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为探索胃肠弛缓与交感神经机能状态的关系，观察了腰交感神经干阻断对健康羊和实验性胃肠弛缓羊胃肠运动机能的影响，并比较了碳酸盐缓冲合剂或醋酸盐缓冲合剂配合腰交感神经干阻断对酸过多性或碱过多性胃肠弛缓羊胃肠内环境参数、电活动性及植物神经调控指标的影响。结果表明，腰交感神经干阻断对健康羊胃肠电活动性影响不大；单纯腰交感神经干阻断对实验性胃肠弛缓无明显治疗效应；碳酸盐缓冲合剂或醋酸盐缓冲合剂配合腰交感神经干阻断对实验性胃肠弛缓的恢复亦无促进或辅助作用。由此认为，在起因于胃肠内环境特别是酸碱度改变的胃肠弛缓，交感神经兴奋性过高可能不是主要的致病因素。 相似文献
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丝状支原体山羊亚种是引起羊胸膜肺炎的致病菌,该病常呈地方性流行,多发生在山区,接触传染性很强,主要通过空气、飞沫经呼吸道传染.产气荚膜杆菌常引起羊的一种急性毒血症,多发生多雨季节,羊只采食大量多汁嫩草,造成胃肠运动和分泌机能障碍,内容物的酸碱度以及微生物区系发生变化,致使致病菌得以迅速繁殖,产生大量毒素,进而刺激胃肠发炎,并进入血流,很快引起全身中毒.2012年5月30日,我中心接到一羊病例,现报道如下. 相似文献
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藏羊又称藏系羊,是我国三大原始绵羊品种之一.主要分布在青藏高原,青海是主要产区.在家畜中所占比重最大.可分为高原型、山谷型和欧拉型3类.高原型占全省的90%,是藏羊的主体,主要分布在海拔3500m左右的高寒牧区,管理方式一般为粗放的走牧方式,消化不良是哺乳期藏羔羊常见的一种疾病,主要是胃肠机能紊乱所致,临床表现为消化代谢障碍,机体消瘦,不同程度地腹泻,该病多发生于1～3日龄的初生羔羊,哺乳前期的羔羊均可发生,笔者在实践中摸索出一套实用的防治方法,供同行参考. 相似文献
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新疆生产建设兵团农十师某连一牧户所饲养的5只2￣3岁羊出现异常情况,不食,呆立。经诊断为绵羊肠套叠症。1病因因草场退化(沙化、碱化),羊只由于营养不良,体质下降,胃肠机能紊乱,引起绵羊肠套叠症。另外,都发现结节虫的结节,作者认为结节虫的寄生也是诱发本病的主要因素之一。2 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2015,(12)
<正>羊急性胃肠炎是由多种病因引起的胃肠机能紊乱的常见病,以腹泻为主要症状,普遍发病于夏秋季节,倘若治疗不及时或治疗方法不当,则会给养羊户(场)造成严重的经济损失。笔者结合工作实践,总结了羊急性胃肠炎的发病原因、临床症状,重点介绍了采用中西结合治疗本病方法,旨在为养羊户(场)提供参考借鉴,最大程度上避免因本病发生而造成经济损失。1发病原因羊发生急性胃肠炎的原因主要是养羊户(场)对羊群饲养管 相似文献
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腹泻是以排便次数增多、便稀溏为特征的一类疾病,根据不同特点又可分为泄泻、痢疾、便血三大类,每一类叉分为不同的证型。以临床病例为例,阐述腹泻的辨证方法、有效良方的选择及加减应用,既有同病同治、异病异治的常规方法,也有同病异治、异病同治的变化方法。 相似文献
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环氧合酶的两种同工酶COX-1和COX-2既是结构酶又是诱导酶,都参与了机体的某些生理和病理作用。目前已开发的环氧合酶抑制剂虽然有较好的解热镇痛等作用,但存在胃肠道或心血管等方面的不良反应,临床需根据病情合理用药。 相似文献
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Royo F Andersson G Bangyeekhun E Múzquiz JL Söderhäll K Cerenius L 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,104(1-2):103-112
Five Aphanomyces strains were isolated during suspected outbreaks of crayfish disease in Spain and Italy. Genetic and physiological evidence show that the strains isolated from the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii and Pacifastacus leniusculus, do not fit into any previously identified group of Aphanomyces astaci and are not capable of killing crayfish following standardised experimental infection. RAPD-PCR and ITS sequencing analysis show a high degree of similarity between the new isolates, while they are clearly different from the A. astaci reference strains. They do, however, possess some properties, which are commonly associated with parasitic species such as repeated zoospore emergence and the lack of sexual reproduction. The five isolates share some physiological properties i.e. a high growth rate, and germination in response to nutrients and, in contrast to A. astaci, they do not express chitinase constitutively during growth or sporulation. Until their taxonomic status is fully elucidated we suggest that the new isolates be given the tentative species name Aphanomyces repetans. 相似文献
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为全面掌握上杭县高致病性禽流感、口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病猪蓝耳病、鸡新城疫等主要动物疫病的免疫效果,根据上级主管部门动物疫病检测方案,对上杭县21个乡镇的1 019份畜禽血清进行了抗体检测,结果显示主要动物疫病免疫抗体合格率均超过农业部规定的标准,表明上杭县2013年秋防主要动物疫病免疫效果总体良好。 相似文献
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植物雌激素在畜牧生产中应用的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植物雌激素(phytoestrogen)是一类存在于植物中,类似于动物雌激素并具有与靶细胞受体结合能力的生物活性物质,具有双向调节作用,其生理功能多种多样,如促进动物生长、提高机体免疫力、提高动物的泌乳性能和产蛋性能、预防癌症等,是许多药物的重要组分。由于其具有巨大的药用价值,近几年来受到人们的广泛重视,并将其应用于治疗人类疾病、提高畜牧业生产中。作者就植物雌激素的作用机制及在奶牛、蛋鸡、猪生产中添加植物雌激素对提高奶牛生产性能,改善蛋鸡蛋品质、提高产蛋量,母猪泌乳量及仔猪成活率的影响作一综述。 相似文献
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Itamoto K Hikasa Y Sakonjyu I Itoh H Kakuta T Takase K 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2000,47(7):411-420
The anaesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of combinations of medetomidine (Me), midazolam (Mi) and butorphanol (Bu) were evaluated in dogs. The characterization of anaesthetic effects was assessed using a scoring system. The combinations tested were 20 or 40 micrograms/kg Me and 0.5 mg/kg Mi (20Me-Mi or 40Me-Mi) followed by either an intravenous injection of physiological saline solution (PSS) or Bu (0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg). The mixture of Me and Mi was injected intramuscularly, followed 15 min later by an intravenous injection of Bu or PSS in all six groups. The combined Me-Mi induced deep sedation but not profound anaesthesia. The effect of the subsequent Bu administration was observed in the scores related to its analgesic effect. There were no significant differences between the two doses of Bu, following either 20Me-Mi or 40Me-Mi in the duration of anaesthesia, heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature, and anaesthetic and analgesic scores except for palpebral reflex, and interdigital web clamping scores. Therefore, we concluded that the addition of 0.1 mg/kg Bu to Me-Mi elicits adequate anaesthesia with adequate analgesic effect, and side-effects such as bradycardia, hypertension, and slight respiratory acidosis in some dogs. 相似文献
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Broom DM 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2006,119(1-2):1-6
The term adaptation is used in biology in three different ways. It may refer to changes which occur at the cell and organ level, or at the individual level, or at the level of gene action and evolutionary processes. Adaptation by cells, especially nerve cells helps in: communication within the body, the distinguishing of stimuli, the avoidance of overload and the conservation of energy. The time course and complexity of these mechanisms varies. Adaptive characters of organisms, including adaptive behaviours, increase fitness so this adaptation is evolutionary. The major part of this paper concerns adaptation by individuals and its relationships to welfare. In complex animals, feed forward control is widely used. Individuals predict problems and adapt by acting before the environmental effect is substantial. Much of adaptation involves brain control and animals have a set of needs, located in the brain and acting largely via motivational mechanisms, to regulate life. Needs may be for resources but are also for actions and stimuli which are part of the mechanism which has evolved to obtain the resources. Hence pigs do not just need food but need to be able to carry out actions like rooting in earth or manipulating materials which are part of foraging behaviour. The welfare of an individual is its state as regards its attempts to cope with its environment. This state includes various adaptive mechanisms including feelings and those which cope with disease. The part of welfare which is concerned with coping with pathology is health. Disease, which implies some significant effect of pathology, always results in poor welfare. Welfare varies over a range from very good, when adaptation is effective and there are feelings of pleasure or contentment, to very poor. A key point concerning the concept of individual adaptation in relation to welfare is that welfare may be good or poor while adaptation is occurring. Some adaptation is very easy and energetically cheap and welfare can be very good when it is occurring. Other adaptation is difficult and may involve lower or higher level emergency physiological responses or abnormal behaviour, often with bad feelings such as pain or fear. In that case, welfare is poor or very poor even if complete adaptation eventually occurs and there is no long-term threat to the life of the individual. In some circumstances, adaptation may be unsuccessful, the individual is not able to cope, stress occurs and welfare is ultimately very poor. 相似文献
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在养殖业生产过程中,动物疾病防控是非常重要的工作,防控工作做得成功与否,事关养殖业成效,直接影响养殖户经济收入,做好动物疾病防控就显得尤为重要了,本人认为要做好动物疾病防控工作,就从平时日常管理做起,建立一整套完善的饲养管理制度,为畜禽提供优异的圈舍环境和优质的饲草料,做好防寒防暑措施,落实动物疫病防控措施,增强动物个体抗病能力,就会有效地降低动物疾病的发生,尤其是传染病发生都可以避免;即使发生传染病,也能及时得到有效控制。在大规模养殖过程中,我们要把重点放在做好饲养管理,确保各项生理指标健康,增加个体抗病能力,从而增强群体抗病能力,而不是忙于治疗个别病畜,否则会因小失大,会使动物疾病防控工作完全陷入被动局面。为此不难看出,动物饲养管理和疾病防控工作有着密切关系,本人通过调查研究、查阅资料,对动物饲养管理与疾病防控的关系进行探讨。 相似文献