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回顾了传统细菌分型方法的重要作用,并重点介绍了近年发展得比较成熟的脉冲凝胶电泳（PF-GE）、低频限制性切割位点聚合酶链式反应（IRS-PCR）、随意扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）、扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）、多位点酶电泳（MLEE）和多位点测序分型（MLST）等6种用于细菌分型的分子生物学技术的原理、特点以及应用情况,指出了其他细菌分型技术,如ARDRA、SSCP、DGGE、TGGEI、S等的不足,对基因芯片技术和实时PCR在细菌分型上的应用潜力进行了展望。 相似文献
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利用荧光标记技术,采用2对引物初步建立检测猪链球菌荧光DNA扩增片段长度多态性方法,结果表明12株猪链球菌扩增的多态性位点数从51～98条不等,该方法能够检测猪链球菌的多态性,区分不同血清型以及同一血清型不同特性的菌株,可用于菌株鉴定及流行病学研究中细菌源的追踪。 相似文献
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RAPD技术及其在动物遗传育种中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
20世纪80年代,由于分子生物学的迅猛发展,限制性酶切片段长度多态性分子克隆、DNA重组技术,尤其是PCR技术的兴起和新的电泳技术的不断完善,从而使各种分子标记应运而生,并在此基础上发展了多种DNA检测技术,诸如:扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)、随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)、单链构象多态性(SSCP)、简单重复序列(SSR)、测序的标记位点(STS)、数目可变的串连重复序列(VNTR)等等,所有这些技术将为动植物育种、遗传图谱的构建、分子克隆、基因定位等各个方面带来革命性的变化。而RAPD技术由于其在检测DNA多态性上具有独特的方式和… 相似文献
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近交系小鼠在医学与生物学研究领域占重要地位。近交系小鼠遗传质量影响着相关实验的可信度，监测方法主要包括：一般形态学标记、细胞遗传学标记、免疫学标记、生物化学标记和分子生物学标记等。一般形态学标记、细胞学标记、免疫学标记和生物化学标记都是外在表现型或者遗传物质载体的监测，易受外界因素干扰，并且不能覆盖全部染色体。分子生物学标记包括：限制性片段长度多态性、DNA指纹、随机遗传扩增DNA多态性和串联重复序列。分子生物学标记虽基于DNA水平进行监测，但目前尚无标准遗传背景图可供参考。为高速发展的现代医学服务急需建立标准遗传背景图谱。 相似文献
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微卫星DNA标记技术是继RFLP（restriction fragment length polymorphism,限制性片段长度多态性）、RAPD（Ran．domAmplifiedPolymorphicDNA,随机扩增多态性DNA）等分子标记后发展以来的第二代分子标记技术,自从1974年Skinner等在寄居蟹的基因组中发现微卫星以来,微卫星DNA标记技术已逐渐发展成为一种成熟的分子生物学研究工具, 相似文献
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遗传标记及其在动物遗传育种中的应用（下） 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
５分子生物学标记进入８０年代以后,随着ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹法的诞生,分子克隆和ＤＮＡ重组技术的完善,ＲＦＬＰ（Ｒｅ－ｓｔｒｉｃｔｉｏｎＦｒａｇｍｅｎｔＬｅｎｇｔｈＰｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｅｓｍ,限制性片段长度多态性）以及ＰＣＲ（ＰｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅＣｈａ... 相似文献
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Molecular characterization of Streptococcus suis strains by 16S–23S intergenic spacer polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis 
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下载免费PDF全文 Corinne Marois Laëtitia Le Devendec Marcelo Gottschalk Marylne Kobisch 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2006,70(2):94-104
We developed a new molecular method of typing Streptococcus suis based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a large fragment of rRNA genes, including a part of the 16S and 23S genes and the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region (ISR), followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with RsaI or MboII endonuclease. The 16S-23S ISRs of 5 S. suis isolates were sequenced and compared. Size and sequence polymorphisms were observed between the S735 reference strain and the 4 wild-type strains. The genetic relationships between 138 independent S. suis strains belonging to various serotypes, isolated from swine or human cases, were determined. The discriminatory power of the method was > 0.95, the threshold value for interpreting typing results with confidence (0.954 with RsaI and 0.984 with RsaI plus MboII). The in vitro reproducibility was 100%. The strains isolated from humans were less genetically diverse than the strains isolated from pigs. For the first time, 2 molecular patterns (R6, M9) were significantly associated with S. suis serotype 2 strains. This genetic tool could be valuable in distinguishing individual isolates of S. suis during epidemiologic investigations. 相似文献
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Corinne Marois Laëtitia Le Devendec Marcelo Gottschalk Marylne Kobisch 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2007,71(1):14-22
Streptococcus suis is an important pathogen of swine, causing meningitis, arthritis, polyserositis, septicemia, and sudden death in weaning piglets as well as fattening pigs. Recently, 3 molecular tests have been developed in our laboratory: a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) assay for the detection of S. suis species and serotypes 2 and 1/2, and 2 molecular typing methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and an approach based on PCR amplification of a fragment of rRNA genes, including a part of the 16S and 23S genes and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ISR), followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (ISR-RFLP). In the present study, we used these tests to analyze tonsil samples from clinically healthy pigs and to identify individual isolates of S. suis during epidemiologic investigations of 8 related herds with a history of septicemia caused by S. suis serotype 2. Capsular typing showed that 58% of the strains were nontypable. Of the 17 serotypes present, serotype 22 was the most prevalent. In the 7 farms without clinical signs on the day of sampling, we detected S. suis serotype 2 or 1/2, or both, in less than 5% of the pigs by m-PCR or by bacteriologic culture. In the 8th farm, on which 2 pigs had clinical signs of septicemia on the day of sampling, we detected S. suis serotype 2 or 1/2, or both, by m-PCR in the tonsils of 40% of fattening pigs (21 wk old) that lacked symptoms. Molecular typing of the serotype 2 strains showed a common origin of contamination in these herds, given that 1 pattern (C1) was detected in the isolates from 6 of the 8 herds. However, up to 4 patterns were associated with septicemia and sudden death. Several patterns of S. suis serotype 2 can be responsible for disease in the same herd. These molecular tools may be useful for confident studies of the transmission of S. suis, thereby contributing to the control of S. suis infection. 相似文献
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Ferrão-Beck L Cardoso R Muñoz PM de Miguel MJ Albert D Ferreira AC Marín CM Thiébaud M Jacques I Grayon M Zygmunt MS Garin-Bastuji B Blasco JM Sá MI 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,115(1-3):269-277
Swine brucellosis is caused by the biovars 1, 2 and 3 of Brucella suis the identification of which up to now relies on microbiological tests lacking adequate specificity together with time consuming and expensive molecular procedures. Based on sequence variation of the omp2b gene, we have developed a four primer set multiplex PCR assay that was tested for polymorphism analysis of B. suis biovars causing brucellosis in swine. The assay exploits the single nucleotide polymorphisms found in omp2b gene of B. suis reference biovars which are conserved in 43 B. suis field isolates from different geographic origins and hosts. Three specific amplification patterns (S1, S2 and S3) were obtained for reference strains of B. suis biovars 1, 2 and 3, respectively. However, some B. suis field isolates identified as biovars 2 or 3 according AMOS-PCR, PCR-RFLP of omp31 and omp2 genes and classical bacteriological methods, resulted also in S1 patterns, limiting the typing usefulness of the method. 相似文献
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M Boye A A Feenstra C Tegtmeier L O Andresen S R Rasmussen V Bille-Hansen 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2000,12(3):224-232
Streptococcus suis is an important pathogen in pigs and is considered a zoonotic agent. To aid diagnosis of infection caused by S. suis, a species-specific probe targeting 16S ribosomal RNA was designed and used for fluorescent in situ hybridization. Two additional immunohistochemical detection methods, an indirect immunofluorescence assay and a peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, using polyclonal antibodies also were developed. The specificity of the oligonucleotide probe was examined by whole-cell and dot-blot hybridization against reference strains of the 35 serotypes of S. suis and other closely related streptococci and other bacteria commonly isolated from pigs. The probe was specific for S. suis serotypes 1-31. The specificity of the polyclonal antibodies, which has previously been evaluated for use in diagnostic bacteriology for typing of serotype 2, was further evaluated in experimentally infected murine tissue with pure culture of different serotypes of S. suis, related streptococci, and other bacteria commonly found in pigs. The polyclonal antibodies against S. suis serotype 2 cross-reacted with serotypes 1 and 1/2 in these assays. The in situ hybridization and the immunohistochemical methods were used for detection of S. suis in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of brain, endocardium, and lung from pigs infected with S. suis. The methods developed were able to detect single cells of S. suis in situ in the respective samples, whereas no signal was observed from control tissue sections that contained organisms other than S. suis. These techniques are suitable for determining the in vivo localization of S. suis for research and diagnostic purposes. 相似文献
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López-Goñi I García-Yoldi D Marín CM de Miguel MJ Barquero-Calvo E Guzmán-Verri C Albert D Garin-Bastuji B 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,154(1-2):152-155
Rapid and specific identification of Brucella suis at the biovar level is necessary because some of the biovars that infect animals are pathogenic for humans. None of the molecular typing methods described so far are able to discriminate B. suis biovars in a single test and differentiation of B. suis from Brucella canis by molecular approaches can be difficult. This article describes a new multiplex PCR assay, Suis-ladder, for fast and accurate identification of B. suis at the biovar level and the differentiation of B. suis, B. canis and Brucella microti. An advancement of the original Bruce-ladder PCR protocol which allows the correct discrimination of all known Brucella species is also described. 相似文献
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Streptococcus suis isolated from pigs in Finland 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
A total of 58 Streptococcus suis strains were isolated from deceased pigs submitted to the National Veterinary Institute, Regional Laboratory in Kuopio, Finland, over a 3 1/2 year period, most frequently from cases of pneumonia. The bacteria were isolated from cases of meningitis, sepsis, rhinitis, endocarditis and abortion. S. suis was also isolated from nasal cavity, lung and brain of some sick piglets without signs of inflammation. Further S. suis was detected in 12 out of 107 tonsils of healthy fatteners tested. S. suis strains were identified by biochemical methods followed by typing. The most common capsular types were 7, 3 and 2, respectively. Only one type 1 strain and no types 6 and 9 strains were found. All S. suis strains tested were sensitive to penicillin and ampicillin.S. suis is not uncommon in Finnish pig herds. S. suis may be regarded as a potentially pathogenic organism which under certain predisposing conditions may cause serious disease. 相似文献
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Streptococcus suis infections in pigs in the Netherlands (Part I) 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
Data are presented on the incidence of various streptococcal infections in pigs in the Netherlands. 314 Strains isolated in the course of routine post-mortem diagnosis were examined. The most frequently occurring streptococcus was S. subacidus (bio) type II which was isolated in 31.2% of the cases. S. suis type 2 (Serogroup R) and S. equisimilis (Serogroup C) constituted 16.2% and 13.7% of the isolates respectively. Besides meningitis, endocarditis and polyserositis S. suis type 2 infections may frequently be associated with pneumonia (42%). The biochemical profiles of the various S. suis and S. subacidus (bio) types are presented. The profile of both species is almost identical. It seems justified to use the name S. suis for strains with this characteristic profile and to abandon the name S. subacidus. Haemolysis does not appear to be a suitable characteristic to screen for S. subacidus/S. suis types. In comparing three serological methods for typing S. suis type 2, gel precipitation using Fuller's extract and slide agglutination give an almost 100% correlation. These two methods are recommended for serotyping. 相似文献
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Neis C Rohde J Valentin-Weigand P Baums CG 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(5-6):202-206
Streptococcus (S.) suis plays an important role in pig breeding causing invasive diseases such as meningitis and polyarthritis. Herd problems with Streptococcus suis are common in many pig farms and are frequently characterised by disease outbreaks. In this context, it is often important to identify chains of infection, e.g. between a farrow-to-wean and a grower farm. In the following case report a possible chain of infection among the different farms of a farrow-to-finish system was investigated. In two grower units herd problems with S. suis were present; the mortality was higher than 5 %. It appeared likely, that the streptococci causing these problems were transmitted from a single farrow-to-wean unit to the two different grower farms. In the respective farms swabs were taken from different healthy animals and, in the case of the grower farms, also from the infected animals. Genotypic profiling of strains by a multiplex-PCR and AFLP typing method revealed that two different S. suis pathotypes were responsible for the herd problems. Both pathotypes could not be detected in the farrow-to-wean farm.Thus, a chain of infection originating from the farrow-to-wean farm appeared unlikely. The multiplex PCR was in this case sufficient to elucidate the described problem. 相似文献
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4株猪链球菌的病原生物学特性分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
对4株新分离猪链球菌NJ25、SH29、SH40和RC4726进行病原学特性分析,以评估其对公共卫生的威胁性。利用中国疾病预防控制中心传染病所制定的猪链球菌2型鉴定方案,对4株新分离猪链球菌NJ25、SH29、SH40和RC4726进行毒力相关基因检测、细菌染色体酶切片段多态性分析(PFGE)、多位点序列分型(MLST),并用C57BL/6小鼠作致病性试验。结果显示,NJ25株为ST7序列型,SH29、SH40为ST1序列型,3株菌的基因型均为sly+mrp+ef+;RC4726的7个管家基因座位分别为aroA(18)、cpn60(34)、dpr(24)、gki(12)、mutS(1),recA(1)、thrA(4),是一个新的MLST型,基因型为sly+mrp-ef-。PFGE分析显示NJ25、SH29、SH40与SC84有60%的相似性,RC4726与SC84的相似性仅为20%。用108CFU攻击C57BL/6小鼠,除RC4726外,NJ25、SH29、SH40均能致小鼠发病、死亡。结果表明,NJ25、SH29、SH40可能是高致病性猪链球菌,RC4726是1株非致病性猪链球菌。 相似文献