共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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贮粮害虫以鞘翅目种类占多数,其对贮粮为害的选择、分布密度、交配、产卵等行为大都是由化学激素来起调控作用的.对此深入研究必将为控制害虫对贮粮的危害开拓广阔前景. 相似文献
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咸宁市常年仓贮水稻种子在300万kg左右,仓库害虫发生率达到12%,受害水稻种子发芽率降低甚至丧失活力.加强对仓库害虫的防治是保证仓贮水稻种子质量的关键. 相似文献
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目前,谷斑皮蠹适生性方面的研究报道很少。国外H.J.Bank(1977)所发表的关于“谷斑皮蠹分布和扎根”一文也仅限于用实验室的数据来推断。事实上谷斑皮蠹之类的仓贮害虫长期生活在仓贮条件下,而仓贮的温湿度的变化和仓库的质地、结构以及纬度诸条件与室外气象条件有相当大的差异。一般在热带和亚热带地区室内外温度相差较小;而在寒冷地区彼此相差往往就很大,因此为了探索谷斑皮蠹在我国的适生性以便采取不同的检疫措施,农业部植检所和瑞丽、畹叮、昆明动植物检疫所共同进行了在该三地区仓贮环境的适生性的初步试验,并将室内外温度作一对比。 相似文献
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将均匀设计和响应面法联用,优化了30%噻虫胺悬浮剂配方。分别采用偏最小二乘二次多项式回归和二次多项式逐步回归方法,分析了润湿分散剂和黏度调节剂对制剂热贮稳定性的影响。结果表明:两种回归方法拟合热贮析水率模型的决定系数(R2)分别为0.9411和0.9999,可用于预测热贮析水率。经验证,对热贮析水率的预测配方均为优化配方,样品的热贮析水率均低于5%,热贮前后样品的悬浮率均高于92%。两种回归方法中,二次多项式逐步回归模型对热贮析水率的预测性更好,相对标准偏差仅为-4.85%。所得最优配方(均为质量分数)为:3% T2700(聚羧酸盐类润湿分散剂)、0.4% NR1602(苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚)、0.22%黄原胶和2%硅酸镁铝,此时热贮析水率最小为2.27%±0.08%,热贮前后制剂的悬浮率分别为92.51%±0.25%和92.02%±0.46%,热贮后未发现絮凝、结块或结底现象,而且具有良好的分散性和流动性。结合响应面结果,适当降低T2700用量后,样品的热贮析水率仍低于5%,且其他性能均合格。可见,均匀设计和响应面法联用对悬浮剂配方进行优化具有良好的适应性。 相似文献
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1990年12月19—20日,全国植保总站、中国植保学会科普专业委员会共同在江苏连云港市召开了农户贮粮害虫防治技术交流会,苏、豫、鲁、冀、皖等6省2市近40位植保技术干部出席了会议。各省市汇报了农户贮粮方式、数量、害虫种类及为害损失情况,交流了以磷化铝熏蒸为主的防治农户贮粮害虫的技术。 据不同产粮地区农户抽样调查,农户贮粮占生产粮食的70％以上,每户贮粮一般为1500—2000公斤,主要贮粮害虫有玉米象、麦蛾、谷蠹、扁谷盗、锯谷盗、绿豆象等十余种, 相似文献
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近年来农户贮粮增多,贮粮害虫的防治已提上日程。江苏、上海等地开展了磷化铝熏蒸防治农户贮粮害虫的试验示范,取得了较好的效果。为使这项技术迅速推广,全国植保总站组织江苏、河南、河北、山东和陕 相似文献
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We investigated insecticidal effects of iminoctadine liquid formulation, a fungicide containing iminoctadine triacetate, on the silkworm Bombyx mori that is an important domesticated insect. Iminoctadine liquid formulation was incorporated in an artificial diet and fed to silkworms for 24 h on the first day of either the third or fourth instar, thereafter reared without the fungicide. Third instar larvae that ingested the diet containing 1% (wt/wt) iminoctadine liquid formulation died within 24 h (subacute toxicity), and those that ingested either 0.1% or 0.3% iminoctadine liquid formulation developed to the pharate fourth stage and then became deficient in molting (delayed toxicity). In fourth instar larvae, iminoctadine liquid formulation exhibited subacute toxicity and delayed toxicity at 0.3% and >1%, respectively. Furthermore, we fed the larvae a diet with iminoctadine liquid formulation for 24 h at different intervals in the inter-molting period of the third and fourth instar. Iminoctadine liquid formulation administered at an earlier stage in the inter-molting period exerted a more severe effect than a later administration. Iminoctadine triacetate, an anti-fungal ingredient in the iminoctadine liquid formulation, exhibited toxicity similar to that of the liquid formulation. 相似文献
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The effect of agronomic doses of three suspension concentrate formulations and two anionic surfactant adjuvants on the solubilisation and sorption characteristics of triticonazole fungicide in a loamy clay soil was investigated. Soil sorption of [14C]triticonazole alone, in the formulations, and in the presence of increasing doses of formulation additives was measured using the classical batch equilibration technique. Triticonazole solubilisation in water‐formulation systems was also evaluated using a batch procedure, and sorption of the formulation aqueous phases on soil was examined. Solubilisation of triticonazole in the formulation systems occurred in excess of the solubility in water (Sw). This was attributed to triticonazole association with surfactant monomers. Sorption isotherms of triticonazole with diluted surfactants and other formulation additives were similar to that of triticonazole alone. We concluded that in soil‐formulation systems, triticonazole solubilisation in excess of the Sw may increase the amount available in soil solution for plant absorption. However, triticonazole molecules preferentially associated with the soil surfaces, and the presence of diluted amounts of the formulation adjuvants would not significantly affect the soil sorption process. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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House flies were collected from dairies in New York state and the levels of resistance to commercially available insecticide formulations were measured on painted and unpainted plywood panels. Dimethoate was ineffective on all surfaces. The wettable powder permethrin formulation was more toxic than the emulsifiable concentrate formulation. The wettable powder cyfluthrin formulation was also more toxic than the recently developed liquid formulation. In general, the best house fly control was obtained on flat latex painted plywood panels and the poorest control on gloss latex painted panels. It is highly unlikely that producers obtain adequate control with dimethoate and permethrin. 相似文献
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农药助剂的应用与研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
农药助剂种类繁多,应用广泛,并且对农药剂型的发展与产品的质量和安全有着密切的关系。随着对农药安全性和环境影响的要求不断提高,农药助剂应用与管理问题显得日益重要。本文分析和讨论了我国农药助剂的应用发展以及国外对农药助剂的管理情况,对于农药剂型产品的开发和助剂的管理有一定借鉴作用。 相似文献
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为探究枸杞棉蚜经2种蜡蚧轮枝菌可分散油悬浮剂处理后的取食行为差异，本试验利用浸渍法对棉蚜进行室内毒力测定，并利用刺吸电位图谱技术对棉蚜在枸杞植株上的取食行为进行测定。结果表明，棉蚜的死亡率随着制剂浓度和处理时间的增加而增加，处理后棉蚜的死亡率逐渐增加，第2天2种制剂最高浓度的校正死亡率达到40%以上。5 d后2种制剂的致死作用达到最强，其最高浓度处理下的校正死亡率分别达到96.97%和95.97%。2种蜡蚧轮枝菌可分散油悬浮剂3个浓度处理的棉蚜在总记录时间为8 h内均产生7种波形，分别是非刺探波np波、路径波C波、电位下降波pd波、韧皮部分泌唾液波E1波、韧皮部被动取食波E2波、机械阻碍波F波、木质部主动取食波G波。1#制剂np波和C波随浓度的增加而增加，其余波随浓度的增加而降低，2#制剂np波和C波随浓度的增加先增加后降低，其余波随浓度的增加先降低后增加。棉蚜成虫拒食时间由长至短依次为2#制剂1×106 cfu/mL浓度、1#制剂4×106 cfu/mL、2#制剂4×106 cfu/mL、1#制剂1×106<... 相似文献
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Development and preventative effect against pine wilt disease of a novel liquid formulation of emamectin benzoate 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Injection of the poorly water-soluble emamectin benzoate (EB) into pine trunks required the development of an efficient liquid formulation. For injection into big trees in forests a good rate of injection and a high active content were required. Tests on the viscosity and EB-solubilizing ability of 14 various solubilizers in diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DGMBE) led to the selection of Sorpol SM-100PM as the solubilizer of the formulation. Relationships between the solubilizing ability and amounts of Sorpol SM-100PM and DGMBE relative to that of EB, and between the concentration of the latter and the viscosity or the injection rate of the formulation led to a novel 40 g litre(-1) emamectin benzoate formulation (Shot Wan Liquid Formulation), which was composed of EB (40), Sorpol SM-100PM (120), DGMBE (160) and distilled water (50 g litre(-1)) in methanol. Injection of this formulation at a dose of 10 g EB per unit volume of pine tree prevented over 90% of the trees from wilting caused by pine wood nematode, and this preventative effect continued for 3 years. Neither discolouration of the leaves nor injury around the injection hole on the trees was observed after injection of the formulation. 相似文献
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Investigation of relative rates of solvent and solute penetration through protective glove materials
Adam C. Watkinson Keith R. Brain Kenneth A. Walters Jonathan Hadgraft 《Pest management science》1993,39(3):251-256
Pesticides are often formulated as a concentrate in volatile organic solvents. The most important means of preventing the contamination of workers using the concentrate is by the use of protective clothing, particularly gloves. The influence of formulation solvent on solute permeation rates across selected protective glove materials has been investigated. In one of the cases studied, the solute penetrated the glove material appreciably faster than the formulation solvent. This result, therefore, questions the manner in which gloves are often selected for protection against pesticide formulations (by selecting the glove that offers the best protection against the formulation solvent rather than the active ingredient). Although this is a preliminary study, it is recommended that, to gain the maximum protective effect, all selected gloves are tested using the formulation of choice and that the permeation of all components of the formulation is monitored and reported. It may, therefore, be necessary for glove and pesticide manufacturers to re-examine the way in which these tests are carried out and the processes of product selection used. 相似文献
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Degradation of grain quality during storage is mainly caused by insects and microorganisms. To protect against insects, prevailing practices usually require the application of pesticides and fumigants directly to the stored grain; long-term storage can involve repeated applications. Direct application results in accumulation of chemical residues on the grain, especially from pesticides. A simple delivery system, in which the pesticide (chlorpyrifosmethyl) is incorporated in a biopolymer (xanthan gum), has been formulated with the objective of reducing these residues while increasing the period of effectiveness of a single application. The biopolymer-based formulation was compared to a conventional formulation on the basis of bioassay tests and residue analysis. The biopolymer-pesticide formulation was effective over a longer period of time and produced significantly smaller residues than the conventional emulsifiable concentrate formulation. 相似文献