共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A transient rise in tropical sea surface temperature during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zachos JC Wara MW Bohaty S Delaney ML Petrizzo MR Brill A Bralower TJ Premoli-Silva I 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5650):1551-1554
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) has been attributed to a rapid rise in greenhouse gas levels. If so, warming should have occurred at all latitudes, although amplified toward the poles. Existing records reveal an increase in high-latitude sea surface temperatures (SSTs) (8 degrees to 10 degrees C) and in bottom water temperatures (4 degrees to 5 degrees C). To date, however, the character of the tropical SST response during this event remains unconstrained. Here we address this deficiency by using paired oxygen isotope and minor element (magnesium/calcium) ratios of planktonic foraminifera from a tropical Pacific core to estimate changes in SST. Using mixed-layer foraminifera, we found that the combined proxies imply a 4 degrees to 5 degrees C rise in Pacific SST during the PETM. These results would necessitate a rise in atmospheric pCO2 to levels three to four times as high as those estimated for the late Paleocene. 相似文献
2.
An extremely diverse lower Paleocene (64.1 million years ago) fossil leaf site from Castle Rock, Colorado, contains fossil litter that is similar to the litter of extant equatorial rainforests. The presence of a high-diversity tropical rainforest is unexpected, because other Paleocene floras are species-poor, a feature generally attributed to the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) extinction. The site occurs on the margin of the Denver Basin in synorogenic sedimentary rocks associated with the rise of the Laramide Front Range. Orographic conditions caused by local topography, combined with equable climate, appear to have allowed for the establishment of rainforests within 1.4 million years of the K-T boundary. 相似文献
3.
Finnegan S Bergmann K Eiler JM Jones DS Fike DA Eisenman I Hughes NC Tripati AK Fischer WW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6019):903-906
Understanding ancient climate changes is hampered by the inability to disentangle trends in ocean temperature from trends in continental ice volume. We used carbonate "clumped" isotope paleothermometry to constrain ocean temperatures, and thereby estimate ice volumes, through the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian glaciation. We find tropical ocean temperatures of 32° to 37°C except for short-lived cooling by ~5°C during the final Ordovician stage. Evidence for ice sheets spans much of the study interval, but the cooling pulse coincided with a glacial maximum during which ice volumes likely equaled or exceeded those of the last (Pleistocene) glacial maximum. This cooling also coincided with a large perturbation of the carbon cycle and the Late Ordovician mass extinction. 相似文献
4.
Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the high levels of plant diversity in the Neotropics today, but little is known about diversification patterns of Neotropical floras through geological time. Here, we present the longest time series compiled for palynological plant diversity of the Neotropics (15 stratigraphic sections, 1530 samples, 1411 morphospecies, and 287,736 occurrences) from the Paleocene to the early Miocene (65 to 20 million years ago) in central Colombia and western Venezuela. The record shows a low-diversity Paleocene flora, a significantly more diverse early to middle Eocene flora exceeding Holocene levels, and a decline in diversity at the end of the Eocene and early Oligocene. A good correlation between diversity fluctuations and changes in global temperature was found, suggesting that tropical climate change may be directly driving the observed diversity pattern. Alternatively, the good correspondence may result from the control that climate exerts on the area available for tropical plants to grow. 相似文献
5.
利用1949～2011年CMA-STI热带气旋(TC)最佳路径数据集,分析了西北太平洋各个等级热带气旋累积气旋能量(ACE)的时空分布特征。结果表明,各等级热带气旋ACE的年际时间序列中,热带风暴(TS)一直呈现缓慢发展趋势,其他等级则经历数个峰值,但其趋势不同;各等级热带气旋的平均ACE的年际时间序列中,热带风暴和台风(TY)呈现先减小、再增加、又减小的趋势,强热带风暴(STS)则呈缓慢增长的趋势,强台风(STY)则呈现10年左右的周期变化,而超强台风(SuperTY)则主要呈下降趋势。各月ACE分布中,TS、STS、TY、STY 4个等级的热带气旋均在9月达最大值,SuperTY在9月达最大值。TS、STS、TY的ACE空间分布的高频中心位于南海,STY和SuperTY的高频中心位于125°～135°E、15°～25°N的区域。 相似文献
6.
Weathering of uplifted continental rocks consumes carbon dioxide and transports cations to the oceans, thereby playing a critical role in controlling both seawater chemistry and climate. However, there are few archives of seawater chemical change that reveal shifts in global tectonic forces connecting Earth ocean-climate processes. We present a 68-million-year record of lithium isotopes in seawater (δ(7)Li(SW)) reconstructed from planktonic foraminifera. From the Paleocene (60 million years ago) to the present, δ(7)Li(SW) rose by 9 per mil (‰), requiring large changes in continental weathering and seafloor reverse weathering that are consistent with increased tectonic uplift, more rapid continental denudation, increasingly incongruent continental weathering (lower chemical weathering intensity), and more rapid CO(2) drawdown. A 5‰ drop in δ(7)Li(SW) across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary cannot be produced by an impactor or by Deccan trap volcanism, suggesting large-scale continental denudation. 相似文献
7.
香荚兰属种质研究与利用现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
香荚兰属植物分布全球热带地区,南北纬27°以内,全世界有近110种。目前在我国发现有4种,即台湾香荚兰(Vanilla somai Hayata)、深圳香荚兰(Vanilla shenzhenica Z.J.Liu&S.C.Chen)、越南香荚兰(Vanilla shenzhenica Gagnep)和大香荚兰(Vanilla siamensis Rolfe ex Downie),分布在广西、贵州、云南、海南、广东以及台湾等地潮湿的热带山沟谷林下。商业栽培的香荚兰主要是墨西哥香荚兰(Vanilla planifolia Ames),以生产芳香的豆荚而著称。笔者结合研究工作,对国内外香荚兰种质资源的分类和资源分布、细胞染色体、遗传多样性和资源保护利用等进行了总结和分析,对香荚兰种质资源研究发展前景进行了探讨。 相似文献
8.
The earliest primates 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The known range of the Primates is extended down from the middle Paleocene to the early Paleocene and late Cretaceous by a new genus and two new species from Montana, Purgatorius unio and P. ceratops. These species approach condylarths and leptictid and erinaceoid insectivores in structure. Purgatorius is referred to a new subfamily, Purgatoriinae, of the Paromomyidae, but is probably not the stem primate. The fauna of Purgatory Hill indicates a late early Paleocene age. 相似文献
9.
Food web recovery from mass extinction is poorly understood. We analyzed insect-feeding damage on 14,999 angiosperm leaves from 14 latest Cretaceous, Paleocene, and early Eocene sites in the western interior United States. Most Paleocene floras have low richness of plants and of insect damage. However, a low-diversity 64.4-million-year-old flora from southeastern Montana shows extremely high insect damage richness, especially of leaf mining, whereas an anomalously diverse 63.8-million-year-old flora from the Denver Basin shows little damage and virtually no specialized feeding. These findings reveal severely unbalanced food webs 1 to 2 million years after the end-Cretaceous extinction 65.5 million years ago. 相似文献
10.
微信作为一种基于智能手机的即时通讯APP,其点对点的信息接收与传输方式受到了广大用户的青睐。随着移动互联网的发展,农民用户的不断增加,利用微信这一新型软件进行农业信息服务,不仅节约了成本,也提高了服务效率。创建热带农业科技服务微信公众号,充分利用微信平台的快捷传播特性,向广大热区农业生产者、基层人员提供农业科技知识,通过微信平台提供的统计分析功能获取关注用户读取信息的数据,分析关注用户阅读信息的喜好,以期更好地开展热带农业信息服务,更好的为“三农”服务,提高热区农业科技信息服务效率。 相似文献
11.
利用1900～2011年的海表面温度(SST)和海平面气压场资料,研究了太平洋地区海表面温度及全球大气的年代际持续性分布特征,结果表明,SST在北太平洋和西太平洋地区存在较高的年代际持续性,这些区域SST持续性平均在10年左右,最高达18年以上,低值区主要在热带中太平洋,持续性在4年以下。北太平洋的高持续性与太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)有密切联系,而热带中太平洋的低持续性主要是受到ENSO的影响;大气持续性具有明显的纬向分布特征,在高纬度地区的持续性较高,在20°S和60°N附近持续性较低。 相似文献
12.
Morris WJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,153(3742):1376-1378
Ungulates belonging to the family Barylambdidae were found in the same geologic unit with, but stratigraphically above, a specimen assigned to the Tillodontia and above several molars of the perissodactyl cf. Hyracotherium sp. This arrangement is unusual, as in the well-documented faunas from the Rocky Mountain Region Barylambdidae are known only from the Paleocene, Tillodontia from the Paleocene and Eocene, while Hyracotherium is known only from the Eocene. The expected stratigraphic order would be, from lowest to highest, Barylambdidae, Tillodontia, and Hyracotherium. It is suggested that the Baja California assemblage is late Paleocene on the basis of the generalized molars of cf. Hyracotherium sp. and the characters of cf. Esthonyx sp. 相似文献
13.
Anthropogenic increases of atmospheric carbon dioxide lead to warmer sea surface temperatures and altered ocean chemistry. Experimental evidence suggests that coral calcification decreases as aragonite saturation drops but increases as temperatures rise toward thresholds optimal for coral growth. In situ studies have documented alarming recent declines in calcification rates on several tropical coral reef ecosystems. We show there is no widespread pattern of consistent decline in calcification rates of massive Porites during the 20th century on reefs spanning an 11° latitudinal range in the southeast Indian Ocean off Western Australia. Increasing calcification rates on the high-latitude reefs contrast with the downward trajectory reported for corals on Australia's Great Barrier Reef and provide additional evidence that recent changes in coral calcification are responses to temperature rather than ocean acidification. 相似文献
14.
The climate of the Last Glacial period (10,000 to 110,000 years ago) was characterized by rapid millennial-scale climate fluctuations termed Dansgaard/Oeschger (D/O) and Heinrich events. We present results from a speleothem-derived proxy of the South American summer monsoon (SASM) from 16,000 to 50,000 years ago that demonstrate the occurrence of D/O cycles and Heinrich events. This tropical Southern Hemisphere monsoon reconstruction illustrates an antiphase relationship to Northern Hemisphere monsoon intensity at the millennial scale. Our results also show an influence of Antarctic millennial-scale climate fluctuations on the SASM. This high-resolution, precisely dated, tropical precipitation record can be used to establish the timing of climate events in the high latitudes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. 相似文献
15.
Wing SL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,226(4673):439-441
Fossil pollen grains from Paleocene-Eocene rocks of the Bighorn Basin of Wyoming allow important sequences of terrestrial vertebrate fossils to be correlated with standard marine microfossil zonations. The Paleocene/Eocene boundary as based on pollen evidence falls within the Wasatchian land mammal age, much higher than the boundary used by some fossil mammal workers. This discrepancy partly results from multiple definitions of the Paleocene/Eocene boundary but may also indicate faulty mammal-based correlations to the type Sparnacian of France. 相似文献
16.
A lower jaw of an eohippus (Hyracotherium cf. H. angustidens) from late Paleocene strata in Wyoming has extended the geological record of fossil horses into pre-Eocene time and suggests that the order Perissodactyla had an origin earlier than that heretofore conjectured. This specimen, together with equid teeth also possibly of late Paleocene age from Baja California, indicates that early perissodactyls were widespread on the North American continent before the Eocene epoch. Late Paleocene and early Eocene deposits of northwestern Wyoming have yielded many vertebrate rarities and "first or earliest occurrences" which require reappraisals of inter-and intracontinental dispersal patterns of the vertebrate grolups involved. 相似文献
17.
赤峰市发展设施蔬菜产业的几点建议 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
赤峰市地处北纬41°17′10″~45°24′15″,东经116°21′07″～120°58′52″,光照强,温差大,交通便捷,地理位置优越,具有发展蔬菜产业得天独厚的优越条件。截至2009年底,赤峰市设施农业种植面积达3.73万hm2。蔬菜产业得到了长足的发展,但是还存在着种植技术不高,品种的选育、引进筛选工作滞后等一系列问题。针对赤峰市蔬菜产业发展中存在的问题,提出几点切实可行的建议。 相似文献
18.
为深入认识热带气旋对嵊泗马鞍列岛贻贝养殖设施的影响,并为嵊泗贻贝养殖区位合理分布等提供基础资料,利用2000—2018年间的西北太平洋热带气旋资料、贻贝养殖面积和产量数据、环境要素的海洋实测数据和遥感数据、贻贝养殖区遥感影像数据,分析了热带气旋对嵊泗贻贝养殖海洋环境场、养殖区位及面积的变化影响,结合研究海域历史热带气旋移动路径和风场统计特征、马鞍列岛贻贝养殖区位多年变化结果、马鞍列岛底质类型和岛屿地理分布特点,提出了马鞍列岛贻贝养殖区位选择的建议。结果表明：2000—2018年间共有38个热带气旋进入影响海域范围,年均热带气旋数约有2个,热带气旋活动主要集中在7—9月,8月累积数量最多。热带气旋移动路径可分2个类型,类型Ⅰ热带气旋9个,以强台风级强度为主;类型Ⅱ热带气旋29个,分为两组,分别以热带风暴和台风级强度为主。海域全年的南东南—东东南向大风稀少,8月期间受热带气旋活动常出现9~11级西西北—北东北向大风。在“梅花”造成的东北向大风和急流海况下,2011年嵊泗贻贝养殖区出现大面积变形损毁。自2011年后,嵊泗贻贝养殖区面积经历了3次恢复与扩增,主养殖区趋于饱和,可在花鸟岛、东库山岛、求子山岛、柱住山岛和三横山岛弧岛链西面海域处尝试开辟新的贻贝养殖区。 相似文献
19.
The evolutionary history that led to Eocene-and-later primates of modern aspect (Euprimates) has been uncertain. We describe a skeleton of Paleocene plesiadapiform Carpolestes simpsoni that includes most of the skull and many postcranial bones. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Carpolestidae are closely related to Euprimates. C. simpsoni had long fingers and an opposable hallux with a nail. It lacked orbital convergence and an ankle specialized for leaping. We infer that the ancestor of Euprimates was primitively an arboreal grasper adapted for terminal branch feeding rather than a specialized leaper or visually directed predator. 相似文献
20.
漂流人工集鱼装置(fish aggregation devices,FAD)在金枪鱼围网渔业中被广泛地应用于诱集捕捞金枪鱼类。鲯鳅作为漂流FAD诱集鱼群中最为常见的兼捕种类之一,研究其生物学特性有助于了解其种群结构,对于合理保护该资源具有重要意义。利用2010-2013年间中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业科学观察员在5°N~10°S,145°E~170°E海域内收集的189尾鲯鳅样本,对其叉长分布、性比、性成熟度及摄食等生物学特性进行研究。结果表明:鲯鳅叉长范围为10.0~126.3 cm,优势叉长为70.0~100.0 cm,占总数的66.7%;雌雄性别比为4.1∶1;样本以性成熟(Ⅴ~Ⅵ期)个体为主,占总数的73.6%,50%性成熟叉长(L50)为49.95 cm;76.0%的样本为空胃,而实胃中频现其它常见的小型随附鱼种,如鲣(Katsuwonus pelamis)的幼鱼、细鳞圆鲹(Decapterus macarellus)、六带鲹(Caranx sexfasciatus)、疣鳞鲀(Canthidermis maculata)和单角革鲀(Aluterus monoceros)。渔业生物学信息表明漂流FAD下的鲯鳅群体以性成熟的大型个体为主,FAD对于雌鱼具有更强的聚集效果,觅食是鲯鳅游向漂流物的可能动机之一。 相似文献