共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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为研究低磷胁迫对西瓜幼苗生长的影响,在对照和低磷条件下比较了6个西瓜品种(‘华冠’、‘陕农9号’、‘西农8号’、‘M08’、‘农科大5号’、‘千普先锋’)苗期性状指标。结果表明:低磷胁迫对西瓜植株高度和根系生长的影响不同,低磷诱导根系伸长,供试的6个西瓜品种在低磷条件下的主根长度与对照相比差异均达到显著水平;但对地上部分则表现抑制作用,植株高度显著降低;低磷胁迫下6个西瓜品种叶片SOD活性和POD活性显著升高,脯氨酸含量显著升高,但可溶性蛋白含量显著降低,叶绿素含量显著降低,类胡萝卜素含量显著降低。6个供试西瓜品种中,‘陕农9号’对低磷胁迫最为敏感,而‘农科大5号’的耐低磷性相对较强。 相似文献
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以薄皮甜瓜‘玉美人’为试材,采用气雾法根际CO2自动控制系统,研究了6种不同的根际CO2浓度（0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%和1.2%,其中以0.2%的常规根际CO2浓度为对照）下薄皮甜瓜根系生长指标和根系内生长素（IAA）、细胞分裂素（CTK）、赤霉素（GA）和脱落酸（ABA）含量的变化,以期为深入研究根际高CO2下植株生长的内在机制提供参考依据。结果表明：随着CO2浓度升高和处理时间的延长,薄皮甜瓜根系生长指标和促进生长型激素（IAA、CTK和GA）的含量均表现先增加后下降的变化趋势。CO2处理前6 d,根长、根系表面积、总根尖数、根系平均直径、根系活力、IAA、CTK和GA的含量均显著高于对照,且浓度越高,增加的幅度越大。处理9 d后,根系生长受到不同程度的抑制,IAA、CTK和GA含量随CO2浓度的升高而下降,而ABA含量逐渐增加。根际CO2浓度不同,激素达到峰值的时间不同,CO 相似文献
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为探索丛枝菌根真菌对芹菜植株生长发育的影响,以摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae,Gm)、地表球囊霉(Glomus versiforme,Gv)和根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices,Gi)为供试AM真菌,以"金口"芹菜为试材,研究了3种AM真菌对"金口"芹菜根系的侵染率、根系活力、生长和品质的影响。结果表明:不同AM真菌对芹菜根系的侵染率不同,Gm真菌的侵染率显著高于Gv和Gi。接种AM真菌均可显著提高芹菜根系活力。接种AM真菌的芹菜株高、根长、地上部和根鲜重、干重均显著高于对照,其中接种Gm处理最优。接种AM真菌的植株根/冠比均显著低于对照。接种3种AM真菌均可显著提高芹菜叶片叶绿素和叶柄维生素C含量,其中接种Gm真菌的芹菜含量最高;接种AM真菌的芹菜叶柄纤维素、硝态氮含量显著降低,降低幅度为GmGvGi。可见,Gm真菌为适于"金口"芹菜生长并改善品质的优良菌种。 相似文献
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VA菌根对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用盆栽法研究了摩西球囊霉(GM)和地表球囊霉(GV)两种VA菌根对黄瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。研究结果表明,GM和GV两种菌根均能提高黄瓜幼苗的叶面积、茎粗和根长;GM菌根降低黄瓜幼苗的株高,而GV能提高黄瓜株高。接种VA菌根的黄瓜幼苗叶绿素含量和根系活力均高于未接种的对照。不同浓度的菌根对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响不同,以接种20g的效果最好。 相似文献
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摩西球囊霉对芦笋幼苗生长和矿质营养吸收的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
摩西球囊霉（Glomus mosseae,GM）是球囊霉属丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi,AMF）,具有对环境适应力强、应用范围广的特点。为探明摩西球囊霉对芦笋育苗的应用效果,采用营养钵育苗播种对芦笋进行GM接种处理,研究GM对芦笋幼苗生长、菌根侵染及矿质营养吸收的影响。结果表明：接种GM后芦笋幼苗生物量显著提高,植株根系具有较高的菌根依赖性。GM对芦笋幼苗根系的侵染呈现“S”形变化趋势,播种10周后,GM对芦笋幼苗根系达到较高程度的侵染,且GM菌根苗的根系活力和叶绿素含量与不接种对照相比显著提高。接种GM显著促进了植株对矿质元素特别是P的吸收,其次为Mg。接种GM培育菌根苗的技术应用于芦笋栽培可以培育壮苗,缩短苗期,节省肥料,提高养分利用率。 相似文献
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外源硝态氮提高淹水甜樱桃根系糖含量及蔗糖相关酶活性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以‘大青叶’（Prunus pseudocerasus var. Daqingye）嫁接甜樱桃‘岱红’(P. avium. ‘Daihong’) 为试材,研究了淹水条件下外源硝态氮对甜樱桃根系蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉含量及蔗糖合酶（SS）合成和分解、蔗糖中性转化酶（NI）、蔗糖酸性转化酶（AI）活性的影响。结果表明,淹水过程中处理与对照根系蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉含量均呈先升后降趋势;与对照相比,外源NO3-提高了根系中蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉的含量,蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉达到最大值时,处理比对照分别高18.02%、21.97%、25.27%和11.41%。淹水过程中根系SS分解活性呈先升后降趋势,而SS合成活性、NI和AI活性呈下降趋势;加NO3-后,4种酶活性均高于对照。这些结果表明,淹水条件下外源NO3-可通过调控根系的糖代谢而增强甜樱桃耐低氧能力。 相似文献
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研究了BTH处理和蔓枯病病原菌接种对甜瓜抗蔓枯病相关的POD和PPO的影响,结果表明,BTH处理能有效提高不同甜瓜品种对蔓枯病的抗性.BTH处理第1、2和4天,抗蔓枯病品系‘PI420145’和蔓枯病感病品种‘伊丽莎白’的第3叶和第5叶的POD和PPO酶活性均高于对照;BTH和蔓枯病病原共同处理第1、3、5、7天,‘PI420145’和‘伊丽莎白’的第3叶和第5叶的POD和PPO酶活性高于蔓枯病病原菌处理;所有的处理中‘PI420145’的POD和PPO的酶活性均高于‘伊丽莎白’.表明POD和PPO酶活性与甜瓜对蔓枯病的抗性呈正相关. 相似文献
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以甜瓜抗白粉病品种‘银帝’和感白粉病品种‘卡拉克赛’为材料,研究诱导抗性处理对其叶片酚类物质代谢的影响及其与抗病性的关系。结果表明：苯丙噻重氮（BTH）和水杨酸（SA）处理以及接种白粉菌均可显著诱导甜瓜叶片苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性和绿原酸、总酚、类黄酮含量升高,但纳米硅（SiO2）诱导无效。经诱导和接菌后,甜瓜抗病品种叶片PAL、POD、PPO活性和总酚、绿原酸、类黄酮含量高于感病品种。BTH和SA诱导甜瓜抗病性增强的原因之一是提高了叶片次生代谢相关酶的活性,增加了叶组织次生代谢物质的含量。 相似文献
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《果树学报》2016,(Z1)
【目的】梨树是受菌根影响的果树之一,试验筛选出对川梨侵染效应的最佳接种时期和菌根依赖性较高的菌根真菌,研究接种菌根真菌对梨根系活力及发育的影响。【方法】试验采用川梨(Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham.)种子为材料,盆栽条件下,分别在萌芽期、幼苗3叶期、5叶期和7叶期,接种丛枝菌根真菌根内球囊霉Glomus intraradices(GI)、摩西球囊霉Glomus mosseae(GM)和地表球囊霉Glomus versiforme(GV)。【结果】试验所采用的3种丛枝菌根真菌均能有效地侵染川梨实生苗,接种GI的菌根侵染率显著高于接种GM和GV,菌根的形成对根系最长侧根长、一级新根数量和根体积都有明显提高,最大分别提高了16.3%、6.0%和13.9%,接种菌根真菌显著地提高川梨根系活力,增加根可溶性蛋白含量。【结论】接种GI的菌根效应最佳,是川梨菌根依赖性较高的菌根真菌,幼苗5叶期接种的菌根侵染效应显著高于其他接种时期,为菌根化苗木繁育技术提供技术依据。 相似文献
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丛枝菌根真菌对水分胁迫下枇杷实生苗生长和养分吸收的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以‘早钟6号’枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.‘Zaozhong 6’）实生苗为试材,研究了3种水分梯度（正常供水、轻度水分胁迫和重度水分胁迫）下,分别接种3种丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM）真菌（光壁无梗囊霉Acaulospora laevis、摩西球囊霉Glomus mosseae和苏格兰球囊霉Glomus caledonium）对实生苗生长和养分吸收的影响。结果表明,接种AM真菌的植株具有更高的地上部和地下部干质量;3种AM真菌均可增加枇杷苗氮、钾、磷、钙、镁、铜的吸收。说明接种AM真菌增强了枇杷苗的养分吸收能力,提高了其抗旱性,促进了枇杷苗生长。在3种AM真菌中苏格兰球囊霉是枇杷苗的优势菌种。 相似文献
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丛枝菌根真菌对重茬草莓产量和品质的影响 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：20
于日光温室条件下,研究了丛枝菌根真菌Glomusmosseae(Nicol.&Gerd.)Gerd.&Trappe,GlomusintraradicesSchenck&Smith和Glomusversiforme(Karsten)Berch对重茬土壤中草莓生长、结实和品质的影响。结果表明,供试真菌在同一时期的侵染率不同,同一菌种在不同时期侵染率有较大区别;无论土壤消毒与否,它们均可促进草莓的生长发育,提早开花4～12d,显著提高草莓单果重、单株果数和单株产量,单株产量提高27.6%～39.5%,提早4～6d成熟,而且有利于草莓前期产量的形成。接种处理还提高了草莓果实中维生素C和糖的含量,降低了可滴定酸的含量,改善了草莓果实品质。其中以Glomusversiforme接种效应最大。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying alleviation of salt stress by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv. Zhongzha105) plants were cultivated in soil with 0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Mycorrhization alleviated salt induced reduction of root colonization, growth, leaf area, chlorophyll content, fruit fresh weight and fruit yield. The concentrations of P and K were higher in AM compared with nonAM plants grown under nonsaline and saline conditions. Na concentration was lower in AM than nonAM plants grown under nonsaline and saline conditions. AMF colonization was accompanied by an enhancement of activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in leaves of both salt-affected and control plants. In addition, inoculation with AMF caused reduction in MDA content in comparison to salinized plants, indicating lower oxidative damage in the colonized plants. 相似文献
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AM真菌对不同栽培基质甜椒生长及产量品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
以甜椒为材料,研究了菌根真菌对普通土壤和富有机质土壤不同栽培方式下甜椒生长发育、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,AM真菌显著提高了甜椒的根系活力,促进了根系中须根的萌发和生长;接菌处理还显著提高了甜椒叶片的叶绿素含量和光合速率,富有机质土壤的促生作用更明显;接菌处理使甜椒的产量有了明显的提高,与对照相比达到了显著差异;接菌处理对甜椒的品质也有很好的改善作用,表现为硝酸盐含量下降和总糖、VC、粗蛋白含量增加,因此菌根苗在富有机质土壤栽培下应用效果更好。 相似文献
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The present study investigates the performance of mango seedlings screened with indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and Azotobacter chroococcum strains under solarized, chemical sterilized and natural soil conditions. Two isolates each of AM fungi namely, Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter sensu Gerdemann) and Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.), and two strains of A. chroococcum viz., A. chroococcum strain-I (AZ1) and A. chroococcum strain-II (AZ2) were inoculated at nursery stage under four different moisture conservation practices viz., black polyethylene mulch and organic mulches (grass mulch, cover crops, green manure) and clean cultivation. The observations on microbial population, root colonization, growth parameters and leaf nutrient content of the seedlings were recorded. Mango seedling's inoculated with G. fasciculatum and AZ1 had increased seedling's height, diameter, leaf area and total root length, microbial consortium of the rhizosphere soil and leaf N, P, K and Zn content in plots where solarization and black polyethylene mulching was used. The study revealed that the inoculation of mango stones and the saplings with G. fasciculatum and AZ1 under solarized black polyethylene mulched practice may be considered the best practice for raising mango nursery and maintaining soil health under rain-fed conditions of mid-hills of north-west Himalayas. 相似文献
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The effects of root colonization by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith on growth, flower and fruit production, and fruit quality were studied in field-grown tomato plants exposed to varying intensities of drought stress. Inoculated (M+) and non-inoculated (M−) tomato seedlings were exposed to varying intensities of drought stress by adjusting irrigation intervals. Mycorrhizal plants had significantly higher uptake of N and P in both roots and shoots regardless of intensities of drought stress. AM inoculation also significantly increased shoot dry matter and the number of flowers and fruits. The fruit yields of M+ plants under severe, moderate, mild drought-stressed conditions were higher than M− plants by 24.7%, 23.1%, 16.2% and 12.3%, respectively. Furthermore, M+ plants produced tomato fruits that contain significantly higher quantities of ascorbic acid and total soluble solids (TSS) than M− plants. Mycorrhizal effects increased with increasing intensity of drought. The overall results suggest that mycorrhizal colonization affects host plant nutritional status, water stratus and growth under field conditions and thereby alters reproductive behaviour, fruit production and quality of fruits under both well-watered and drought-stressed conditions. 相似文献
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Protected horticultural crops as well as those planted in open fields particularly in the Mediterranean region have to cope with increasing salinization of irrigation water. High salinity of the supply water has detrimental effects on soil fertility and plant nutrition and reduces crop growth and yield. This study was conducted to determine if pre-inoculation of transplants with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi alleviates salt effects on growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Cv. Marriha) when irrigated with saline water. Tomato seeds were sown in polystyrene trays with 20 cm3 cells and treated with AM fungi (AM) or without (nonAM) Glomus mosseae. Once the seedlings were reached appropriate size, they were transplanted into nonsterile soil in concrete blocks (1.6 m × 3 m × 0.75 m) under greenhouse conditions. The soil electrical conductivity (ECe) was 1.4 dS m−1. Plants were irrigated with nonsaline water (ECw = 0.5 dS m−1) or saline water (ECw = 2.4 dS m−1) until harvest. These treatments resulted with soil EC at harvest 1.7 and 4.4 dS m−1 for nonsaline and saline water treatments, respectively. Root colonization with AM fungi at flowering was lower under saline than nonsaline conditions. Pre-inoculated tomato plants with AM fungi irrigated with both saline and nonsaline water had greater shoot and root dry matter (DM) yield and fruit fresh yield than nonAM plants. The enhancement in fruit fresh yield due to AM fungi inoculation was 29% under nonsaline and 60% under saline water conditions. Shoot contents of P, K, Zn, Cu, and Fe were higher in AM compared with nonAM plants grown under nonsaline and saline water conditions. Shoot Na concentrations were lower in AM than nonAM plants grown under saline water conditions. Results indicate that pre-inoculation of tomato transplants with AM fungi improved yield and can help alleviate deleterious effects of salt stress on crop yield. 相似文献