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1.
Wool and alpaca fibers were coated with polypyrrole by vapor-phase polymerisation method. The changes in frictional and tensile
properties of the single fibers upon coating with the conductive polymer are presented. Coating a thin layer of polypyrrole
on the alpaca and wool fibers results in a significant reduction in the fiber coefficient of friction, as the conducting polymer
layer smooths the protruding edges of the fiber scales. It also reduces the directional friction effect of the fibers. Depending
on the type of fiber, the coating may slightly enhance the tensile properties of the coated fibers. 相似文献
2.
Studies on reduction of yarn hairiness by nozzles in ring spinning and winding by airflow simulation
Reduction of yarn hairiness by nozzles in ring spinning and winding is a new approach. Simulation of the airflow pattern inside
the nozzles provides useful information about actual mechanism of hairiness reduction. The swirling air current inside the
nozzles is capable of wrapping the protruding hairs around the yarn body, thereby reducing yarn hairiness. Since production
rate of winding is very high and the process itself increases yarn hairiness any method to reduce the hairiness of yarns at
this stage is a novel approach. A CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model has been developed to simulate the airflow pattern
inside the nozzles using Fluent 6.1 software. In this study, both S- and Z-type nozzles having an axial angle of 50° and diameter
of 2.2 mm were used for simulation studies. To create a swirling effect, four air holes of 0.4 mm diameter are made tangential
to the inner walls of the nozzles. S- and Z-twisted yarns of 30 tex were spun with and without nozzles and were tested for
hairiness, tensile and evenness properties. The total number of hairs equal to or exceeding 3 mm (i.e. the S3 values) for
yarn spun with nozzle is nearly 49–51 % less than that of ring yarns in case of nozzle-ring spinning, and 15 % less in case
of nozzle-winding, while both the yarn types show little difference in evenness and tensile properties. Upward airflow gives
best results in terms of hairiness reduction for nozzle-ring and nozzle wound yarns compared to ring yarns. Yarn passing through
the centre of the nozzle shows maximum reduction in S3 values. 相似文献
3.
Vildan Sülar Eren Oner Gökberk Devrim Mehmet Aslan Burçin Eser 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(12):2085-2094
Biodegradable products are parts of a natural cycle. The biopolymers and the fibers that can be produced from them are very attractive on the market because of the positive human perception. Therefore, PLA being a well known biodegradable fiber and some conventional fibers were selected for the current study to examine the differences between them and to emphasize the importance of biodegradability beside fabric performance. 14.8 tex (Ne 40/1) combed ring spun yarns produced from biodegradable fiber PLA, new generation regenerated fibers Modal and Tencel, synthetic and blends 50/ 50 % cotton/polyester and 50/50 % viscose/polyester, polyester were selected as yarn types and by using these yarns, six knitted fabrics were produced and some important yarn and fabric properties were compared. In this context, moisture and the tensile behavior of yarns and pilling, bursting strength, air permeability and moisture management properties of the test fabrics are discussed. 相似文献
4.
The intrinsic torque of freshly spun wool yarns is affected by ageing of wool roving prior to spinning as well as the storage
time of the yarn after spinning. The effect of physical ageing of roving on yarn torque properties has not been observed before
and this study shows that the yarn intrinsic torque increases with ageing of the roving and decreases or relaxes with the
yarn storage time. The dependency of the intrinsic torque on the roving ageing time and the yarn storage time after spinning
show a simple double-logarithmic shift factor of 0.42 compared with the value of 1 found generally for amorphous polymeric
materials. The self-plying twist of the yarns used in this study shows a close link to the intrinsic torque and both are affected
by the history of the roving prior to spinning. Significant reductions in the self-plying twist were obtained when deaged
rovings were used in spinning. When self-plying twist is used as a predictor of fabric spirality the roving and yarn history
needs to be considered. This study shows that low intrinsic torque yarns can be produced by deageing of the roving prior to
spinning. 相似文献
5.
Spandex has been successfully applied on modified worsted spinning system to produce spandex core spun yarn. However it’s
difficult to produce wool/spandex core-spun yarn on woolen spinning system with the same modified device because the drafting
device of the two systems is quite different. A new method is introduced to apply spandex on woolen spinning system in this
paper. Core-spun yarn produced in this way has good appearance and quality by comparing with normal yarn. A series of experiments
were carried out to study the influence of spandex drafting ratio and yarn twist factor on tensile properties and elasticity
of core-spun yarns. The results indicate that core-spun yarn with spandex drawing ratio of 2.5 and twist factor of 13.63 has
highest value of tenacity and breaking elongation. 相似文献
6.
This work describes a novel method for preparing electro-conductive rotor yarns by in situ oxidative chemical polymerization of pyrrole. The effects of different process parameters on electrical resistivity of the yarn were studied by using Box-Behnken response surface design. The concentration of monomer, polymerization time and polymerization temperature were found to influence the electrical resistivity of the yarn. It was observed that electrical resistivity of the yarn increased linearly with increase of measuring length of it. Whereas the effects of yarn twist and tensile strain found to had negative correlation with electrical resistivity of electro-conductive rotor yarns. Microscopic image analysis showed that there was uniform distribution of PPy polymer on the surface of cotton fibres and FTIR analysis depicted possible chemical interaction between polypyrrole and cellulose. 相似文献
7.
The tensile properties of air-entangled textured polyester single and multiple yarn ends before and after weaving were analyzed.
The effects of weaving process considering fabric unit cell interlacement and number of yarn ends were evaluated by regression
model. For this purpose, plain, ribs and satin woven fabrics were produced. The yarns were raveled from fabrics, and the tensile
tests were applied to these yarns. The developed regression model showed that the number of interlacement and crimp ratio
on the warp and weft yarns influence their tensile strength. Tensile strength of raveled yarns decreased compared to that
of the bobbin yarn due to the effect of weaving process. This property degradation on the ravel yarns considered process degradation.
Generally, when the number of warp and weft yarn ends increases, the warp and weft yarn tensile strengths for each fabric
type decrease, whereas the warp and weft yarn tensile elongations slightly increase. The results from regression model were
compared with the measured values. This study confirmed that the method in the study can be a viable and reliable tool. The
research finding could be useful those who work on preform fabrication. 相似文献
8.
In this research, possibility of producing and processing antibacterial organic/inorganic nanocomposite polypropylene filament
yarns for permanent antimicrobial efficiency has been investigated. First PP powder and inorganic nanocomposite filler were
mixed in a twin screw extruder and modified masterbatch was produced. Continuous filament yarn was made by a pilot plant melt
spinning machine from the blend of PP granule and various blending contents of the prepared masterbatch. Pure PP and all other
combined samples showed acceptable spinnability at the spinning temperature of 240 °C and take-up speed of 2000 m/min. After
producing as-spun filament yarns, samples were drawn, textured and finally weft knitted. Physical and structural properties
of as-spun and drawn yarns with constant and variable draw ratios were investigated and also tensile and crimp properties
of textured yarns were evaluated. Moreover, the DSC, SEM, FTIR techniques have been used for characterization of samples.
Finally antibacterial efficiency of knitted samples was evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the maximum crystallinity
reduction of modified drawn yarns has reached to 5 %. The observed improvement in the tensile properties of modified as-spun
yarns compared to the pure PP was significant. Drawing process improved generally the tensile properties of as-spun yarns.
Tensile properties of modified textured and drawn yarns were higher than the pure PP. An optimum of antibacterial activity
has been observed in the sample containing 0.75 wt% of nano-filler. It is interesting that the optimum of tensile properties
has been also obtained for the sample with maximum bioactivity. 相似文献
9.
Core spun yarns are applied for various purposes that especially require the multi-functional performance. This research reports
on the core spinning effect on the yarn strength. We prepared various core yarns by combining different kinds of high tenacity
filaments in core with cotton staples in sheath with various twist levels in the ring spin system. And the tensile strength
was tested to investigate the contribution of the core-sheath structure to the core yarn strength. The influence of the twist
level was also checked up on the relationship between the core-sheath structure and the yarn strength. Results turned out
that the core-sheath weight ratio had influence on the tensile properties of the ring core-spun yarns in different ways according
to the core filaments used for the yarn. Increasing the twists yielded a monotone decreasing strength for the aramid and the
basalt core yarns, while the PET core yarns showed almost unchanged strength, which could be ascribed to the extensional property
of the filaments. 相似文献
10.
This paper examines the use of pressurized steam for wrapping and setting the yarn hairs concurrently via a new steam-jet
process during winding. Yarn torque can also be stabilized as an added advantage. The results obtained with two batches of
pure wool yarns suggest that there is potential to achieve yarn hairiness reduction of up to 60 % with minimum deterioration
in hairiness even after subsequent rewinding. 相似文献
11.
The tensile properties of spun yarns decisively influence its performance in various mechanical processing stages. This study
is primarily aimed at simultaneous analysis of two tensile properties of spun yarns namely tenacity and breaking strain, which
play crucial role in determining the frequency of warping breaks. The threshold values of yarn tenacity and breaking strain
required for 20’s Ne carded cotton yarn to sustain the imposed stresses and strains during warping process have been determined
using a bivariate normal distribution model. This study opens up the possibility of minimizing end breakage rate in various
manufacturing processes of textile industry by engineering of spun yarns devoid of potential weak spots which are responsible
for breaks. 相似文献
12.
Boong Soo Jeon 《Fibers and Polymers》2012,13(1):130-134
Peirce’s fabric model has been widely used to predict the structural behavior of various plain woven fabrics. The structure
of plain woven fabric can be defined in terms of the warp yarn number, weft yarn number, warp fabric density, weft fabric
density, warp crimp, and weft crimp. The warp and weft yarn diameters are calculated from the warp and weft yarn numbers,
and the effective coefficient of the yarn diameter is defined by using this model. We have investigated structural properties,
such as the effective coefficient of the yarn diameter, yarn crimp, and fabric thickness for two different fabrics in which
the constituent yarns are assumed to be either incompressible or compressible. This model is also applied to various plain
fabrics woven from cotton, rayon, wool, linen, nylon, acetate, polyester, and silk yarns. 相似文献
13.
Shin Woong Park Stewart Collie C. N. Herath Bok Choon Kang Takako Fujimoto 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(4):467-475
In this study, spirality related mechanical properties such as torque, tensile and snarling tendency and their effect on spirality and skewness are investigated in single jersey structures made from soft and bulkier lincLITE® yarns and conventional wool yarns. Twist liveliness, snarling tendency, torque and residual torque, asymmetry of torque and tightness significantly effect the spirality and skewness of single jersey fabrics. Torques and residual torques and snarling tendency have positive and tightness factor has a negative correlation with skewness. Asymmetry of torque appeared to be proportional with an increase of torque and residual torques, but showed a negative correlation with torsional resilience. LincLITE® yarns showed better torsional properties nearly in all cases in concern of spirality. Tensile properties are nearly similar between lincLITE® and conventional yarns. Lower initial modulus and slightly higher coefficient of friction are exhibited by lincLITE® yarns over conventional yarns. 相似文献
14.
Heat resistant coatings of textile materials are required so that they can fulfill the high security demand in the case of resistance to fire and improve thermo-mechanical properties. These coatings also enhance the interface properties of textiles in the composites. Liquid phase coatings, based on polysilazane and polysiloxane polymers were deposited onto the basalt fiber (BF) yarn using impregnation coating method. Tensile testing under thermal stress was conducted to examine the thermo-mechanical properties of both coated and uncoated yarns. The thermo-mechanical study indicated that the heat resistant coatings enhanced 40–70 % tensile strength and 25–40 % stiffness of original BF yarns up to 400 °C. BF yarn retained 65–90 % of its tensile strength at 500 °C due to coatings, whereas the uncoated BF yarn lost 85 % strength at this temperature. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the coatings have good thermal stability. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, optical microscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses were executed in order to evaluate the surface microstructure as well as surface chemical compositions of the BF yarns. 相似文献
15.
This study examined the effects of the total porosity, pore size, and cover factor on the moisture and thermal permeability of woven fabrics made from DTY (draw textured yarns) and ATY (air jet textured yarns) composite yarns with hollow PET (polyethylene terephthalate) yarns. The wicking of the hollow composite yarn fabrics was found to be superior to that of the high twisted yarn fabrics, which may be due to the high porosity in the hollow composites yarns, but this was not related to the cover factor. The drying characteristics of the hollow composite yarn fabric with high porosity were inferior compared to the high twisted yarn fabrics due to the large amounts of liquid water in the large pores, which resulted in a longer drying time of the fabric. The thermal conductivity of the hollow composite yarn fabrics decreased with increasing measured pore diameter due to the bulky yarn structure. The effects of the hollowness of the yarn on the thermal conductivity were more dominant than those of the yarn structural parameters. The air permeability increased with increasing measured pore diameter but the effects of the cover factor on the air permeability were not observed in the hollow composite yarn fabrics. The effects of porosity on the moisture and thermal permeability of the woven fabrics made from the hollow composite filaments were found to be critical, i.e., wicking and air permeability increase with increasing porosity. In addition, the drying rate increased with increasing porosity and the thermal conductivity decreased with increasing pore diameter, but were independent of the cover factor. 相似文献
16.
Influences of processing parameters on tensile property, stability and bulk of core-and-effect air textured yarns of diacetate
and polyester filaments are mainly examined in this paper. When the air pressure is raised, the tenacity and breaking elongation
of textured yarns are reduced, Instability I and II tend to decrease at first and then increase, the core bulk declines markedly
at first and then changes slowly, whereas the overall bulk changes little at first and then goes up greatly. With increase
in texturing speed, the yarn tenacity and breaking elongation both drop initially then begin to increase, the core bulk and
overall bulk are almost linearly increased, while the yarn instability changes with an unclear trend. When the winding underfeed
ratio is increased, the yarn tenacity, breaking elongation and core bulk are reduced, but the yarn stability is slightly improved.
The wetting of the core component produces higher tenacity, breaking elongation, instability and bulk, compared with that
of the effect component or that of both, but the difference is insignificant. 相似文献
17.
Coconut fibres were subjected to chemical treatment to obtain softer and finer fibres, suitable to blend with other finer fibre like jute. The chemical softening recipe was optimized using Box-Behnken design of experiments as 40 % Na2S, 10 % NaOH and 6 % Na2CO3, which notably reduced the fineness (33 %) and flexural rigidity (74 %) and improved tensile property of coconut fibre. Effect of softening of coconut fibre on its process performance was studied in high speed mechanized spinning system at different blend ratios with jute. Blending with jute assists in spinning of coconut fibre to produce yarn of 520 tex at production rate of 5-6 kg/h, as compared to 15 kg/day for hand spun 5300 tex raw coconut fibre yarn in manual system. Analysis of blended yarn structure in terms of packing density, radial distribution of fiber components (SEM) and mass irregularity were investigated. SEM shows yarns made from softened coconut fibre -jute blends are more compact than raw coconut fibre -jute blend yarns. Coconut fibres were preferentially migrated to core of the yarn. Major yarn properties viz., tensile strength, and flexural rigidity of raw and chemically softened blended yarns were compared against their finest possible 100 % coconut fibre yarn properties. Yarn made up to 50:50 chemically softened coconut fibre-jute blend showed much better spinning performance, and having superior property in terms of reduced diameter, higher compactness, strength, initial modulus and less flexural rigidity than 100 % raw, 100 % chemically softened coconut fibre rope, and raw coconut fibre-jute blend yarns. 相似文献
18.
The effect of strand spacing and twist multiplier on strength of Siro-spun yarns with reference to the yarn structural parameters
was investigated. Of the various structural parameters for staple yarns, fiber migration has a crucial influence on the yarn
strength, which in turn to a considerable extent is influenced by the strand spacing and twist multiplier. Achieving the objectives
of this research, the yarns were produced from lyocell fibers at five strand spacings and four different twist multipliers.
Tracer fiber technique combined with image analysis were utilized to study the yarn migration parameters. Afterwards, the
yarns were subjected to uniaxial loading by a CRE tensile tester. The measured results are presented in forms of diagrams
and tables. The findings reveal that, as strand spacing is increased, yarn tenacity increases up to strand spacing of 8 mm
beyond which it reduces. Analysis of the results indicates that the higher tenacity values at the strand spacing of 8 mm can
be attributed to the higher mean fiber position, higher migration factor, higher proportion of broken fibers and lower hairiness. 相似文献
19.
In this study, ten carded ring spun cotton yarns were subjected to windings. Yarn hairiness, fineness, unevenness and tensile
properties were then examined. Results showed that the majority of the increased yarn hairiness occurred at the beginning
cycles of windings. Weight loss occurred for most yarns after repeated windings. Tensile properties deteriorated for nearly
all the yarn samples after repeated windings. On the contrary, yarn unevenness was improved for most yarns after corresponding
windings. To explain the better evenness of yarn after repeated windings, unevenness of yarn was divided into two parts, namely
stem unevenness and surface hairiness unevenness; yarn imperfections were subdivided into two categories: the imperfections
of yarn stem and the imperfections caused by yarn hairs. Specifically, a balanced opinion was given to discuss the gains and
losses in quality and cost due to repeated windings. 相似文献
20.
A modified ring spinning technique has been recently developed by incorporating false twisting devices into the conventional ring frame. Its application on the coarser yarn counts (7–32 Ne) showed notable advantages in modified yarn and fabric performance. More recently, it was noted that this technique can also be applied for producing finer cotton yarns. Thus this paper aims to carry out a systematic study of the physical properties of the finer modified yarns (80 Ne) and woven fabrics with respect to the conventional ones. Physical properties of conventional and modified single yarns were evaluated and compared. These two types of single yarn were used for the production of woven fabrics. Moreover, the above two types of single yarn were also plied and used for the production of woven fabrics under a commercial condition. All woven fabrics were assessed in terms of fabric tensile strength, tearing strength, abrasion resistance, fabric weight, and air-permeability as well as other fabric performance measured by the Kawabata Evaluation System (KES). Experimental results showed that finer modified yarns and fabrics exhibit higher strength, lower hairiness, and improved abrasion resistance, slightly better compression property, and smoother surface with relatively larger thickness. 相似文献