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1.
农业标准化是农业和农村经济发展,特别是农业现代化建设的一项重要工作,是农业生产的重要技术基础,是加强技术管理、发展商品经济、促进农业技术进步、提高经济效益的重要手段。“九五”期间,广东省农业标准化工作在围绕发展高产优质高效农业,规范农业生产、农村经济秩序,维护农民利益,推动农业增效、农民增收的过程中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
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“九五”期间农业发展的两大任务国家对“九五”期间农业和农村经济的发展提出了两大任务：一是保证粮棉油等主要农产品稳定增长，粮食生产达到一个新水平；二是保证农民收入有较快增加，农民生活达到小康水平，包括使目前还处于贫困状态的７０００万农村人口基本解决温饱... 相似文献
3.
2004年中央1号文件明确要求，“全党必须从贯彻‘三个代表’重要思想，实现好、维护好、发展好广大农民群众根本利益的高度，进一步增强做好农民增收工作的紧迫感和重要性”。农村水利直接为农业、农村和农民服务。做好农村水利工作，加强农村和农业水利基础设施建设，对提高我国粮食综合生产能力和农业竞争力，改善农业生产条件和农村生态环境、发展农村经济， 相似文献
4.
在新形势下,确保粮食增产、农民增收,是我国“九五”期间发展农业和农村经济的重大战略目标。农业机械标准化是农业和农村经济发展,特别是农业现代化建设的一项重要工作,是农业生产的重要技术基础,是加强技术管理、发展社会主义商品经济、促进农业技术进步、提高经济效益的重要手段。 近年来,我省农业机械得到了较大的发展,生产农机产品的企业比较多,开发、生产 相似文献
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1 “九五”期间农村水利成效显著“九五”计划期间 ,党中央、国务院高度重视农村水利 ,提出“把节水灌溉作为革命性措施来抓”等重大举措 ,在各级地方党委、政府组织和亿万农民群众积极参与下 ,农村水利出现蓬勃发展的大好局面。 1998年大洪水以后 ,水利投入大幅度增加 ,农村水利迎来了难得的发展机遇。在部党组的具体领导下 ,农村水利工作思路更清晰 ,工作更活跃 ,成效更显著。1.1 “九五”主要工作过去几年农田水利基本建设受到格外重视 ,冬春修规模与效益一年比一年好 ,“九五”投入资金比“八五”翻了两番多 ,投入劳动积累工、完成土… 相似文献
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四川省农机科教工作围绕省委省政府发展农业和农村经济战略目标及省政府 2010年基本实现农业机械化的决定，大力实施科教兴国和科教兴农机战略，全面完成了“九五”农机科技推广任务目标，农机化事业得到了迅猛的发展，为农业增产、农民增收和发展农机化事业作出了贡献。特别是在“九五”期间，通过广大农机科技推广人员的艰辛努力工作，我省研创发展了一大批适合当前农村经济水平的农机新技术、新机具，并通过试验示范，得到大面积的推广运用。这既增加了我省农业生产抗御自然灾害的能力，提高了生产力水平，又促进了我省传统农业向现代化… 相似文献
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同志们: 这次全省农机工作暨农机企业管理会议,主要是研究我省“九五”期间农业机械化工作和农机管理系统企业发展的目标和任务,部署农机企业的改革与发展、农机服务组织形式的创立和完善,以及适用农机具的试制、生产和农机技术示范、推广。现在,我先就当前农机工作的几个问题讲点意见,供同志们讨论。 1.农机化是农业和农村经济发展的必然要求 打好“九五”农业上台阶、农民奔小康的攻坚战, 相似文献
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一、提高对农业产业化及农机服务产业化的认识党的十四届五中全会通过的“九五”计划和2010年远景目标纲要中明确提出要推进农业产业化经营，这对我国农村实现两个根本转变，加速实现第二步战略目标，全面振兴农业和农村经济，增加农民收人和提高农民物质生活水平都具有重要的意义。农业是新疆经济发展的支柱产业之一，“九五”期间新疆要建成全国大型优质棉生产基地和国家重要的粮食。畜牧、糖料等生产基地，推进农业产业化，实现农业增长方式的转变是根本的出路所在。农业产业化是在市场经济条件下充分利用当地资源，从发展具有某种优势的… 相似文献
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近年来，丹阳市的农村经济取得了较快发展，农民对农业生产和生活质量的要求越来越高，从而把实现农业和农村现代化推到了一个突出的位置。市委、市政府领导十分重视农机化工作，年初专门召开了农机化暨插秧机推广工作会议，确定了农机化工作的目标和任务：“十五”期间，要以实现水稻生产全程机械化为重点， 相似文献
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“九五”期间，我省农机化技术推广工作紧紧围绕农业和农村经济的发展，面向农村，面向农民，大力发展优质高效农业，大力推广普及农机化新机具、新技术，为我省农业和农村经济的发展做出了重要的贡献，取得了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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对饮料中的柠檬黄含量进行了测定和不确定度分析,通过对各影响因素的不确定度评定,试验重复性对饮料中合成着色剂的测量结果不确定度的影响最大,其次是样品处理回收率和标准曲线拟合引入的不确定度对试验结果也有较大的影响。结果表明:饮料中柠檬黄的含量为（103.5?3.5）mgkg,k＝2。 相似文献
12.
Adoption of a new technology, such as irrigation, is a complex phenomenon. Several factors of economic and social nature contribute to the farm-level decisions affecting adoption. In this study, the role played by attitudes of potential adopters towards irrigation and its subsequent adoption on their farm unit was estimated. Two models were estimated, one incorporating only adopters' socio-economic characteristics, and the other, only their attitudes towards irrigation. Results suggest that adopters' attitude, particularly with respect to economic and environmental effects of irrigation, were significant determinants of their decision to proceed with adoption of irrigation, and have a role to play in adoption of irrigation over and above that explained by socio-economic characteristics. In particular, these results suggest that negative perceptions with respect to economics of irrigation and those related to its detrimental impacts on environmental quality, particularly through soil salinity, may be significant deterrents for adoption of irrigation. The study suggests that planning of large scale water development projects, particularly those involving irrigation, must be cognizant of attitudes of potential adopters. Furthermore, during the planning stages, more attention should be paid to the development of proper educational programs, as well as extension packages, to ensure that potential adopters formulate correct attitudes towards the new technology. 相似文献
13.
数学作为一门基础性学科，在学生的各个学习阶段都起到了不可替代的作用，在工科院校中数学教学的重要性更是升到了一个新的高度。通过数学的学习，可以培养学生的应用能力和探究思维，通过对数学知识的学习和灵活运用，学生的综合能力会得到系统性的提高。对于数学的教学工作，应当做到有针对性、有目标，在教学工作中，充分做到对症下药、有的放矢，让学生通过对数学的学习，提高自身的综合能力，更好地为社会建设贡献力量。 相似文献
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本试验通过沼气燃烧,提高冬季温室温度,促进西红柿生长发育.试验结果表明:增温可有效提高冬季温室温度,为西红柿越冬生产提供良好条件,有利于西红柿植株茎粗增加及果实膨大速率提高;可使西红柿坐果期提前10天左右,采收期延长20天左右,并提早上市.同时,增温可显著提高西红柿产量,亩增产800kg. 相似文献
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分析了四川简阳地区砂岩和土壤中的水分运动特性和砂岩中储存的水分对土壤水分补给量的多少。对当地的砂岩和土壤进行了水分特征曲线的测定试验、入渗试验和蒸发试验,并采用研究中常用模型对试验结果进行了拟合,通过对拟合结果的分析,得出了当地土壤和砂岩的水分特性,总结出了该地区表面土层在缺水时水分很容易被下部砂岩层补给,砂岩中的水分是作物利用的重要水资源的结论。这对于充分利用当地水资源,合理确定类似地质条件地区灌溉定额,解决无灌溉条件丘陵区作物缺水问题,实现农业节水灌溉有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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Agricultural ecosystems and their associated business and government systems are diverse and varied. They range from farms, to input supply businesses, to marketing and government policy systems, among others. These systems are dynamic and responsive to fluctuations in climate. Skill in climate prediction offers considerable opportunities to managers via its potential to realise system improvements (i.e. increased food production and profit and/or reduced risks). Realising these opportunities, however, is not straightforward as the forecasting skill is imperfect and approaches to applying the existing skill to management issues have not been developed and tested extensively. While there has been much written about impacts of climate variability, there has been relatively little done in relation to applying knowledge of climate predictions to modify actions ahead of likely impacts. However, a considerable body of effort in various parts of the world is now being focused on this issue of applying climate predictions to improve agricultural systems. In this paper, we outline the basis for climate prediction, with emphasis on the El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon, and catalogue experiences at field, national and global scales in applying climate predictions to agriculture. These diverse experiences are synthesised to derive general lessons about approaches to applying climate prediction in agriculture. The case studies have been selected to represent a diversity of agricultural systems and scales of operation. They also represent the on-going activities of some of the key research and development groups in this field around the world. The case studies include applications at field/farm scale to dryland cropping systems in Australia, Zimbabwe, and Argentina. This spectrum covers resource-rich and resource-poor farming with motivations ranging from profit to food security. At national and global scale we consider possible applications of climate prediction in commodity forecasting (wheat in Australia) and examine implications on global wheat trade and price associated with global consequences of climate prediction. In cataloguing these experiences we note some general lessons. Foremost is the value of an interdisciplinary systems approach in connecting disciplinary knowledge in a manner most suited to decision-makers. This approach often includes scenario analysis based on simulation with credible models as a key aspect of the learning process. Interaction among researchers, analysts and decision-makers is vital in the development of effective applications — all of the players learn. Issues associated with balance between information demand and supply as well as appreciation of awareness limitations of decision-makers, analysts, and scientists are highlighted. It is argued that understanding and communicating decision risks is one of the keys to successful applications of climate prediction. We consider that advances of the future will be made by better connecting agricultural scientists and practitioners with the science of climate prediction. Professions involved in decision making must take a proactive role in the development of climate forecasts if the design and use of climate predictions are to reach their full potential. 相似文献
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Pesticides degrade principally through biodegradation processes, whereas antibiotics kill microorganisms or inhibit their growth in soils and thus may affect the fate of pesticides. In this study, the impact of antibiotics on the degradation of atrazine in a sandy soil is investigated in lysimeters over a ninety-day period. Four treatments, monensin, narasin, salinomycin and non-antibiotic, were assigned in triplicate to twelve PVC lysimeters. Both soil and leachate samples were collected and analyzed at predetermined time intervals. In all treatments, atrazine was found to leach down through the soil profiles with the concentration level decreasing with depth, and only trace amounts of atrazine were found in the leachate. However, the statistical analysis of the results showed that all the three antibiotic treatments yielded a significantly slower dissipation of the atrazine level as compared to the non-antibiotic treatment; the mass balance analysis indicated an increased half-life of atrazine in the presence of antibiotics. 相似文献
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为明确北京东南郊灌区表层土壤和农作物多氯联苯(PCBs)含量和污染水平以及人体健康风险,2015年在该灌区采集了20个土壤样品和28个作物样品,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析了样品中7大类PCBs含量。研究结果表明,灌区表层土壤PCBs质量比为ND(低于检出限)到0.711 776μg/kg,均值为0.43μg/kg,总体上土壤PCBs含量随污灌历史年限增加而增加。本研究区表层土壤PCBs含量处于较低水平,土壤未受到PCBs污染且其生态风险概率均小于10%。灌区采集的冬小麦籽粒、大葱、茄子、梨、白薯、芥蓝PCBs含量均低于实验检出限,未检出;夏玉米籽粒、菜心和油菜PCBs总量分别为0.17~0.47μg/kg、1.63μg/kg和5.91μg/kg。不同污灌历史年限并未显著影响夏玉米籽粒PCBs含量。本研究区农产品PCBs含量处于较低水平,均低于美国卫生及公共服务部建议限量。采集的土壤和农产品样品仅四氯联苯含量高于实验检出限,能检测出;一氯联苯到三氯联苯和五氯联苯到七氯联苯均低于实验检出限,未检出。本研究中成人和儿童PCBs致癌风险分别为8.49×10-7和4.66×10-7,非致癌风险分别为1.41×10-1和3.88×10-1,均低于US EPA规定限值,说明PCBs未对人群产生明显的健康危害。致癌危害和非致癌危害均以口-作物(玉米和蔬菜)为主,其对人体健康所造成的风险占总个人年风险的比例分别为99.79%~99.95%和99.81%~99.94%。 相似文献
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