共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
给160只健康成年雄性红耳龟分别腹腔注射0.1、3g/L和10g/L的膦氧氮丙啶染毒15d,每隔2d注射1次,每次注射2mL,对照组注射等剂量0.65%生理盐水,于第16d和第30d取样检测血清、睾丸中性激素及相关蛋白含量,恢复期(第30d和137d)显微观察了睾丸的组织结构。试验结果表明,高质量浓度膦氧氮丙啶组红耳龟死亡;低、中质量浓度组血清及睾丸性激素含量与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),表明膦氧氮丙啶对丘脑—垂体—性腺轴没有干扰作用。在试验第30d,中质量浓度组睾丸及血清抑制素B含量显著低于对照组,支持细胞受损;恢复期,处理组睾丸有不同程度损伤,低质量浓度组红耳龟睾丸微中毒,生精细胞间隙增大,中质量浓度组生精细胞破坏、溶解,没有再生现象,表现不可逆伤害。膦氧氮丙啶主要通过损伤红耳龟睾丸各级生精细胞和支持细胞,破坏睾丸生精环境,导致雄性不育。 相似文献
2.
关于生精细胞的凋亡受很多因素的影响,与激素、药物、环境以及动物本身的发育阶段等因素有关。本文对影响睾丸生精细胞凋亡的因素作一综述。 相似文献
3.
人工养殖西伯利亚鲟精子超低温冷冻保存研究 总被引：7，自引：6，他引：7
研究了人工养殖西伯利亚鲟精子的生物学特征及超低温冷冻保存方法。西伯利亚鲟的产精量为113.67±39.86 ml,精子密度为(6.49±3.10)×108/ml,精子活力为(85.4±9.5)%,精子寿命为353±23 s。精子密度与精子快速运动时间、精子寿命之间均存在线性相关,用方程分别表示为:y=1.0384x+1.5089(R2=0.7325);y=2.9069x+74.289(R2=0.6967)。结果表明精子密度可作为一项精子质量评价的标准。通过比较西伯利亚鲟精子在不同稀释液、不同抗冻剂和抗冻剂浓度、降温速率、解冻温度下的保存效果,结果表明:配方2作为稀释液,18%甲醇作为抗冻剂,二步法超低温(-196℃)冷冻保存精子,40℃水浴解冻取得最好的冻后活力,解冻后活力为(51.8±5.8)%。西伯利亚鲟授精的最佳精卵比为106∶1。在此精卵比下用冻精授精分别得到了(72.3±3)%的受精率和(52.9±4.1)%的孵化率,其中受精率与鲜精没有显著性差异,孵化率与鲜精有显著差异(P<0.05)。 相似文献
4.
乌鳢血液指标的研究 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
对乌鳢的红、白细胞数、血红蛋白等血液指标进行了研究。结果如下:乌鳢的红细胞数为(369.83±51.03)万个/mm3;白细胞数为(5.88±1.27)万个/mm3;血红蛋白为(9.54±0.61)g/100ml;白细胞分类计数中淋巴细胞占(58.23±5.67)%;嗜中性细胞占(28.10±4.36)%;单核细胞占(9.10±4.02)%;嗜碱性细胞和嗜酸性细胞观测到的数目很少;血沉为(1.50±0.12)mm/h;红细胞膜最大抵抗值为(0.38±0.02)%;红细胞大小为(10.02±0.52)μm×(7.01±0.24)μm(长径×短径);红细胞核为(4.22±0.27)μm×(1.96±0.18)μm(长径×短径)。 相似文献
5.
采用Olympus3×51相差系统显微镜和SQIAS—1000彩色精液质量图文分析系统检测黄鳝精子活力。结果表明,在NaCl溶液浓度为0～0.3%时,黄鳝精子激活比例随溶液浓度升高而极显著增加(P<0.01);当NaCl浓度达到0.7%时,精子激活比例、直线运动速度和鞭毛摆动频率均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)降低。扫描电镜观察显示:黄鳝成熟卵卵壳膜上的精孔区呈漏斗状凹陷,其底部中央可见一精孔管外孔,口径约4.22±0.66μm;黄鳝精子入卵速度缓慢,受精过程较长,从精子附着于卵球表面到精孔管完全堵塞,约30s～5min。 相似文献
6.
为研究几种鱼类常用催产剂对锦鲤的催产效果,分别给性腺发育成熟的锦鲤亲鱼注射HCG+LHRH-A2(A组)、PG+HCG+LHRH-A2(B组)、DOM+LHRH-A2(C组)、复方促性腺激素释放激素类似物(D组)和“双生”牌注射用高效鱼用催产剂(E组)进行人工催产,比较不同外源催产激素对锦鲤亲鱼产卵和排精效果的影响。试验结果表明,各组催产剂均能在水温20~22 ℃下诱导亲鱼排卵、排精。其中,注射两种复合催产剂的D组、E组催产效果最佳,雌鱼效应时间为11~18 h,催产率均为100 %,平均产卵量分别为(23.93±2.31) 粒/g、(22.62±2.81) 粒/g,受精率分别为(86.44±2.9) %、(85.28±3.2) %,孵化率为(79.44±2.70) %、(78.65±3.10) %;雄鱼24 h内的采精量分别为1 461、1 456 mL,精子的寿命分别为(125.34±8.70) s、(125.26±9.40) s,精子的活动强度分别为(48.31±8.90) s、(47.89±8.40) s,且采精率分别为(69.57±5.25) %、(68.74±4.32) %,产后亲鱼的死亡率均为0。各组精子的寿命、采精率均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),但A、B、C组精子的活动强度与对照组相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。 相似文献
7.
为探究不同投喂频率对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)生长的影响, 确定脊尾白虾养殖适宜投喂频率, 本研究分析了在不同投喂频率下脊尾白虾眼柄和肝脏中的生物钟基因表达节律变化, 评估了不同投喂频率对脊尾白虾生物钟系统同步性的影响, 并开展了生长及肌肉组成的同步养殖验证。结果表明: 在投喂频率为＜3 次/d 时, 生物钟基因的表达节律并没有随着投喂频率的改变而发生变化, 无论在眼柄或肝脏中均表现出相似的表达周期及表达顶相, 且各自的表达量间也无显著性差异变化。然而, 当投喂频率增加到 4 次/d 时, 肝脏中部分生物钟基因的表达节律发生了显著变化, 表现为表达周期改变、相位明显偏移及表达量变化。其中, 投喂频率为 3 次/d 时, 脊尾白虾眼柄与肝脏中生物钟基因表达节律的同步性最高。生长结果也显示, 脊尾白虾的生长性能随投喂频率升高(从 1 次/d 至 3 次/d 时)而升高, 3 次/d 时达到最高, 其特定生长率及增重率分别为(6.65±0.98)%/d 和(199.46±5.42)%。同时, 随着投喂频率升高, 脊尾白虾肌肉组织中的粗蛋白及粗脂肪含量也呈现上升趋势, 在 3 次/d 时达到最高, 分别为(19.98±0.04)%和(1.88±0.23)%。投喂频率对脊尾白虾肝脏中生物钟基因的表达节律有重要影响, 表明该因素对重置或调控脊尾白虾外周生物钟系统有一定的牵引作用。 相似文献
8.
凡纳滨对虾养殖塘主要有机污染指标相关性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2009年4—9月期间,对上海市奉贤区某凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)养殖场池塘两个养殖周期中总有机碳(TOC)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、和五日生化需氧量(BOD5)进行分析检测。结果显示:试验的两个周期中(4—7月、7—9月),14个池塘BOD5分别为(8.62±3.08)mg/L和(10.47±3.87)mg/L,CODMn为(13.09±3.98)mg/L和(16.16±6.07)mg/L,TOC为(17.60±5.91)mg/L和(20.32±6.07)mg/L。TOC/CODMn分别为(1.35±0.22)和(1.32±0.30);TOC/BOD5为2.10±0.44和2.08±0.63;BOD5/CODMn为0.66±0.13和0.65±0.11。TOC、CODMn和BOD5两两之间呈显著线性正相关,第一个养殖周期中:BOD5=0.4174TOC+1.2777,r=0.8022;CODMn=0.5616TOC+3.2091,r=0.8342;BOD5=0.6264CODMn+0.4209,r=0.8106。第二个养殖周期中:BOD5=0.4764TOC+0.7902,r=0.7480;CODMn=0.7941TOC+0.0237,r=0.7962;BOD5=0.568CODMn+1.2912,r=0.8920。结果表明,利用建立的TOC、CODMn和BOD5之间的相关方程,可进行各指标之间的相互换算,从而与不同的水质标准或其他相关研究进行对比,为凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘的水质管理和健康养殖提供指导。 相似文献
9.
诺贝脂质体注射液在猪体内的药代动力学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以反相高效液相色谱法为定量手段,研究了诺贝脂质体注射液给猪单剂量用药后的药物代谢动力学规律,药物由甲醇二氯甲烷混合提取液提取,采用C5柱为固定相,以甲醇-乙氰-乙酸钠为流动相,可变波长检测,诺贝脂质体注射液三组分主要的药代动力学参数为:泰乐菌素:Ka=1.263±0.004h-1;T1/2(α)=0.548±0.02h;Tmax=1.76±0.309h;Cmax=1.614±0.53ug/ml;AUC=26.282±4.96h.ug/ml;Vd=583.88±47.1L/kg;T1/2(β)=9.962±0.53h。双氢链霉素:Ka=2.873±0.55h-1;T1/2(β)=10.39±1.67h;Tmax=3.520±0.715h;Cmax=44.85±6.29ug/ml;AUC=312.08±91.06h.ug/ml。泼尼松:Tmax=1.675±0.096h;Cmax=0.261±0.085ug/ml;AUC=1.253±0.33h.ug/ml;T1/2(β)=1.672±0.202h。 相似文献
10.
以三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)的幼蟹、雌性成蟹及抱卵雌蟹为研究对象,分别测定比较了野生和养殖蟹肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及肝胰腺中的胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性,旨在揭示三疣梭子蟹不同生长阶段的消化酶和SOD酶活性的变化规律,及其与生长环境之间的关系。结果表明:(1)幼蟹、成蟹和抱卵蟹的SOD酶均表现为野生蟹显著高于养殖蟹(P<0.05);野生成蟹的脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶活性亦显著高于养殖蟹,是养殖蟹的2.5倍以上。因此,养殖蟹的机体健康水平、免疫保护和抗应激能力不及野生蟹,尤以幼蟹阶段SOD酶活性最低,抗逆境力最差。(2)野生和养殖幼蟹的淀粉酶活性分别为(1.57±0.09)U.mg-1和(2.61±0.01)U.mg-1,显著高于成蟹和抱卵蟹(P<0.05);野生和养殖成蟹的胃蛋白酶活性分别为(5.83±0.45)U.mg-1和(2.77±0.10)U.mg-1,显著高于幼蟹和抱卵蟹(P<0.05),是幼蟹和抱卵蟹的2～3倍;脂肪酶活性以养殖抱卵蟹最高,野生成蟹次之;消化酶活性变化与蟹的生长阶段及食性转变相关。 相似文献
11.
Previous studies have shown that the testis of Selachians is a very suited model to study stage-dependent changes in Sertoli cells during spermatogenesis (Dubois and Callard 1989; Sourdaine et al. 1990). In the dogfish testis (here: Scyliorhinus canicula), germ cells, at an identical stage of spermatogenesis, are associated with Sertoli cells to form spermatocysts, which are arranged in zones corresponding to the different stages of spermatogenesis. Using previously described methods for the isolation and culture of spermatocysts from four spermatogenic stages (spermatogonia, spermatocytes, early spermatids and late spermatids; Sourdaine and Jégou 1989; Sourdaine and Garnier 1992) and electrophoresis techniques (1D and 2D-SDS-PAGE) we have investigated the [35S] methionine incorporation into proteins in the dogfish testis. Our results indicate that protein synthesis reaches a maximum in spermatocysts with spermatocytes. Marked stage-related changes of protein synthesis and secretion were also observed on the autoradiograms of 1D and 2D-SDS-PAGE. Further investigations of the paracrine control of germ cells on Sertoli cell protein synthesis requires the identification of specific Sertoli cell proteins in the dogfish. 相似文献
12.
外源性促性腺激素诱导日本鳗鲡精子发生和成熟的作用机制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用兔抗血清对抗促黄体素生成素受体（LHR）或称绒毛膜促性腺激素受体（CGR）和雄激素受体（AR）进行LHR和AR免疫组织化学定位,以揭示外源性促性腺激素（鲤脑垂体激素和hCG）诱发日本鳗鲡精子发生及其内分泌机制。结果表明,经过注射激素处理后的实验组与注射前的对照组相比较,其精巢发育和精子发生出现十分显著的变化。组织学切片观察显示,激素处理前鳗鲡精巢处于精原细胞增殖期,而两种激素混合注射后第10天,实验组可见精小叶中精原细胞的有丝分裂和初级与次级精母细胞的数量显著的增加。注射后第35天,靠近生殖上皮除有少量精原细胞外,精小叶中有大量初级精母细胞和次级精母细胞和少数精子细胞以及管腔中存在少量精子。在注射后第83天,日本鳗鲡完成了精子发生和精巢发育成熟以及释精。免疫组织化学染色结果进一步揭示,激素处理前,LH受体免疫活性分布在生殖上皮,显示强的免疫阳性反应;激素处理后,LH受体定位在Sertoli细胞和间质细胞以及精原细胞和初级与次级精母细胞的胞膜上,均显示强的免疫阳性反应。激素处理前,雄激素受体定位在生殖上皮和早期生精细胞的胞膜上;激素处理后,AR则定位在这些生精细胞的核或胞质,而精子细胞和精子显示免疫阴性反应。这些结果首次证明了这两种激素诱导鳗鲡精子发生和成熟的作用机制是通过LH受体和雄激素受体的介导。 相似文献
13.
中华绒螯蟹精巢发育组织学 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验结果表明:中华绒螯蟹精巢由生精小管组成,生精小管一侧为管壁上皮,另一侧为生发区。各个生精小管中生殖细胞发育不同步:同一个生精小管内生殖细胞的成熟方式由近基膜处产生生殖细胞,向管腔推进,最终进入输精小管;不同生精小管生殖细胞由精巢前端顶部开始成熟,沿精巢外侧向后端输精小管方向推移,成熟的精子进入输精小管;取不同发育时期的河蟹,依据河蟹外部形态和精巢形态,组织结构及生精小管内占优势的雄性生殖细胞种类和数量,可以把河蟹精巢发育分为5个时期,即精原细胞期,精母细胞期,精子细胞期,精子期和休止期。 相似文献
14.
D.A.R. Vilela S.G.B. Silva M.T.D. Peixoto H.P. Godinho L.R. França 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2003,28(1-4):187-190
The morphometric study of spermatogenic cysts in sexually mature tilapias, during the evolution of spermatogenesis, showed a dramatic increase in both number of germ cells and cyst volume. However, the opposite trend was observed for germ cell size. Nevertheless, the number of Sertoli cells increased gradually up to leptotene/zygotene cysts, stabilizing thereafter. Based on the number of spermatids supported by each Sertoli cell and compared to mammals, Sertoli cell efficiency in tilapias is remarkably high. Sertoli cell proliferation was frequently observed, mainly in spermatogonial cysts, and probably is the major factor related to the testis growth and the increase in sperm production that normally occurs in adult tilapias. The combined duration of spermatocytes (5 days) and spermiogenic (5–6 days) phases of spermatogenesis in fish kept at 25 °C was 10–11 days. Mainly due to acceleration in meiosis, these two phases lasted a total of 6 days in tilapias kept at 30 °C, in the opposite way, at 20 °C spermatogenesis was arrested at pachytene spermatocytes. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive investigation performed up to date on testis morphometry and function in adult tilapias. 相似文献
15.
In the dogfish sharkSqualus acanthias different germ cell stages are topographically segregated within the testis. Using this species we have developed methods
for the isolation and culture of Sertoli cells from premeiotic, meiotic and post-meiotic stages of spermatogenesis and present
preliminary evidence for stage-dependent variations in cell morphology and behavior, thymidine incorporation, protein synthesis
and steroidogenesis. The goal of future studies is to determine how maturational changes are regulated in Sertoli cells and,
in turn, to elucidate Sertoli cell-germ cell interactions. 相似文献
16.
Similar to mammals, in fish the cellular interactions between Sertoli cells (SC) and germ cells (GC) in the seminiferous epithelium
have important structural and functional roles. In this review, we give a brief summary of these interactions, in particular
those on the cell junctions. Despite the scarcity of detailed empirical data, it appears that both basic types of adhesive
junctions (actin- and intermediate filaments-related) are present between SC. However, the actin-related multifunctional junction
known as the “ectoplasmic specialization” is seemingly present only in some cartilaginous fish. Conversely, SC in other fish
species are joined by actin-related junctions similar to typical zonulae or puncta adherens found in other epithelia. Adhesive
junctions are also found between SC and GC and between GC and GC, and due to their particular characteristics these junctions
are known as “desmosome-like junctions”. In terms of intercellular communication, connexins and gap junctions have been shown
to occur between SC in fish, and they may be involved in the coordination of the synchronous development of GC within the
cysts. It is also possible that gap junctions may form an interconnected network between SC and GC within a cyst. Concerning
the SC barrier, tight junctions between fish SC apparently form a functional barrier only in cysts containing haploid GC,
and different from mammals, meiotic GC in fish are not shielded from the vascular system. In summary, although still not well
investigated, cell–cell interactions in the seminiferous epithelium of fish seem to be crucial for GC development, and their
disturbance, for example by changing environmental conditions, will probably affect GC survival and fertility. 相似文献
17.
Sertoli cell proliferation occurs mainly during the phase of rapid spermatogonial proliferation, allowing the cyst-forming Sertoli cells to form an increasingly large space for housing the growing germ cell clone. There is no information in fish on the regulation of Sertoli cell proliferation; follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates Sertoli cell proliferation in mammals. Increasing or decreasing FSH and FSH receptor expression experimentally in male African catfish was associated with respective changes in Sertoli cell proliferation or testis growth, suggesting that also in fish, one role of FSH may be to regulate Sertoli cell numbers. 相似文献
18.
An overview of functional and stereological evaluation of spermatogenesis and germ cell transplantation in fish 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Although there are almost thirty-thousand species of fish living in a great variety of habitats and utilizing vast reproductive
strategies, our knowledge of morphofunctional and quantitative aspects of testis structure and spermatogenesis is still incipient
for this group of vertebrates. In this review, we discuss aspects that are important to better understanding of testis structure
and function, and of the development of germ cells (GC) during spermatogenesis. To achieve this, we have recently completed
a number of studies presenting morphometric and functional data related to the numbers of GC and Sertoli cells (SC) per each
type of spermatogenic cyst, the number of spermatogonial generations, the SC efficiency, and the magnitude of GC loss that
normally occurs during spermatogenesis. We also investigated SC proliferation and the relationship of this important event
to early spermatogenic cysts. The available data strongly suggest that SC proliferation in sexually mature tilapia is the
primary factor responsible for the increase in testis size and for determination of the magnitude of sperm production. The
influence of temperature on the duration of spermatogenesis in tilapia was also evaluated and we have used this knowledge
to deplete endogenous spermatogenesis in this teleost, in order to develop an experimental system for GC transplantation.
This exciting technique results in new possibilities for investigation of spermatogenesis and spermatogonial stem cell biology,
creating also an entirely new and promising scenario in biotechnology—transgenic animal production and the preservation of
the genetic stocks of valuable animals or endangered species. 相似文献
19.
长鳍篮子鱼繁殖季节性腺的组织学研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
采用常规组织切片法研究了长鳍篮子鱼繁殖季节各期卵巢和精巢的组织学结构特征。在所获得样本中,未发现Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期的卵巢和精巢。Ⅲ期卵巢以第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞为主,这时期液泡、卵黄颗粒出现,同时含有少量Ⅰ时相和Ⅱ时相的卵母细胞;Ⅳ期卵巢以第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞为主,Ⅳ时相晚期卵母细胞开始出现油球,细胞核偏移和变形,放射带明显;Ⅴ期卵巢的卵细胞游离,卵细胞的外层分别有胶膜、放射带和质膜;Ⅵ期卵巢主要由Ⅲ时相卵母细胞和大量的空滤泡外膜组成。长鳍篮子鱼精巢为辐射型,精巢内生殖细胞分为初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞和精子,各期生殖细胞和支持细胞组成了精小管,同一精小管中的生精细胞发育不同步。精子成熟后,充满整个精小管,完成发育过程。 相似文献
20.
卵裂间隔(τ0)是与温度相关的参数,为早期胚胎发育时期第一次卵裂持续的时间,或连续两次细胞分裂的时间间隔,被广泛用于鱼卵染色体操作中最佳诱导时间的确定上。本文研究了史氏鲟♀×达氏鳇♂受精卵在14～22℃下卵裂间隔τ0与温度的关系,τ0为第一次卵裂(τⅠ)与第二次卵裂(τⅡ)间的时间间隔(τⅡ-τⅠ)。结果表明:在实验温度范围内,史氏鲟♀×达氏鳇♂受精卵τ0随着温度(T)的上升而减小,在14℃下τ0为85.0±1.3 min,22℃下τ0为45.8±2.2 min,两者之间符合线性回归关系:τ0=154.54-4.95T(R2=0.999 0)。22℃为史氏鲟♀×达氏鳇♂胚胎发育的温度上限,超过此温度,正常卵裂的胚胎比例将显著下降(<60%)。 相似文献