiff-positive globular cores, but tubular structures or goblet cells were absent. Many neoplastic cells stained positively for keratin, and occasional cells were positive for thymosin. The presence of secretory granules in the cytoplasm was confirmed by electron microscopy. This neoplasm was considered to be of thymic hormone-secreting epithelial cell origin.  相似文献   

14.
Case 1: A tumor mass involving the rostral part of left cerebrum was found in a two-year-old female budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) at necropsy. Histologically, the neoplastic cells were arranged in sheets or cords and occasionally showed nest growth patterns. These uniform tumor cells had a little cytoplasm and ovoid or round basophilic nuclei with clearly distinct cytoplasmic membranes. The tumor cells were strong diffusely immunostained with both neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament protein and partially for synaptophysin. They lacked chromogranin A, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, S-100, and cytokeratin antigen expression. Moreover, they had no reaction to antibodies against pituitary hormones, such as adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone, and prolactin. The histological and immunohistochemical examination determined the tumor as neuroblastoma. Case 2: An extremely enlarged pituitary mass was found above the sella turcica of a male budgerigar. It was soft and well delineated from the adjacent structures. On histological examination, this tumor consisted of a sheet of large closely packed polyhedral cells that had scant to a large amount of pale to strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm. The pleomorphic nuclei were apparently variable in shape, from small round hyperchromatic to very large vesicular forms. The cell boundaries were not clearly distinct. The multifocal immunolabelling of neoplastic cells for NSE, synaptophysin, GFAP, and ACTH appeared, whereas a few cells reacted with vimentin and S-100 and stained negative for other markers, which were also utilized for case 1. Histological and immunohistochemical findings led to identification of corticotroph adenocarcinoma in the pituitary gland.  相似文献   

15.
A 17-year-old Quarter Horse mare developed rapidly progressive, bilateral, firm enlargements of both mammary glands, ventral abdominal edema, dyspnea, and neurologic signs. The horse was euthanatized, and a carcinoma of the mammary gland was diagnosed at necropsy. Microscopically, normal glandular parenchyma was replaced by neoplastic nodules, and the tumor had metastasized to most visceral organs and throughout the musculoskeletal and central nervous systems. The tumor had a solid pattern, with microglandular differentiation, and numerous syncytial sheets.  相似文献   

16.
The immunohistochemical expression of the smooth muscle-specific protein calponin was studied to assess the contribution of myoepithelial cells to the histogenesis of spindle cells of complex and mixed tumors of the mammary gland of the dog and the origin of cartilage and bone in mixed tumors. Formalin-fixed tissues from 55 benign and malignant tumors (49 also containing surrounding normal mammary gland) were evaluated. Periacinar and periductal myoepithelial cells of all the 49 normal mammary glands were diffusely stained by the anti-human calponin monoclonal antibody. Calponin was found in 53 (98%) of the tumors studied, reacting with the myoepithelium-like cells of 86% of benign tumors and their remnants in 85% of malignant tumors. Five different types of calponin-immunoreactive myoepithelial cells were identified: hypertrophic myoepithelial cells. fusiform cells, stellate myoepithelial cells, rounded (myoepithelial) cells, and chondroblasts. Differences in staining intensity and staining pattern among these five types of cells suggested a transition of myoepithelial cells to chondroblasts. Stromal myofibroblasts also showed calponin immunoreactivity, but they did not react with a cytokeratin 14 monoclonal antibody, which recognizes myoepithelial cells in mammary gland. Calponin appears to be a very sensitive marker of normal and neoplastic myoepithelium in the canine mammary gland, and its identification in different cell types of complex and mixed tumors of the mammary gland of the dog suggests a major histogenetic role for myoepithelial cells.  相似文献   

17.
According to the electron microscopic investigations the most evident sign of the phase of the active involution of the mammary gland in cattle is the occurrence of different great vacuoles with a diffuse content in the cytoplasma of the secretory cells till the 30th day after the beginning of the dry period. Secretory cells which go over in the rest phase show a great reduction of the cell organelles and many filaments and secondary lysosomes or residual bodies. One can observe many macrophages and lymphocytes in the partly enlarged intercellular rooms between the secretory cells and the myoepithelial cells. The myoepithelial cells are adapting to the changing forms of alveoli. The phase of the colostrogenesis is characterised by the enlargement of the cell organelles and the reappearance of vacuoles.  相似文献   

18.
Sexual dimorphism is a routinely encountered but previously unreported feature of the normal rat mammary gland. Forty male and 40 female F344 rats, 19 weeks of age, were examined retrospectively to document histologic differences that are very apparent when mammary glands of males and females of the same age are compared. Development of the mammary gland starts in utero, and there is reported to be little morphologic difference between males and females at birth. By 19 weeks of age, however, the differences are very noticeable. The mammary glands of females, comprised of scattered tubular ducts and alveolar structures that have distinct lumina lined, usually, by a single layer of cuboidal epithelium, are characterized as tubuloalveolar. In young males, mammary tissue is generally more florid than in females of the same age. There are, scattered within the hypodermis, larger, more contiguous, lobular groups of cells that are distinct for their lack of obvious tubular or ductal orientation. The cells, arranged into alveoli, are generally characterized by abundant, foamy, eosinophilic cytoplasm containing distinct, variably-sized vacuoles. Alveolar lumina are mostly indistinct but may contain evidence of secretory activity. To emphasize the importance of this difference, selected results of a routine toxicity study are discussed in which the mammary glands of male rats, exposed for 52 weeks to cis-N-(1-benzyl-2-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-methoxy-4- methyl-aminobenzamide, a reported dopamine antagonist, underwent distinctive histomorphologic changes. As a result of exposure to this compound, the lobuloalveolar structure described as normal for male rats assumed characteristics of a tubuloalveolar morphology indistinguishable from that seen in the unexposed females.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

19.
A case of aural carcinoma with chondroid metaplasia at metastatic foci in an 8-year-old male pug is described. Multiple metastases in both lungs and the right submandibular, parotid, retropharyngeal, cervical and prescapular lymph nodes were detected. Histologically, the skin of the right ear canal appeared to be diffusely infiltrated by cords and nests of neoplastic epithelial cells, showing multifocal contiguity with the overlying hyperplastic squamous epithelium. Most of the carcinomatous cells were arranged in a glandular-like pattern, with formation of lumens containing epithelial cells attached to the peripheral cell layer by elongated intercellular bridges. Scattered foci of keratinization with central accumulations of compact, laminated keratin were also observed, and histochemical stains failed to detect mucinous secretory material. Even though histological and histochemical findings were compatible with a diagnosis of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma, CAM5.2 immunostaining was detectable in the majority, although not all, neoplastic cells, confirming a diagnosis of poorly differentiated ceruminous gland carcinoma. Pulmonary metastatic nodules revealed multifocal areas of cartilaginous metaplasia with apparent transition of carcinomatous cells to chondroid cells, showing nuclear atypia and focal cytokeratin immunostaining. Carcinomatous cells surrounding chondroid areas also revealed focal vimentin and S100 immunoreactivity. Histological evidence of transition between the two components, as well as the presence of intermediate cells displaying both epithelial and mesenchymal immunohistochemical features, strongly indicated a final diagnosis of carcinosarcoma, in which chondrosarcomatous elements were derived from carcinoma cells.  相似文献   

20.
This study histopathologically and immunohistochemically investigated a spontaneously occurring single mass subcutaneously located in the left lower abdomen of a female BALB/cAJcl−nu/+ mouse at 10 weeks of age. The mass was about 20 × 15 × 10 mm in size after formalin fixation; nevertheless, it was not detected by clinical observations at 9 weeks of age. H&E staining revealed the tumor origin was epithelial and probably arose from the mammary gland, and the tumor cells demonstrated a squamous, acinar or polyhedral/basal pattern. A cell kinetics analysis revealed that many of the tumor cells of the squamous, acinar or polyhedral/basal component were positive for PCNA and cyclin D1, although there were a few of TUNEL-positive tumor cells in all of the components. An epithelial/mesenchymal analysis demonstrated that most of the tumor cells of the squamous and acinar components contained keratin and E-cadherin; however, most of the tumor cells of the polyhedral/basal component were less or very weakly positive for these markers. The tumor cells of the squamous component were negative for vimentin and SMA; however, many of the tumor cells of the polyhedral/basal component exhibited vimentin. In addition, expression of SMA was confirmed in some tumor cells of the acinar and basal components. Based on the microscopic and immunohistochemical characterizations, the tumor was diagnosed to be adenosquamous carcinoma that originated from the mammary gland with rapid growth, and the tumor cells demonstrated epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like changes.  相似文献   

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