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1.
大豆脂肪酸5种组分中亚麻酸含量是影响大豆品质主要因素之一,与其他4种脂肪酸比例直接影响大豆油脂品质特性及贮运加工,大豆油具有适宜亚油酸与亚麻酸比例。文章通过高效气相色谱法对品种‘合丰25’(高亚麻酸含量品种,5.94%)与加拿大稳定品系‘L-5’(低亚麻酸含量品种,2.75%)及其组配重组自交系群体中选取高/低亚麻酸品系各2份,盆栽试验分析脂肪酸组分及含量。结合KEGG中大豆脂肪酸代谢途径筛选与不饱和脂肪酸代谢相关候选基因,对筛选RIL群体后代品系发育各时期作实时定量PCR,分析其在‘合丰25’和‘L-5’及后代品系中表达模式。结果表明,相同基因在不同品种之间对亚麻酸含量调控机制不同,不同时期基因表达量对亚麻酸积累量具有不同程度影响。研究结果为探索大豆亚麻酸积累规律及其候选基因影响,选育理想脂肪酸组分比例大豆新品种提供参考。 相似文献
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梁毅劼 《世界热带农业信息》2008,(10)
无芥酸埃塞俄比亚芥籽油含油酸含量较低（330克／千克），已成功培养出中等油酸品系AB3（650克／千克）和高油酸品系AB1（830克／千克）。该研究的目的是为了研究埃塞俄比亚芥的这两个性状的遗传情况。以品系AB1与对照品系25X-1、品系AB3和低油酸品系AB4进行杂交，品系AB3与25X-1进行杂交。通过对杂交后代F1、F2、BC1F1和乃的脂肪酸谱遗传进行分析，研究结果表明， 相似文献
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为大籽粒高产优质油菜品种的选育提供理论依据,以649份甘蓝型杂交油菜组合和813份甘蓝型常规油菜品系为材料,调查试验材料的植株农艺性状表现,分析千粒重与植株农艺性状及品质性状的相关性。结果表明:甘蓝型油菜的角果长度随千粒重增加呈极显著增加趋势,但一次分枝数、单株角果数均极显著减少;甘蓝型常规油菜品系的千粒重与单株产量、收获系数呈极显著正相关,但杂交油菜组合的千粒重与单株产量、收获系数的相关性极小;与千粒重5g的相比,千粒重≥5g的甘蓝型油菜株高、有效分枝位、一次分枝数、单株角果数及角粒数等性状呈明显减小趋势,而角果长度增大。千粒重与含油率、油酸呈极显著正相关,但与硫苷、亚油酸、亚麻酸均呈极显著负相关,与蛋白质含量的相关性不显著。甘蓝型油菜育种需协调改良千粒重、角果数和角粒数等多个产量构成因子,才能有效提高油菜品种的单产水平;千粒重的提高对油脂和油酸含量无不利影响。 相似文献
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陆地棉丰产品系与转Bt基因抗虫棉双列杂交配合力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以 4个陆地棉丰产品系和 4个转Bt基因抗虫棉品系为试材 ,采用双列杂交遗传设计 ,对 2 8个组合的F1进行田间观察和主要农艺性状配合力分析。结果表明 ,含有Bt基因的杂交组合其F1对棉小造桥虫为害的抗性为 0级 ,表明这一外源基因属显性质量性状。一般配合力分析表明 ,棉花主要 5个农艺性状主要受基因加性效应控制。特殊配合力方差分析表明 ,4个主要农艺性状的差异乃基因显性效应。 4个转Bt基因抗虫棉品系的 4个主要农艺性状的一般配合力效应值均为负值 ,表明其农艺性状与常规丰产品系存在一定差距。特殊配合力分析出现 5个优良组合。 相似文献
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利用分子标记辅助选择技术选育具有中等直链淀粉含量的早稻品种 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用高产早稻品系4384和优质早稻品种舟903杂交，杂交后代与4384回交后连续自交，在分离世代利用Wx基因的酶切扩增多态性序列(CAPS)标记选择Wx基因型中具有TT位点的单株或株系，并在田间选择农艺性状。在BC1F6获得92个Wx基因型纯合的株系，从中选择7个农艺性状较优以及外观品质较好的株系进入小区观察试验。综合农艺性状的表现和米质分析的结果，初步选育出产量较高及直链淀粉含量适中的品系Z080和Z115。 相似文献
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采用气质色谱法对索氏提取和超声波提取的3个品系沙棘脂肪酸的化学组成及含量进行了分析.结果显示:2种提取方法对脂肪酸的化学组成影响不大,索氏提取不饱和脂肪酸的得率较高,占总脂肪酸含量70%以上.GC/MS检测结果表明:不同提取方法的3个品系沙棘脂肪酸的化学组成略有差异,其中栽培品系2号和中国沙棘均含有十六烷酸(棕榈酸)、9,12-亚油酸、9-十八碳烯酸(油酸)、(9,12,15)-亚麻酸、十六烯酸5种主要脂肪酸,但栽培品系1号不含有(9,12,15)-亚麻酸. 相似文献
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冬小麦离体叶片失水速率和农艺性状的同步选育效应 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过应用离体叶片失水速率（RWL）差异明显的冬小麦亲本材料进行杂交。研究分析了杂交后代RWL的遗传变异分离特点及与农艺性状同步选择的效果。结果表明，通过对后代低RWL材料和优良农艺性状的同步,选择可以获得产量和节水性能均表现较好的品系。 相似文献
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为明确在覆膜滴灌条件下玉米品系(种)主要农艺性状与产量的关系,应用DPS软件对15个玉米杂交品系(种)的主要农艺性状和产量性状进行相关性、灰色关联度等分析,结果表明:籽粒重、穗重、产量的变异系数较大;玉米产量与生育期、籽粒水分含量、穗重、籽粒重呈显著正相关关系;聚类分析可将参试的15个品系(种)划分为3类,第Ⅲ类表现良好,值得进行推广种植。灰色关联度分析表明,玉米籽粒重、穗重、生育期、籽粒水分含量等性状是影响玉米产量的主导因素,在玉米高产育种中,应以其为主攻目标,提高玉米后代的有效选择,加速高产育种进程。 相似文献
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【目的】分析中国大豆栽培和野生种质资源脂肪及脂肪酸组分含量（本文简称脂肪性状）的变异特点,筛选优异种质,为不同生态区域大豆脂肪性状育种提供材料和依据。【方法】从中国全国各大豆生态区抽取代表性的栽培和野生材料进行田间试验,测定脂肪性状,进行各性状变异特点分析,并应用多元变异指数、聚类和主成分法分析中国和各生态区大豆脂肪性状的综合变异。【结果】（1）中国栽培大豆脂肪平均含量为17.21%,比野生种提高6.22%;油酸平均含量为23.25%,提高7.75%;亚麻酸平均含量为8.00%,减低4.23%;亚油酸平均含量为53.53%,减低2.57%;但栽培种的变异小于野生种;不同生态区均有此同一趋势。栽培大豆和野生大豆的饱和脂肪酸含量在全国和各区差异均不大。（2）中国野生群体及各生态区群体脂肪性状的多元变异度均大于相应的栽培种,长期人工选择使栽培种的变异相对减小,但多元变异方向相对较宽。（3）栽培种脂肪含量与来源地纬度呈极显著正相关,而野生种未见相关,推论栽培种脂肪含量与纬度的相关主要应是人工选择的结果。（4）筛选得到高脂肪、高油酸、高亚油酸、低亚麻酸的优良材料,其中N23547和N23697为兼具高脂肪（＞23%）、高油酸（＞30%）、低亚麻酸含量（5%左右）的优异资源。【结论】栽培大豆脂肪、油酸平均含量显著高于野生种,亚麻酸平均含量显著低于野生种,亚油酸平均含量略低于野生种,饱和脂肪酸平均含量与野生种差异不大。脂肪性状在各个生态区域内均存在丰富的变异,区域间的变异并不比区域内大。栽培种脂肪含量与纬度的相关主要是人工选择的结果。筛选出一批优异种质。 相似文献
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为阐明玉米大豆间作模式下大豆品种的农艺性状、品质性状和产量性状的变化规律,选取7个大豆品种与玉米品种‘陕单650'进行间作种植,分析了间作和单作模式下大豆品种各性状的差异。结果表明：间作大豆的株高、结荚高度和主茎节数比单作大豆高,但单株荚数和结荚密度比单作大豆低,间作大豆的生育期比单作大豆长;间作大豆的粗脂肪和蛋白质比单作大豆高,间作大豆的饱和脂肪酸的含量比单作大豆降低,而亚油酸和亚麻酸含量比单作大豆高;间作大豆的单株粒重、单株粒数、每荚粒数比单作大豆低,百粒重在不同的品种间变化规律不一致,7个大豆品种在间作模式下的产量比单作模式平均低49.88%。通过各性状的分析,为我们在不同的区域筛选合适大豆品种进行玉米大豆复合种植提供了有力支持。 相似文献
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河北省大豆品种脂肪酸组成与含量分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
为给大豆的种质资源评价及利用提供科学依据,采用毛细管气相色谱法,对近30年来河北省审定的41个大豆品种的脂肪酸组分进行了测定,并进行了组分间的相关性分析和品种之间的方差分析。结果表明,大豆中的脂肪酸含量高低顺序为:亚油酸,油酸,软脂酸,亚麻酸,硬脂酸。亚油酸含量最高的是‘开育9号’,为56.89%;亚麻酸含量最高的是‘冀承豆3号’,为9.06%;不同大豆品种各脂肪酸含量均有一定的差异,其中油酸的变异系数最大,为31.2%,最小的是硬脂酸,变异系数为4.64%,通过组分间的相关性分析表明,油酸含量与亚油酸和亚麻酸含量呈极显著的负相关,亚油酸含量与亚麻酸含量呈显著的正相关。 相似文献
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The quality of oil determined by the constituents and proportion of fatty acid components, and the understanding of heredity
of fatty acid components are of importance to breeding good quality soybean varieties. Embryo, cytoplasmic and maternal effects
and genotype × environment interaction effects for quality traits of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.] seeds were analyzed using a general genetic model for quantitative traits of seeds with parents, F1 and F2, of 20 crosses from a diallel mating design of five parents planted in the field in 2003 and 2004 in Harbin, China. The interaction
effects of palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acid contents were larger than the genetic main effects, while the genetic main
effects were equal to interaction effects for linolenic and oleic acid content. Among all kinds of genetic main effects, the
embryo effects were the largest for palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids, while the cytoplasm effects were the largest for
oleic and linolenic acids. Among all kinds of interaction effects, the embryo interaction effects were the largest for fatty
acids. The sum of additive and additive × environment effects were larger than that of dominance and dominance × environment
effects for the linolenic acid content, but not for other quality traits. The general heritabilities were the main parts of
heritabilities for palmitic and oleic acid contents, but the interaction was more important for stearic, linoleic, and linolenic
acid contents. For the general heritability, maternal and cytoplasm heritabilities were the main components for palmitic,
oleic, and linolenic acid contents. It was shown for the interaction heritabilities that the embryo interaction heritabilities
were more important for oleic and linolenic acid contents, while the maternal interaction heritabilities were more important
for linoleic acid content. Among selection response components, the maternal and cytoplasm general responses and/or interaction
responses were more important for palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acid contents. The main selection response components
were from the embryo general response and/or interaction response for linolenic acid content. It suggested that the selection
of palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acid contents in offspring should be in maternal plants, while linolenic acid content
should be improved by screening or selecting the single seed in higher generations.
Translated from Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2006, 32(12): 1873–1877 [译自: 作物学报] 相似文献
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中国野生大豆(G.soja)脂肪及其脂肪酸组成的研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
对中国1598份野生大豆和1595份栽培大豆的脂肪含量进行了比较分析,发现野生大豆的脂肪含量为9.94％,明显低于栽培大豆的(19.05％)。对来自中国不同纬度的174份不同进化类型大豆进行了脂肪酸组成分析,发现随着大豆进化程度的提高,亚麻酸、棕榈酸含量逐渐降低,油酸含量逐渐增加。探索了日照长度,昼夜温度对大豆脂肪酸形成与积累的影响。发现了一批特异基因型。 相似文献
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Here we present a study on the genetic effects of agronomic and seed quality traits in double haploid (DH) populations, which were developed by microspore culture from reciprocal F1 hybrids produced between cultivar Californium and DH W-15. Each of the populations consisted of 25 DH lines. The field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during three growing seasons. Field observations were recorded on seed yield and its structure: the number of branches and pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, the 1000-seed weight, the content of fat in the seeds, and three unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, linolenic) in the seed oil. In order to investigate the influence of cross direction on the studied traits, parental effects were evaluated on the basis of differences between reciprocal DH populations. The maternal effect was revealed on the number of seeds per pod and the effect of the paternal form on linolenic acid content. The occurrence of transgression effects also depended on the direction of crossing and this was particularly noticeable in terms of the number of seeds per pod. The use of multivariate statistical methods allowed for the simultaneous characterization and grouping of tested lines in terms of several traits. Graphic images of the distribution of DH lines in the space of the two first canonical variates showed a great variation between the two reciprocal populations, both in terms of yield and its components, as well as fat and those unsaturated fatty acids. 相似文献
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甘蓝型优质杂交油菜产量与品质性状的相关分析（英文） 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]为了探明油菜产量与其品质性状的关系。[方法]以三北98和油研599为材料,采用正交旋转设计研究甘蓝型优质杂交油菜产量与品质性状的相关。[结果]结果表明：①三北98和油研599油菜品种产量对品质性状的影响均以芥酸含量的变异系数最大,但两个品种的芥酸含量均低于2%,且三北98为0.90%,油研599为1.24%;棕榈酸含量的变异系数最小。②不同产量水平下各品质性状的差异,三北98以廿碳烯酸的含量存在显著差异,油研599仅有种子蛋白质的含量存在极显著差异,而两个油菜品种各品质组合性状间均无显著差异。③产量与品质性状的相关,芥酸、含油率与产量呈负相关,种子蛋白质、亚油酸、亚麻酸含量与产量呈正相关,且硫苷、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、廿碳烯酸与产量的相关系数较小,饱和脂肪酸、脂蛋总量、不饱和指数、不饱和脂肪酸、18碳脂肪酸总量、不饱和脂肪酸总量与芥酸链脂肪酸总量之比、油酸与亚油酸之和与产量呈正相关,芥酸链脂肪酸总量与产量呈负相关。④同一品种产量大幅度增加时,芥酸和含油量、芥酸链脂肪酸总量呈降低趋势,而种子蛋白质、亚油酸、亚麻酸、饱和脂肪酸、脂蛋总量、不饱和指数、不饱和脂肪酸总量、18碳脂肪酸总量、不饱和脂肪酸总量与芥酸链脂肪酸总量之比、油酸与亚油酸之和呈升高趋势。⑤种子蛋白质含量增加,饼粕品质变优;不饱和指数增加,油的稳定性降低;不饱和脂肪酸总量、油酸与亚油酸之和总量增加,有利于人体吸收利用的脂肪酸总量增加。[结论]为优质杂交油菜的高产保优栽培提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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转基因和非转基因大豆油理化性质比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对转基因大豆油的理化性质(主要包括相对密度,绝对黏度,折光率,脂肪酸和甾醇含量等)进行分析,并与非转基因大豆油理化性质进行比较。结果表明,转基因大豆油与非转基因大豆油在理化性质上区别不大。相对密度:转基因大豆油为0.9197,非转基因大豆油为0.9572;绝对黏度:转基因大豆油为59.8 MPa.s-1,非转基因大豆油为60.3 MPa.s-1;折光率:转基因大豆油为1.4683,非转基因大豆油为1.4690;脂肪酸组成:转基因大豆油和非转基因大豆油主要脂肪酸都是棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸,只是在含量上有所差别。两种油样中甾醇总含量都在300 mg.100 g-1以上,且含量种类上差别不大。 相似文献
19.
QTL Analysis of Major Agronomic Traits in Soybean 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
CHEN Qing-shan ZHANG Zhong-chen LIU Chun-yan XIN Da-wei QIU Hong-mei SHAN Da-peng SHAN Cai-yun HU Guo-hua 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2007,6(4):399-405
Soybean is a main crop, and most agronomic traits of soybean are quantitative; therefore, there is vely important studying and applying value to locating these traits. A F2：10 RIL population containing 154 lines, derived from the cross between Charleston as female and Dongnong 594 as male parent, were used in this experiment. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 164 SSR primers, which were screened with the two parents and amplified on the 154 lines. 12 agronomic traits different between the two parents were investigated, and QTLs of all the traits were analyzed using the software Windows QTL Cartographer V2.0. The agronomic traits included quality traits： protein content, oil content, and content of protein and oil; yield traits： pods per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100 seeds weight; and other agronomic traits： plant height, days to maturity, branches, nod number in main stem, average leaf length, and average leaf width. The results showed that 68 QTLs in total were found for the 12 agronomic traits. The number of QTLs per trait varied from 3 for the average leaf width to 11 for 100 seeds weight and plant height, and was 5.8 on average. Good accordance was seen in many QTLs between the results of this study and the results obtained by other similar studies; therefore, these QTLs may be valuable for molecular marker assistant selection in soybean. In this study, 68 major QTLs of 12 important traits of soybean were analyzed. 相似文献