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1.
烟草黑胫病菌培养特性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了云南烟草黑胫病菌在不同培养基、不同温度的生长情况及不同菌龄与不同诱导时间孢子囊的产生数量。结果表明,菌株在8种供试培养基中,以燕麦培养基和选择性培养基上菌落生长最好,其次为胡萝卜培养基,在番茄汁和马铃薯培养基上生长最差。同一菌株在不同培养基上产孢量不同、产生的孢子囊大小亦有所不同。05P226菌株在玉米培养基上产孢量最高;05P55菌株在燕麦培养基上产孢量最高,在番茄汁培养基上产生的孢子囊最大,而05P62菌株在燕麦培养基上产孢量最高,在烟叶汁培养基上产生的孢子囊最大。在30℃菌丝生长速率最高,其次为28℃,以35℃生长最差。供试3个菌株间生长差异显著,以05P226生长最好,05P55菌株次之,05P62生长最差。05P226、05P55菌株皆以培养14d、诱导72h产孢量最高,最适宜试验中产孢培养。 相似文献
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浙江省芦笋茎枯病病原菌生物学特性的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
浙江各地发生的芦笋茎枯病，其病原菌为Ｐｈｏｍｏｐｓｉｓａｓｐａｒａｇｉ（Ｓａｃｃ．）Ｂｕｂｋ，但存在培养性状类型不同的菌株。经测定菌落扩展最适温度，绝大多数菌株为２５℃、少数菌株为３０℃；在ＰＤＡ培养基，菌株间的菌落扩展快慢与早期分生孢子器形成数量呈负相关趋势。菌落扩展慢的ＰＡ一１菌株，在３０℃培养条件下的ｐＨ５、ｐＨ６和ｏＨ８的ＰＤＡ培养基，易发生扇形角变。该病菌在偏酸性ＰＤＡ培养基、ＯＡ培养基和ＰＤＡＡｓｐ（２０％）培养基，有促进该病菌培养早期的分生孢子器形成。 相似文献
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黑龙江省马铃薯早疫病菌生物学特性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
[目的]明确黑龙江省马铃薯早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)生物学特性的多样性.[方法]通过平板培养研究分离自黑龙江省马铃薯早疫病菌菌株的生物学特性.[结果]各分离株在PDA培养基上菌落生长速度、颜色、形态、成带现象等差异较大.其中的5个代表性供试菌株在PDA、CMA、OA培养基上生长较好,均能在10～35℃生长,但最适温度有一定的差异;供试菌株均能在pH 4～10的条件下生长,最适pH为6～8;光照对各分离株菌落生长有促进作用,各菌株对pH、光的反应不完全一致.[结论]说明黑龙江省马铃薯早疫病菌的生物学特性具有明显的遗传多样性. 相似文献
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云南省马铃薯晚疫病菌交配型及生物学特性研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
作者对1998~2000年间采自云南省13个县、23个地点的马铃薯晚疫病菌的交配型、菌落形态、燕麦培养基上生长情况、生长速度和产孢量进行了测定。结果显示,采自云南13个县、23个地点的共157个菌株全部为A1交配型,表明云南马铃薯主产区的晚疫病菌以A1交配型为主,同时,被测的代表菌株在生长速度和产孢量上存在显著差异,表明这一地区的晚疫病菌种群内存在丰富的遗传多样性。此外,结果还显示,晚疫病菌菌株在燕麦培养基上的生长情况与其菌落形态和交配型不相关。 相似文献
6.
苜蓿假盘菌及其生物学特性研究 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15
研究了苜蓿假盘菌及其生物学特性 ,用常规方法分离培养苜蓿假盘菌较困难 ,试验应用离心稀释分离法获得纯菌株。培养基为V-8碳酸钙琼脂培养基 ,适宜子囊孢子萌发和菌落生长的pH为 3～8和 4～6(最适为5)。在人工培养基上病菌生长缓慢 ,生长 40d的菌落直径只有 2.5～3.5mm ,在培养基上经过20d后才能形成成熟的子囊盘。苜蓿假盘菌子囊孢子萌发温度为 6～25℃ ,最适温度为 15～20℃。芽管生长温度为 10～30℃ ,最适温度为20℃。不同菌株间致病力存在显著差异(p<0.05)。 相似文献
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从安徽省宣城市麻姑山林场采集到自然罹病的德国小蠊僵虫，通过分离纯化获得一株绿僵菌RCEF6416，采用显微形态和分子生物学相结合方法将该菌株鉴定为贵州绿僵菌。本试验研究了在不同培养基、盐浓度、pH以及高温胁迫等条件下，该菌株的培养特征及产孢能力，以期为世界性卫生害虫德国小蠊的生物防治提供种质资源和理论依据。结果表明：该菌株在PPDA培养基上的生长速度较快，菌落直径平均日增量为4.94 mm/d，但在PDA培养基上产孢量最大，为5.1×107孢子/cm2；在一定范围内，随着盐浓度增加菌落直径日增量增加，但是产孢量逐渐下降，且菌落逐渐产生白色菌丝圈；当pH为8时，菌株生长速度最快，产孢量最大；高温对菌株孢子萌发率影响很大，当水浴温度为45℃处理4 h后，其孢子萌发率仅为2.6%。 相似文献
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本文报道了二十多株Steinernema和Heterorhabditis线虫共生细菌在指示培养基上的菌落形态、菌体形态的多样性及菌株的色素与抗菌特性。试验发现菌株出现树枝状菌落,折光性内含物及粒状菌体(比正常菌体小1/4至1/8)的现象,在各菌株中有很大的不同。所有试验菌株都可出现树枝状菌落,但非所有菌株都可见折光性内含物和粒状菌体。实验还观察到H06及CB2B菌株在肉汤培养基中所产生的色素颜色随pH值而变化,但G12及ED/1的色素对酸碱度的变化不敏感,表明菌株产生的色素物质是不同的。直接比较Xenorhaadus菌株之间的抗菌活动显示各菌株间具拮抗作用。菌株产生的抗菌物质是不同的,抗菌物的产生可能与菌株的培养条件有关。 相似文献
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在含0.005%氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)的酪蛋白氨基酸-蛋白胨-葡萄糖(CPG)平板上,胡萝卜软腐欧氏杆菌苗落变异型菌株(简称EccM)生长差、菌落既小且白、而普通野生型菌株(Eccw)则为红而又大的菌落。
EccM的苗落特征与下列因素有关:①当以葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖或其它相关的糖类为碳源时,EccM菌株产生的酸特别多,若培养基中加入碳酸钙、菌落周围可形成酸溶的透明圈;②CPG培养基的缓冲力很弱,只有KingsB的1/8-1/10,EccM生长后、培养基pH很快降到5.5以下,这是生长的pH下限值;③在pH<6时,菌体脱氢酶活性受到强烈抑制,还原TTC的能力明显减弱。
上述因素共同作用就使EccM在TTC平板上生长差,颜色白,与EccW很容易区别开。 相似文献
EccM的苗落特征与下列因素有关:①当以葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖或其它相关的糖类为碳源时,EccM菌株产生的酸特别多,若培养基中加入碳酸钙、菌落周围可形成酸溶的透明圈;②CPG培养基的缓冲力很弱,只有KingsB的1/8-1/10,EccM生长后、培养基pH很快降到5.5以下,这是生长的pH下限值;③在pH<6时,菌体脱氢酶活性受到强烈抑制,还原TTC的能力明显减弱。
上述因素共同作用就使EccM在TTC平板上生长差,颜色白,与EccW很容易区别开。 相似文献
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在含0.005%氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)的酪蛋白氨基酸—蛋白胨—葡萄糖(CPG)平板上,胡萝卜软腐欧氏杆菌苗落变异型菌株(简称EccM)生长差、菌落既小且白、而普通野生型菌株(Eccw)则为红而又大的菌落。EccM的苗落特征与下列因素有关:①当以葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖或其它相关的糖类为碳源时,EccM菌株产生的酸特别多,若培养基中加入碳酸钙、菌落周围可形成酸溶的透明圈;②CPG培养基的缓冲力很弱,只有KingsB的1/8—1/10,EccM生长后、培养基pH很快降到5.5以下,这是生长的pH下限值;③在pH<6时,菌体脱氢酶活性受到强烈抑制,还原TTC的能力明显减弱。上述因素共同作用就使EccM在TTC平板上生长差,颜色白,与EccW很容易区别开。 相似文献
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从进境的美国大豆豆秆样品中分离到2株疑似大豆茎褐腐病菌Phialophora gregata的分离物247-8和8300-5,2株分离物在PGM培养基上菌落圆形,边缘规则,白色至暗褐色,表面隆起,粗糙,轮纹状。分生孢子卵形至椭圆形,无色,平滑,单胞,平均大小4.3 μm×1.9 μm。分生孢子梗具有瓶梗状结构,无色,无隔膜或有隔膜,大小(5~16)μm×(2~3) μm,呈桶型或长颈瓶型。特异性引物BSRIGS1/2、BSR1/2和Pgl/4分别扩增分离物247-8的DNA得到预期1 022 bp、483 bp和499 bp的产物;分离物8300-5的DNA经PCR扩增分别得到834 bp、483 bp和499 bp的预期条带。2株分离物的ITS区序列完全一致,与GenBank中大豆茎褐腐病菌(登录号AB190396、DQ459387、DQ459386和AF132804)的序列相似性为100%。人工接种大豆幼嫩植株茎基部均产生大豆茎褐腐病菌的典型症状。根据分离物形态特征、PCR检测、序列分析以及致病性测试结果,将进境美国大豆样品中的分离物247-8和8300-5鉴定为大豆茎褐腐病菌P. gregata。 相似文献
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Identification of Neofabraea species causing bull's eye rot of apple in Poland and their direct detection in apple fruit using multiplex PCR 
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下载免费PDF全文 Based on partial sequence analysis of the β‐tubulin gene, 19 isolates of fungi causing bull's eye rot on apple in Poland were classified into species: Neofabraea alba, N. perennans and N. kienholzii. To the authors’ knowledge, the detection of N. kienholzii is the second in Europe and the first in Poland. Species affiliation of these fungi was confirmed by a new species‐specific multiplex PCR assay developed on the basis of previously published methods. The new protocol allowed for the specific identification of bull's eye rot‐causing species, both from pure cultures and directly from the skin of diseased or apparently healthy apples. In 550 samples of diseased fruits collected from nine cold storage rooms located in three regions of Poland, in 2011 and 2012, N. alba was detected as the predominant species causing bull's eye rot, occurring on average in 94% of the tested samples. Neofabraea perennans was found in a minority of apple samples, N. kienholzii was found only in two apple samples, while N. malicorticis was not detected in any sample tested. In tests on 120 apparently healthy fruits, only N. perennans was detected in a single sample. The results of genetic diversity analyses of bull's eye rot‐causing fungi based on the β‐tubulin gene sequence and an ISSR (inter‐simple sequence repeat) PCR assay with two primers were consistent, showing the expected segregation of tested isolates with respect to their species boundaries. However, the genetic distance between N. perennans and N. malicorticis was very low, as reported previously. 相似文献
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In recent years since 2018, the disease of tomato fruit rot has been often noted in Jiangxi province. In order to ascertain the causal agent, common tissue isolation method was used to isolate the pathogen collected from 8 counties and cities of Jiangxi province. A total of 17 isolates was obtained, which exhibited similar phenotype on V8 agar plates with production of antheridia, oogonia and oospore indicating the characteristics of Phytophthora spp.. The pathogenicity test for the isolates showed the similar disease symptoms with that in the field and the pathogen was reisolated from the infected tomato tissues, which fulfilled the Koch’s postulate. BLAST search with rDNA-ITS, partial Ypt1 and β-tubulin gene sequences for 17 isolates showed 99%-100% of identities to Phytophthora capsici that in correspond with the clustering result of phylogenetic analysis for two represented strains. Combined with morphologic characteristic observation, pathogenicity test and sequence ana-lysis, the pathogen causing tomato fruit rot was identified as Phytophthora capsici. This is the first report of P. capsici causing fruit rot on tomato in Jiangxi province, China. 相似文献
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M. López D. Ruano-Rosa C. J. López-Herrera E. Monte R. Hermosa 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,121(2):201-205
Fifty-five isolates of Rosellinia necatrix, the cause of common avocado white root rot disease, were collected from south-east Spain and characterised according to
their virulence behaviour and their molecular patterns to assess broader levels of genetic diversity. Virulence properties
were revealed by in vitro inoculation on avocado plants. Differences in reaction types showed variability among these isolates.
No sequence differences were observed when the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and ITS2 regions and DNA fragments of
the β-tubulin, adenosine triphosphatase and translation elongation factor 1 genes were explored in representive isolates from
five virulence groups. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) amplifications were also performed for each isolate using 19
random primers. Four of these primers revealed polymorphism among isolates and repetitive and discriminative bands were used
to build an unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean tree. However, RAPD clustering showed low stability, and no correlation
between RAPD and virulence groups was observed, possibly indicating high levels of sexual recombination. 相似文献
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番茄斑萎病毒Tomato spotted wilt virus （TSWV）是我国进境植物检疫性有害生物,近年来相继在国内一些省份发现。利用 TSWV 的通用引物 NF302／NR575对从山东烟台地区收集的15份疑似感染番茄斑萎病毒病的番茄样品进行检测;进一步对特异引物 TSWV-NF2037／TSWV-NR2825扩增的 TSWV 的 N 基因序列克隆、测序,并对 N 基因片段编码氨基酸进行遗传距离及系统发育分析。结果表明,15份疑似样品中有4个样品扩增得到 TSWV 病毒片段;基于 N 基因序列分析发现,山东 TSWV 番茄分离物与云南 TSWV 番茄分离物（AEI70836．1）的遗传距离最近,为0．8％,且与云南 TSWV 番茄分离物聚为一支。这是山东地区首次利用分子标记证实番茄斑萎病毒病的危害。 相似文献
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进境澳大利亚油菜籽中茎基溃疡病菌的检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
41 fungal isolates with similar morphological characteristics to Leptosphaeria maculans were obtained by the deep-freezing filter paper method from 2100 seeds of Brassica napus imported from Australia.The isolate 8129-5 showed a slower growth on PDA at 20℃with growth rate of 2.8 mm/day.The colonies on PDA at 20℃ had an irregular or regular margin with white or grayish white compact aerial mycelium.No diffusible pigment was produced on PDA at 31℃ or in liquid Czapek-Dox media at 20℃.PCR detection showed that the isolate 8129-5 could be amplified by L.maculans-specific primers LmacF/LmacR and got expected product of 331 bp.The sequence analysis revealed that the ITS sequence of isolate 8129-5 had 99.8% identity with L.maculans.Pathogenicity of the isolate 8129-5 was confirmed on cotyledons of rape seed by artificial inoculation compared with typical symptom of L.maculans.Based on the morphological characteristics, PCR detection and the result of pathogenicity test, the isolate 8129-5 was identified as L.maculans. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT A molecular marker was developed to separate and identify subspecific populations of Phialophora gregata, the causal agent of soybean brown stem rot. A variable DNA region in the intergenic spacer of the nuclear rDNA was identified. Two specific primers flanking the variable region were developed for easy identification of the genotypes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These two specific primers amplified three DNA products. The three PCR products were used to separate isolates of P. gregata into distinct genotypes: A (1,020 bp), B (830 bp), and C (660 bp). Genotype C was found in isolates obtained from Adzuki beans from Japan, whereas all 292 isolates obtained from soybean and the 8 isolates from mung bean belonged to either genotype A or B. The original nondefoliating (type II) strain ATCC 11073 (type culture of P. gregata) belonged to genotype B. The difference between genotypes A and B was due only to an 188-bp insertion or deletion; genotype C, however, differs from genotypes A and B at 58 point mutations, in addition to the length difference. Isolates of both genotypes A and B were widespread in seven Midwestern states. Genotype A was found mostly in certain susceptible soybean cultivars like Sturdy and Pioneer 9305, whereas genotype B was found predominately in brown stem rot-resistant soybean cvs. Bell, IA 3003, and Seiben SS282N. The specific primers were also used to directly detect cultivar-preferential infection by the two genotypes in infected soybean stems growing in the same field. Data from direct detection in soybean stems showed that cultivar-preferential infection by the two genotypes of P. gregata was significant. 相似文献
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广东南瓜细菌性叶枯病及其病原鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在广东省雷州市发生一种南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)叶枯病,病株叶片边缘开始出现水渍状病斑,逐步发展成大病斑,后期病斑焦枯;在叶片上也可形成近圆形水渍状病斑,伴有黄色晕圈,后期病斑联合形成不规则大枯斑;叶柄和匍匐茎被侵染后呈水渍状腐烂。从病斑上分离到一种细菌,在KB培养基上,菌落为椭圆形,乳白色,半透明,边缘参差不齐,紫外灯照射下产生荧光反应。致病性测定结果表明,该病原细菌可侵染6个南瓜品种引起与田间症状相同的叶枯病。生理生化试验结果表明,该病原细菌与丁香假单胞丁香致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae)的特性一致。应用假单胞菌属特异引物Ps-for/Ps-rev和丁香假单胞丁香致病变种组群特异性引物Group III-F/Group III-R,可从该病原细菌中扩增出预期大小分别为1 018 bp和750 bp的目的片段。应用丁香致病变种syrB基因特异性引物B1/B2,可从该病原菌中扩增出预期大小为750 bp的丁香霉素基因片段。基于16S rDNA与gyrB基因序列系统进化分析均表明,南瓜叶枯病菌株与已报道的P. syringae pv. syringae菌株HS191(CP006256)亲缘关系最近,二者聚类在一起形成一个小分支。人工接种条件下,该病原细菌还可侵染西葫芦、丝瓜、茄子、番茄、菜豆、扁豆等植物。这些结果表明,引起广东省南瓜叶枯病的病原为丁香假单胞丁香致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae)。这是首次在中国发现丁香假单胞丁香致病变种引起南瓜叶枯病。 相似文献