共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
《中国马铃薯》2022,(1):45-54
为探明除草剂对马铃薯的安全性,选用甘肃省目前主要种植的13个马铃薯品种,系统研究3种茎叶喷雾除草剂砜嘧磺隆、嗪草酮和灭草松以及3种土壤处理除草剂二甲戊灵、利谷隆和精异丙甲草胺对马铃薯不同品种的安全性。结果表明,25%砜嘧磺隆WG 2 g/667m2（有效成分用量,下同）苗期茎叶喷雾对‘青薯9号’‘陇薯6号’和‘陇薯7号’3个马铃薯品种相对安全（2级药害）,对‘大西洋’‘克新1号’‘费乌瑞它’‘黑金刚’‘LK99’‘荷兰15号’‘冀张薯8号’‘丽薯6号’‘新大坪’和‘陇薯10号’10个品种有严重药害（4级药害）。70%嗪草酮WP 56 g/667m2（有效成分用量,下同）苗期茎叶喷雾对‘青薯9号’‘陇薯6号’和‘陇薯7号’3个马铃薯品种相对安全（2级药害）,对‘大西洋’‘克新1号’‘费乌瑞它’‘黑金刚’‘LK99’‘荷兰15号’‘冀张薯8号’‘丽薯6号’‘新大坪’和‘陇薯10号’10个品种有严重药害（4级药害）。70%嗪草酮WP 56 g/667m2苗期茎叶喷雾对‘陇薯7号’‘黑金刚’和‘新大坪’3个品种具药害或毁灭性药害（3级或5级药害）,对‘费乌瑞它’相对安全（2级药害）,对‘丽薯6号’‘冀张薯8号’‘青薯9号’‘LK99’‘陇薯6号’‘陇薯10号’‘荷兰15号’‘大西洋’和‘克新1号’9个品种安全（1级药害）。480 g/L灭草松AS 120 mL/667m2苗期茎叶喷雾对‘陇薯7号’‘黑金刚’和‘新大坪’3个品种具药害或毁灭性药害（3级或5级药害）,对‘费乌瑞它’相对安全（2级药害）,对‘丽薯6号’‘冀张薯8号’‘青薯9号’‘LK99’‘陇薯6号’‘陇薯10号’‘荷兰15号’‘大西洋’和‘克新1号’9个品种安全（1级药害）。480 g/L灭草松AS 120 mL/667m2苗期茎叶喷雾对13个供试马铃薯品种很安全或安全（0级或1级药害）。330 g/L二甲戊灵EC 99 mL/667m2苗期茎叶喷雾对13个供试马铃薯品种很安全或安全（0级或1级药害）。330 g/L二甲戊灵EC 99 mL/667m2、50%利谷隆WP175 g/667m2、50%利谷隆WP175 g/667m2和960 g/L精异丙甲草胺EC 192 mL/667m2和960 g/L精异丙甲草胺EC 192 mL/667m2播后苗前土壤处理对13个品种均很安全（0级药害）。研究结果对指导马铃薯田除草剂科学合理使用具有重要意义。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
张掖市高淀粉马铃薯新品种比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国马铃薯》2016,(2)
为筛选出适宜张掖市种植的高产优质高淀粉马铃薯新品种,2014年引进10个马铃薯新品种(系)以‘陇薯3号’为对照进行了品种比较试验。结果表明,‘陇薯9号’、‘青薯10号’田间长势强、商品性好,块茎产量和淀粉产量高。‘陇薯9号’淀粉产量15 328 kg/hm~2,较对照‘陇薯3号’增产49.78%;‘青薯10号’淀粉产量15 188 kg/hm~2,较对照‘陇薯3号’增产48.41%。因此,这2个品种适宜在张掖市推广种植。 相似文献
5.
6.
陇中温寒半湿润区马铃薯高产抗黑痣病品种的引进筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国马铃薯》2015,(4):199-201
为筛选出在甘肃陇中温寒半湿润区适宜种植的高产抗黑痣病马铃薯优良品种,对引进的19个马铃薯品种(系)进行了产量和抗黑痣病比较试验。结果表明,‘陇薯7号’、‘庄薯3号’、‘青薯9号’、‘心里美’、‘丽薯6号’、‘丽薯7号’和‘陇薯8号’7个品种的马铃薯产量高,产量在37 500~62 100 kg/hm2之间;黑痣病病薯率在0~10.64%之间、病情指数在0~3.83之间,是适宜在陇中温寒半湿润区种植的马铃薯品种。 相似文献
7.
包头地区马铃薯新品种引进及筛选 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
《中国马铃薯》2016,(1):1-5
包头地区马铃薯种植品种单一,连作现象突出,造成马铃薯产量和品质逐年下降,病害加剧。该研究从国内多地引进早熟、中熟和晚熟品种共14个,以期筛选出适宜包头地区栽培的优质马铃薯新品种。结果表明,早熟品种‘中薯3号’不仅产量和品质表现优良,而且较‘费乌瑞它’生育期缩短10 d,可以提早上市,增加经济效益;中熟品种‘延薯4号’综合表现优良;晚熟品种中建议推广种植‘青薯9号’和‘冀张薯8号’。 相似文献
8.
为了筛选出适合陇中黄土高原丘陵区种植的优良马铃薯品种,研究以‘陇薯6号’为对照,对12个国内育成马铃薯品种在通渭县(温带半干旱区)和岷县(温带半湿润区)2个试验点的抗病性、生育期、产量和品质进行评价。在抗晚疫病水平上,‘定薯3号’、‘陇薯7号’和‘青薯9号’为抗病,‘冀张薯8号’和‘冀张薯12号’为感病,‘定薯1号’、‘定薯4号’、‘陇薯6号’、‘陇薯10号’、‘天薯11号’、‘天薯12号’和‘冀张薯14号’为中抗。在通渭县,‘青薯9号’、‘天薯12号’、‘定薯4号’、‘定薯3号’、‘天薯11号’、‘陇薯10号’和‘陇薯7号’较‘陇薯6号’(CK)增产2.56%~28.55%,其他品种则减产0.37%~5.76%;在岷县,除‘冀张薯12号’其他品种较‘陇薯6号’(CK)增产1.48%~37.98%,‘冀张薯12号’减产0.85%。因此,建议在温带半干旱区可选择种植的淀粉加工型品种有‘定薯3号’和‘陇薯6号’,鲜薯食用型品种有‘定薯4号’、‘陇薯7号’、‘陇薯10号’、‘天薯12号’、‘天薯11号’、‘冀张薯8号’、‘冀张薯12号’和‘冀张薯14号’;温带半湿润区需在马铃薯生育期根据气候的变化采取有效的晚疫病防治措施,可选择种植的淀粉加工型品种有‘定薯3号’和‘陇薯6号’,鲜薯食用型品种有‘定薯4号’、‘陇薯7号’、‘陇薯10号’、‘天薯12号’、‘天薯11号’、‘冀张薯8号’、‘冀张薯12号’和‘冀张薯14号’;在陇中黄土高原丘陵区土壤肥力差或无灌溉条件的山区可适量种植‘定薯1号’和‘青薯9号’。 相似文献
9.
《中国马铃薯》2017,(1):1-6
为筛选出适宜四川省不同生态区域的冬马铃薯品种,四川马铃薯创新团队在6个不同生态区域开展冬马铃薯品种引进与筛选多年多点试验。结果表明,在成都平原,‘川凉薯9号’和‘凉薯97’表现突出;在川中丘陵区,‘川芋10号’产量最高;在川东地区,产量较高的品种除对照‘费乌瑞它’外,‘中薯2号’和‘中薯3号’产量表现也较高;在川东北山区,引进的新品种‘鄂薯4号’增产显著;龙门山脉地区‘中薯2号’和‘坝薯10号’产量较高;而凉山州安宁河谷地区则以‘青薯9号’高抗晚疫病,产量表现最突出。由此可见,不同生态区域适宜的冬马铃薯品种差异较大,新品种引进与筛选工作应长期坚持。 相似文献
10.
为筛选适应马铃薯主粮化战略需求的高产多抗优质马铃薯新品种,以定西市主栽品种‘新大坪’、‘陇薯6号’为对照,对10个引进品种进行比较试验,综合比较分析了各品种的生物学特性、丰产性、抗逆性、商品性和营养品质等性状。结果表明,‘青薯9号’、‘冀张薯8号’和‘陇薯10号’3个品种产量较高,分别为55774,46904和45982 kg/hm^2,较‘新大坪’分别增产21280,12410和11488 kg/hm^2,增产率分别为61.7%,36.0%和33.3%;较‘陇薯6号’分别增产21042,12172和11250 kg/hm^2,增产率分别为60.6%,35.0%和32.4%。这3个品种抗旱抗病性强,商品性、营养品质较好,符合马铃薯主粮化品种要求,具有良好的主粮化开发前景,可在干旱半干旱地区大面积示范种植。 相似文献
11.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
12.
13.
Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
15.
16.
Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
17.
Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
18.
Alexander N. Shikov Elena V. Flisyuk Ekaterina D. Obluchinskaya Olga N. Pozharitskaya 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)
Marine organisms represent an excellent source of innovative compounds that have the potential for the development of new drugs. The pharmacokinetics of marine drugs has attracted increasing interest in recent decades due to its effective and potential contribution to the selection of rational dosage recommendations and the optimal use of the therapeutic arsenal. In general, pharmacokinetics studies how drugs change after administration via the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review provides a summary of the pharmacokinetics studies of marine-derived active compounds, with a particular focus on their ADME. The pharmacokinetics of compounds derived from algae, crustaceans, sea cucumber, fungus, sea urchins, sponges, mollusks, tunicate, and bryozoan is discussed, and the pharmacokinetics data in human experiments are analyzed. In-depth characterization using pharmacokinetics is useful for obtaining information for understanding the molecular basis of pharmacological activity, for correct doses and treatment schemes selection, and for more effective drug application. Thus, an increase in pharmacokinetic research on marine-derived compounds is expected in the near future. 相似文献
19.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
20.
Tovar LR Olivos M Gutierrez ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):189-194
Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate
present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides
most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but
poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in
central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn. 相似文献