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为评价猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护效果,本研究在应用融合PCR构建副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)保护性抗原AfuA-OppA2和CdtB-OppA基因的串联序列基础上,将其分别插入pMD-28a-INP-His表面展示质粒,并将猪链球菌(SS)保护性抗原MRP、SLY基因也分别克隆至该表面展示质粒,构建pMD-INP-CdtB-OppA、pMD-INP-AfuA-OppA2、pMD-INP-MRP、pMD-INP-SLY 4种重组质粒,分别转入E.coli BL21(DE3)中诱导表达,使重组蛋白AfuA-OppA2、CdtB-OppA、MRP、SLY分别展示于E.coli BL21(DE3)的菌体表面。将灭活后的4种重组大肠杆菌按等质量比混合并添加ISA 201佐剂乳化制成表面展示二联亚单位疫苗,间隔14 d两次免疫KM小鼠,另设含rAfuA、rOppA2、rCdtB、rOppA、rMRP、rSLY的纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗免疫组、副猪嗜血杆菌-猪链球菌(HPS-SS)灭活疫苗免疫组和PBS对照组,二次免疫后的小鼠血清通过ELISA检测相应抗体和细胞因子水平。随后用HPS血清5型HN10株、血清13型ZD12株和SS血清2型M126株和血清9型GZ2株进行攻毒。结果显示:表面展示二联亚单位疫苗刺激小鼠产生的抗体和细胞因子水平与纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗组相当。用副猪嗜血杆菌5型和13型菌株分别攻毒后,表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护率均为80%,其对HPS 5型菌株攻毒的小鼠保护率低于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗(90%),但对HPS 13型菌株攻毒小鼠的保护率高于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗(60%),且均优于HPS-SS灭活苗(80%和60%)。用SS 2型和9型菌株分别攻毒后,表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护率为50%和80%,低于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗的保护效果(100%和80%),优于HPS-SS灭活苗(50%和60%)。以上结果表明,基于表面展示技术的猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病二联亚单位疫苗能刺激机体产生相应的抗体,其对HPS血清5型、13型和SS血清2型、9型菌株的攻击均能提供良好的交叉保护,保护效果优于HPS-SS灭活苗。本研究首次为基于表面展示技术的亚单位疫苗的研制提供实验依据,为细菌疫苗的研发提供新思路。 相似文献
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通过检测7株猪链球菌9型（SS9）国内分离株的毒力基因，比对7株SS9荚膜合成基因cps9j的300bp碱基序列，以及进行7株SS9对小鼠的毒力试验和免疫保护试验，初步探讨了国内SS9的毒力特性。结果显示，7株SS9均缺失胞外因子（epf）和溶血素（sly）基因，溶茵酶释放蛋白基因（mrp）存在于GZ0665和GD0606株，off2仅存于GZ0665株；病猪脑脊液分离株GZ0665与从健康猪扁桃体分离的6株SS9的cps9j同源性低；在7株SS9分离株和SS2分离株HA9801中，只有GZ0665和GD0606株能致死小鼠；用灭活的GZ0665菌株免疫的小鼠对同源菌株GZ0665及GD0606株攻击的保护率均为100％（10／10），用灭活的GD0606和未灭活的GD0627菌株免疫的小鼠对GD0606株攻击的保护率分别为80％（8／10）和50％（5／10），而对GZ0665株攻击的保护率分别为60％（6／10）和30％（3／10）。证实，SS9病猪脑脊液分离株的毒力基因有别于SS9健康猪扁桃体分离株和SS2。表明，小鼠可以用来区分SS9病猪脑脊液分离株与健康猪扁桃体分离株的致病力。 相似文献
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猪细小病毒氢氧化铝疫苗研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选用从国内浙江省某猪场流产死胎中分离的猪细小病毒强毒（简称浙PV－Z株），通过仔猪肾原代细胞增殖后，经甲醛灭活，再配以20％的氨氧化铝胶佐剂制成猪细小病毒氢氧化铝疫苗。该疫苗免疫性好，免疫程序简单。小剂量肌注豚鼠和猪，均能激起明显的抗体应答反应，疫苗对豚鼠接种2次HI价可达到1：320以上（通常1：640－1：1280）。对成年猪接种疫苗0．2ml,0.5ml,1.0ml免疫2次，或用2．0ml免疫1次，HI价范围在1：20－1：320之间，疫苗对胎儿的保护率可达到98．7％。实验室和田间跟踪试验显示该疫苗具有保存期长、耐热、安全、免疫保护率高等特点。 相似文献
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为了探索中越边境地区防控人感染猪链球菌的有效模式，试验选取3个猪场作为猪链球菌病免疫场和非免疫场，运用PCR和ELISA方法评估猪场免疫防控猪链球菌2型的效果，即选择边境地区东兴市、大新县和那坡县作为猪链球菌2型免疫示范区，对猪群接种猪链球菌2型疫苗后监测屠宰场和免疫场的猪链球菌2型抗体水平，以及通过培训等方式对普通群众和密切接触的相关人员普及猪链球菌病防控知识，并调查了免疫示范区人感染猪链球菌的情况。结果表明：免疫场猪群在免疫猪链球菌2型疫苗2次后产生较高的抗体水平，能极显著降低猪链球菌的感染率(P<0.01)。2016—2020年免疫示范区东兴市、大新县和那坡县猪链球菌2型疫苗免疫平均密度达到73.24%,免疫场猪链球菌2型抗体水平合格率为93.37%。3个县(市)实行免疫后，连续5年人感染猪链球菌数为0。说明在猪场进行猪链球菌2型疫苗免疫，能有效阻止猪群感染猪链球菌；在中越边境建设猪链球菌免疫示范区，通过加强疫苗免疫、抗体监测及防控培训切断了猪链球菌传人的途径，实现了人员零感染猪链球菌。 相似文献
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猪链球菌-副猪嗜血杆菌二联亚单位疫苗在小鼠的免疫效力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在开发一种用于防制猪链球菌病和副猪嗜血杆菌病的新型二联基因工程疫苗,并对其免疫效应进行评价.选择猪链球菌2型蛋白溶血素SLY、HP0197和副猪嗜血杆菌外膜蛋白D15和HPS06257 4种蛋白,重组表达并纯化,添加一定比例的佐剂制成含有不同组分的亚单位疫苗.研究表明该二联亚单位疫苗及各单苗能够引起小鼠良好的体液免疫,并能保护机体分别抵抗致死剂量猪链球菌2型(SS2)和副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)强毒株的攻击.此外,调理吞噬试验表明疫苗高免血清能够有效杀死细菌,并赋予机体被动抵抗SS2和HPS感染的能力.研究证实制备的猪链球菌-副猪嗜血杆菌二联亚单位疫苗在小鼠具备良好的免疫保护效力. 相似文献
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对影响猪三联苗免疫力因素的试验结果。用20％铝胶盐水稀释疫苗,免疫断奶15天以内的小猪,人工攻击猪瘟强毒后保护率平均52.27％,免疫断奶2个月左右的大猪,保护率100％,攻击猪肺疫强毒组平均保护66.6—71.8％;用生理盐水稀释疫苗,免疫猪不论月龄大小,攻击猪瘟强毒后均全保护,但是攻击猪肺疫强毒的猪,仅保护38.9％;表现对猪瘟免疫力低的原因,与小猪受母源抗体干扰有关,以铝胶盐水稀释者更明显,但如免疫猪改用接触感染攻毒法,免疫的大小猪均能获得良好的保护,不影响疫苗的使用效果。 相似文献
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猪传染性胸膜肺炎三价灭活疫苗的研究——效力、最小免疫量、免疫持续期和保存期试验 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所研制的8批猪传染性胸膜肺炎三价灭活疫苗进行了效力试验，并对其中的3批疫苗进行了最小免疫量，免疫持续期和保存期试验。结果表明，免疫猪对APP（Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae)1,3,7血清型强毒攻击的近期保护率分别为91．6％，91．6％ 95．8％；免疫剂量为1mL时，对APP1，3，7血清型强毒攻击的保护率分别为33．3％，33．3％和50．0％；免疫剂量为2mL时，保护率分别为88．9％，88．9％和100％；免疫剂量为3mL或4mL时，保护率均为100％，免疫后120d和180d时，攻毒保护率分别为100％，88．9％，100％和88．9％，77．8％，100．％；疫苗经4－8℃保存180d和360d后，攻毒保护率分别为88．9％，100％，100％和100％，77．8％，88．9％。 相似文献
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规模化种猪场猪瘟免疫情况调研 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒引起的一种以高热、出血为主要特征的烈性、高度接触性传染病,至今仍在中国广泛流行。接种疫苗是防控该病发生的最根本的方法,为了查清山西省规模化种猪场猪瘟疫苗免疫情况,课题组采用ELISA试剂盒,对8个地市42个规模化种猪场465头哺乳猪、456头保育猪、436头育肥猪、419头母猪进行了猪瘟免疫抗体检测。查明了哺乳猪抗体阳性率平均为70.11%,保育猪抗体阳性率平均为40.57%,育肥猪抗体阳性率平均为50.22%,母猪抗体阳性率平均为69.69%,证明被检猪群免疫抗体不理想,尤其是保育猪抗体水平较低。同时对12个规模化种猪场,4类不同免疫方法免疫猪瘟疫苗的133头哺乳猪、110头保育猪、105头育肥猪、135头母猪进行了免疫抗体检测。结果表明:乳猪在吃奶前超免猪瘟高效细胞苗6头份,21日龄时二免猪瘟高效细胞苗4头份,60日龄三免猪瘟高效细胞苗2头份,母猪产后21 d跟胎免疫效果最好,使保育猪免疫抗体阳性率达到89.29%,有些猪场使用该方法免疫后,使保育猪的死亡率有了明显的降低,生长发育逐渐走向正常;而采用仔猪在断奶后28日龄至35日龄时首免猪瘟普通细胞苗4头份,60日龄二免猪瘟普通细胞苗2头份,母猪产后28 d跟胎免疫的方法效果最差,不宜推广应用。通过对山西一些规模化种猪场猪瘟免疫情况的调研,基本查清了规模化种猪场猪瘟免疫效果和最佳免疫方法,可为养猪场防控猪瘟提供依据。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
20.
Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664