共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
为了鉴定四川小麦的穗发芽抗性,筛选出能鉴定四川小麦穗发芽抗性的分子标记,检测了90份四川小麦品种(系)的发芽指数(GI)、整穗发芽率(SGR),同时利用5个分子标记(Vp1B3,Dorm-1,Mst101,Xwmc468,Xgwm282)对上述小麦材料进行PCR扩增,分析扩增片段与GI、SGR的相关性。结果表明,90份品种(系)的GI均值为20.7%,变化范围为0.1%~51.9%;SGR均值为42.7%,变化范围为0.4%~90.3%;有22份品种(系)的GI和SGR均小于10.0%。5个标记中,标记Dorm-1与穗发芽抗性不相关;标记Mst101与SGR相关显著,与GI相关不显著,能否用于穗发芽抗性筛选需进一步验证;其他3个标记(Vp1B3,Xwmc468,Xgwm282)都与穗发芽抗性相关,表明这3个分子标记均可用于四川地区小麦品种穗发芽抗性的筛选。 相似文献
2.
3.
小麦穗发芽抗性鉴定及相关分子标记的有效性验证 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为筛选出抗穗发芽小麦种质及可用于种质评价和分子标记辅助育种的高效分子标记,以41份黄淮南片区试品系和309份中外小麦品种为材料,选用4个与穗发芽抗性相关的标记,即STS标记Vp1B3和MST101、STMS标记wmc104及SSR标记Xgwm155,结合整穗发芽鉴定试验,评价筛选抗穗发芽小麦种质,同时对上述4个分子标记进行有效性验证。结果表明,标记Vp1B3和wmc104可有效用于小麦穗发芽抗性筛选,而标记Xgwm155和MST101与穗发芽抗性不相关;350份供试材料中41份国家区试材料的整穗发芽率普遍偏高,均值达到43.94%;而另外309份材料中,淮麦20、轮选987、长旱58等18份材料为高抗穗发芽品种,平均整穗发芽率为2.56%,是穗发芽抗性育种中的重要抗性资源。 相似文献
4.
穗发芽抗性相关分子标记在73个小麦品种中的有效性评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为发掘小麦抗穗发芽种质资源,并对与抗穗发芽相关的分子标记的有效性进行验证,对73个国内外小麦品种进行了穗发芽抗性鉴定,同时利用4对穗发芽抗性相关分子标记(Vp-1B3、wmc104、Xbarc170、Xgwm155)对上述品种进行PCR检测。结果表明,73个品种的穗发芽抗性差异明显,发芽指数变化范围为0.29%~88.48%,其中13个品种的发芽指数小于10%。分析发芽指数与分子标记检测结果之间的相关性表明,Vp-1B3标记与穗发芽抗性相关,wmc104、Xbarc170、Xgwm155标记与穗发芽抗性相关性不显著。烟农23、兰考181、陕农33、西农585、美105、美231、PBW550、DL788-2等8个品种为具有Vp-1Bb基因型的高抗穗发芽品种。 相似文献
5.
为鉴定小麦光温敏雄性不育系穗发芽抗性,筛选有效鉴定穗发芽的分子标记,进一步挖掘抗穗发芽种质资源,测定了88份小麦不育系的整穗发芽率(SGR),利用 Vp1B3、 Xwmc468、 TaSdr-B1、 TaPHS1-646、 TaPHS1-666和 TaMFT-721J共计6个标记对供试材料进行了基因型检测。结果表明,88份小麦雄性不育系的SGR存在不同程度差异,SGR值变化范围为3.75%～93.23%,平均为45.49%,其中有10个品系的SGR值小于10%。基因型与SGR的相关性分析表明, Vp1B3和 Xwmc468的D片段类型与SGR显著相关（P<0.05）; TaSdr-B1和 TaMFT-721J与SGR相关性不显著; TaPHS1-646与SGR显著相关（P<0.05）; TaPHS1-666的NW97S186单倍型与SGR显著相关（P<0.01）。说明 Vp1B3、 Xwmc468和 TaPHS1-646可作为小麦光温敏雄性不育系穗发芽抗性鉴定的分子标记; TaPHS1-666可作为小麦光温敏雄性不育系穗发芽抗性分子鉴定的参考标记。综合SGR和分子标记检测结果,筛选出6份具有较低SGR值的不育系种质资源,分别为BS212、BS143、BS206、BS129、BS117和BS237。 相似文献
6.
宁夏小麦种质资源穗发芽抗性鉴定及相关分子标记的有效性评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为鉴定宁夏小麦种质资源的穗发芽抗性,挖掘抗穗发芽种质资源,筛选在宁夏引黄灌区生态条件下能有效鉴定小麦穗发芽抗性的分子标记,测定了185份小麦种质资源的发芽指数(GI)、整穗发芽率(SGR),并利用5个穗发芽相关基因的KASP标记Phs646、Phs666、TaMFT、TaDAR和Vp1B1-83对参试材料进行基因型检测,分析基因型与GI、SGR的相关性。结果表明,185份小麦种质资源GI的平均值为16.74%,变化范围为0~77.35%;SGR的平均值为40.84%,变化范围为0.38%~99.69%;有22份种质资源的GI和SGR均小于5.0%。5个分子标记中,Phs646、Phs666与GI和SGR显著相关(P<0.01);标记Vp1B1-83与SGR显著相关(P<0.01),与GI相关不显著;TaMFT和TaDAR与GI和SGR都不相关。表明分子标记Phs646、Phs666可用于宁夏引黄灌区小麦穗发芽抗性的分子鉴定,Vp1B1-83可作为该地区穗发芽抗性分子鉴定的参考标记。结合穗发芽抗性鉴定和分子标记检测结果,筛选出冬育5号、宁春22号、Bastian、毛火麦、山麦、白秃子、白毛火麦共7份具有低GI和SGR值及较高穗发芽抗性基因频率的种质资源。 相似文献
7.
小麦分蘖成穗数相关分子标记在重组自交系（RIL）群体中的有效性验证及实用性评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了评价小麦分蘖成穗基因相关分子标记在育种中的实用性,利用多穗型小麦品种川农18和新品系T1208构建的重组自交系共计371个家系作为研究材料,通过对单位面积（m）最大分蘖数和单位面积（m）穗数的测定,并选择6个已发表的控制小麦分蘖成穗数的基因或QTL的相关分子标记（Xgwm264、Xbarc232、Xwmc169、Xwmc215、Xgwm437和Xcfd23）对群体进行PCR扩增,分析扩增产物与单位面积最大分蘖数和单位面积穗数的相关性。结果表明,在371份供试材料中,每平方米最大分蘖数的变化范围为254.00~700.67,变异系数为22.28%;每平方米穗数的变化范围为197.67~391.67,变异系数为14.12%;群体中存在明显的超亲分离现象,可作为西南麦区小麦优质育种的种质资源。分子标记检测结果与表型的相关性分析表明,分子标记Xbarc232不适合用于分蘖成穗数的筛选,分子标记Xwmc215、Xgwm437和Xcfd23仅可用于分蘖数的筛选,分子标记Xgwm264和Xwmc169可用于分蘖成穗数的筛选。 相似文献
8.
为鉴定宁夏小麦种质资源的穗发芽抗性,挖掘抗穗发芽种质资源,筛选在宁夏引黄灌区生态条件下能有效鉴定小麦穗发芽抗性的分子标记,测定了185份小麦种质资源的发芽指数（GI）、整穗发芽率（SGR）,并利用5个穗发芽相关基因的KASP标记 Phs646、 Phs666、TaMFT、TaDAR和 Vp1B1-83对参试材料进行基因型检测,分析基因型与GI、SGR的相关性。结果表明,185份小麦种质资源GI的平均值为 16.74%,变化范围为0～77.35%;SGR的平均值为40.84％,变化范围为0.38%～99.69%;有22份种质资源的GI和SGR均小于5.0％。5个分子标记中, Phs646、 Phs666与GI和SGR显著相关（P＜0.01）;标记 Vp1B1-83与SGR显著相关（P＜0.01）,与GI相关不显著;TaMFT和TaDAR与GI和SGR都不相关。表明分子标记 Phs646、 Phs666可用于宁夏引黄灌区小麦穗发芽抗性的分子鉴定, Vp1B1-83可作为该地区穗发芽抗性分子鉴定的参考标记。结合穗发芽抗性鉴定和分子标记检测结果,筛选出冬育5号、宁春22号、Bastian、毛火麦、山麦、白秃子、白毛火麦共7份具有低GI和SGR值及较高穗发芽抗性基因频率的种质资源。 相似文献
9.
小麦成熟期遭遇穗发芽会严重影响小麦的产量和品质。为了解徐州主要栽培品种的穗发芽抗性及其分子机制,用整穗发芽法、籽粒发芽法考察了5个徐州地区主要推广小麦品种的籽粒休眠和发芽特性,并用10个分子标记对其穗发芽性状进行解析。结果表明,供试品种间整穗发芽率、发芽率和萌发指数均存在不显著、显著或极显著差异。徐农029的整穗发芽率最低,为3.02%,烟农19的整穗发芽率最高,达68.80%。徐农029的发芽率和萌发指数分别为41.00%和21.43%,均极显著低于其父本矮抗58(71.67%、53.10%)和母本淮麦20(89.67%、61.00%),周麦18和烟农19的发芽率均为99.33%,而烟农19的萌发指数(83.95%)高于周麦18的萌发指数(81.43%)。分子标记检测发现,徐农029和淮麦20属于Vp1Bc型抗穗发芽; Xgwm282标记在5个品种中呈2种带型,与穗发芽抗性关系密切。另外,8个抗穗发芽相关分子标记不能很好区分上述5个品种的抗穗发芽特性。 相似文献
10.
白皮小麦皮薄且胚乳相对含量及出粉率高,较红皮小麦更受农户和企业青睐,但也更易发生穗发芽。为了给抗穗发芽机理研究及抗性育种提供参考,本研究首先在7个不同环境条件下对来自世界主要小麦产区的502个白皮小麦材料进行穗发芽抗性鉴定和评价,然后对白皮小麦穗发芽抗性进行位点关联分析。穗发芽抗性鉴定结果表明,502个白皮小麦材料中,仅1.39%的材料平均发芽率小于40%,其中Osiris（埃及）、Vilmorin 29（法国）、Miana（法国）、Kanto 107（日本）、Darwin（德国）、Magnif MG（阿根廷）和Benefactress（英国）具有在多个环境下稳定的穗发芽抗性。利用与小麦穗发芽抗性紧密连锁的236对标记筛选到202个多样性位点,依据遗传结构将白皮小麦群体分为3类（K=3）时,分别有40.92%、30.03%和29.04%的材料分在三个亚群中,当K=6时群体结构趋于稳定,同时发现,非洲的材料群体结构单一,而来自其他地区的材料遗传结构更复杂。结合穗发芽表型与K=3~6时的遗传结构数据对具有代表性的303个白皮小麦材料进行关联分析,通过平均值与各环境值分别关联到4个与15个在白皮小麦群体中与穗发芽抗性相关的等位变异位点。其中, Xwmc24.2-1A、 Xcfd44.1-2D、 Xbarc321.2-3A、 Xgwm397.1-4A和 Xwmc75.1-5B能够在不同环境中关联到,为较稳定的白皮小麦抗穗发芽位点。 相似文献
11.
Guoquan Zhu 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(2):107-112
Poly(n-butyl methacrylate)/poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer networks were synthesized by two-step emulsion polymerization with
sodium dodecylsulfonate and polyoxyethylene nonylphenolether as the emulsifier, distilled water as the continuous medium,
and potassium persulfate as the initiator. The kinetics of two-step emulsion polymerization was studied. Effects of emulsifier
concentration, initiator concentration, and polymerization temperature on monomer conversion and polymerization rate were
investigated in detail. Experimental data indicate that both the steady state polymerization rate and monomer conversion increase
with the augment of emulsifier concentration, initiator concentration, or reaction temperature. 相似文献
12.
为给小麦优质栽培提供理论依据,以强筋小麦品种藁优8901和中筋小麦品种泰农18为材料,研究了高（HD,24×105·hm-2）、中（MD,18×105·hm-2）、低（LD,12×105·hm-2）3个种植密度对小麦籽粒高分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMW GS）含量和谷蛋白大聚合体（GMP）形成的影响。结果表明,在不同种植密度下,藁优8901的GMP含量表现为MD＞HD＞LD,而泰农18则表现为MD＞LD＞HD,均以MD的最高。不同密度条件下藁优8901籽粒的总HMW GS含量均高于泰农18,表明强筋小麦具有较强的谷蛋白积累能力。2个品种籽粒的单个HMW GS含量对不同种植密度的响应不同,但都以MD的最高,种植密度过高、过低均不利于小麦籽粒HMW GS含量的提高。GMP的粒度分析表明,MD处理提高了2个品种籽粒GMP大颗粒（粒径＞100 μm）体积百分比,说明中等种植密度有利于大粒径GMP颗粒的形成。 相似文献
13.
14.
Wang MY Anderson G Nowicki D Jensen J 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(3):141-145
Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) has been used throughout the Pacific, Southeast Asia, Central America, and the Caribbean for a variety of health conditions, including heart and liver ailments. In this study, we examined the hepatoprotective effects of TAHITIAN NONI Juice (TNJ) against CCl(4)-induced chronic liver damage in female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Twelve female SD rats were divided into control, placebo and TNJ (6 mL/rat/day) groups. On day 15, animals in the placebo and TNJ groups received 0.25 mL/kg CCl(4) in corn oil once a week for 12 successive weeks. All animals were sacrificed at week 16. Blood and liver were collected for liver function, lipid panel tests, and histological observation. Histopathological examination revealed that liver sections from the TNJ + CCl(4) appeared similar to controls, whereas typical hepatic steatosis was observed in the placebo + CCl(4) group. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels were increased in the placebo group compared with the TNJ group. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was increased in the TNJ group and decreased in the placebo group. Thus, TNJ juice appears to protect the liver from chronic exogenous CCl(4) exposures. Such protective mechanisms are supportive evidence for the utility of noni in traditional medicine for liver ailments. 相似文献
15.
为了明确大粒小麦的灌浆特性,以豫农9901/周麦16重组自交系群体中籽粒大小基本一致而饱满度和粒重具有较大差异的11个半冬性品系为试验材料,以周麦18为对照,分析了籽粒灌浆特性及阶段性灌浆参数与粒重的关系.结果表明,籽粒灌浆呈“慢-快-慢”的变化规律,可以用logistic曲线方程拟合其增长趋势;粒重较高的品系W02、W03与对照周麦18具有相似的灌浆特性,其他品系的籽粒灌浆特性与对照周麦18有明显差异,表现在前期灌浆速率高于周麦18且增速较快,后期则明显低于周麦18且下降的幅度较大;在三个灌浆阶段参数中,缓增期灌浆速率、渐增期和快增期持续时间明显低于周麦18,而缓增期持续时间明显长于周麦18.通径分析表明,阶段灌装参数中对粒重直接作用最大的是快增期持续时间,其次是缓增期持续时间,但是缓增期持续时间对粒重的直接正向效应被其较大的负向间接效应所掩盖;快增期和缓增期灌浆速率对粒重的间接效应明显大于直接效应. 相似文献
16.
PLA/LPCL/HPCL blends composed of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone) (LPCL), and high molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone) (HPCL) were prepared by melt blending for bioabsorbable filament sutures. The effects of blend composition
and blending time on the ester interchange reaction by alcoholysis in the PLA/LPCL/HPCL blends were studied. Their thermal
properties and the miscibility due to the ester interchange reaction were investigated by1H-NMR, DSC, X-ray, and UTM analyses. The hydroxyl group contents of LPCL in the blends decreased by the ester interchange
reaction due to alcoholysis. Thus, the copolymer was formed by the ester interchange reaction at 220 °C for 30–60 minutes.
The thermal properties of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blends such as melting temperature and heat of fusion decreased with increasing ester
interchange reaction levels. However, the miscibility among the three polymers was improved greatly by ester interchange reaction.
Tensile strength and modulus of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers increased with increasing HPCL content, while the elongation at
break of the blend fibers increased with increasing LPCL content. 相似文献
17.
V. H. Mulimani S. Vadiraj 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1993,44(3):221-226
There was no appreciable change in proteinase inhibitory activity in sorghum upon dry heat treatment. However, moist heating reduced trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors to a greater degree. Germination (5 days) brought about complete reduction in proteinase inhibitory activity. 相似文献
18.
J.E. Cairns O.S. Namuco R.Torres F.A. Simborio B. Courtois G.A. Aquino D.E. Johnson 《Field Crops Research》2009,113(3):207-217
Early vigour is an important characteristic for direct-seeded rice systems. The genetic control of early vigour was studied using a population of 129 backcross lines derived from a cross between Vandana, an improved indica, and Moroberekan, a traditional japonica. Screening was conducted under controlled conditions in greenhouse and field conditions, and indicators of early vigour, including shoot length, shoot biomass, leaf area, number of roots, root biomass, partitioning coefficients, and growth rates, were measured. Phenotypic correlations suggested that traits that were related and combined could be used to define early vigour. Broad-sense heritability ranged from moderate to high. Many regions were identified containing more than one QTL, suggesting that these traits were controlled by pleiotropic and/or closely linked QTLs. Many QTLs were specific to one environment but G × E interaction analysis showed that the main effects of the environment were large. Differences in temperature between experiments resulted in large differences in seedling age when expressed in thermal time. Different genes (QTLs) may be expected to control growth at different time intervals and thus may partly explain the limited agreement between experiments. However, several regions showed co-location of QTLs from more than one experiment. Comparisons with published studies revealed that these regions were previously identified in different genetic backgrounds and could potentially be used as introgression targets in a marker-assisted breeding program to improve germplasm for direct-seeded environments. 相似文献
19.
小麦条锈菌效应蛋白Hasp58抑制植物免疫的功能分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确小麦条锈菌吸器特异表达效应蛋白Hasp58抑制植物免疫的功能,利用PCR获得Hasp58的全长cDNA序列;借助生物信息学软件预测Hasp58的信号肽;将Hasp58构建到pGR106载体用于农杆菌（Agrobactrium tumefacien）介导的烟草瞬时表达系统,明确Hasp58抑制细胞坏死的毒性功能;将Hasp58构建到pCambia1302载体用于烟草细胞定位,明确Hasp58定位情况;将Hasp58构建到pEDV6载体用于荧光假单胞杆菌（Pseudomonas fluorescens）介导的小麦瞬时表达系统,对小麦胼胝质、过敏性坏死面积、活性氧、菌丝面积、菌丝长度进行统计分析,明确Hasp58抑制寄主植物PAMPs引发的免疫反应（PTI）和效应蛋白诱导的免疫反应（ETI）功能。结果表明,条锈菌Hasp58的cDNA全长为1 026 bp,编码342个氨基酸,N端含26_aa的信号肽;通过农杆菌侵染,在烟草中瞬时表达Hasp58,发现其能够抑制由BAX诱导的细胞坏死,为条锈菌的候选效应蛋白;烟草细胞定位发现,含有信号肽和缺失信号肽的Hasp58与GFP融合表达均定位在细胞质,推测该效应蛋白在胞质作用;利用细菌的三型分泌系统在小麦中瞬时表达Hasp58,发现其能够抑制荧光假单胞杆菌引起的胼胝质积累,导致由无毒性条锈菌小种CYR23引起的小麦过敏性坏死面积和活性氧减少,使菌丝面积和长度增加。推测小麦条锈菌效应蛋白Hasp58可抑制寄主植物的PAMPs引发的免疫反应（PTI）和效应蛋白诱导的免疫反应（ETI）,并促进自身侵染。 相似文献
20.
K. L. Ahuja S. K. Batta R. K. Raheja K. S. Labana M. L. Gupta 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(2):155-160
Seeds of sixty four genotypes ofBrassica campestris L. (Toria) were analyzed for oil content and fatty acid composition. Oil content varied from 38.9% to 44.6%. Major fatty acids viz. oleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicosenoic and erucic acids exhibited ranges from 10.1% to 17.3%, 5.9% to 14.5%, 5.2% to 15.0%, 7.7% to 13.7% and 39.6% to 59.9%, respectively. Compared to the standard cultivar ITSA, four genotypes contained 5 to 8% lower content of erucic acid; and six genotypes contained significantly higher content of linoleic acid. Oil was positively correlated with erucic acid. The observed inverse relationship between linoleic and erucic acid contents might be utilized in breeding nutritionally better Toria cultivars with both high linoleic and low erucic acid contents. 相似文献