共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Young KL Villar D Carson TL Ierman PM Moore RA Bottoff MR 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,222(1):52-3, 35
In this report, we describe the natural intoxication of 2 dogs that consumed moldy dairy products found in the household garbage and the procedures used to identify and quantify the tremorgenic mycotoxins, roquefortine and penitrem A, in the remaining portions of ingested materials. Following the ingestion of mycotoxins, the dogs of our report developed muscle tremors or seizures that resembled clinical signs of strychnine poisoning. Roquefortine was the predominant mycotoxin in a moldy cream cheese wrapper that was found among scattered garbage consumed by the first dog. Penitrem A was the only mycotoxin detected in discarded moldy macaroni and cheese that was consumed by the second dog. Treatment of dogs with tremorgenic mycotoxin intoxication involves supportive care. Close monitoring is important because the development of aspiration pneumonia is common and has been reported as the cause of death. Clinical signs of intoxication gradually resolve within 24 to 48 hours. 相似文献
2.
3.
The combined action of proteinases/peptidases and acid phosphatases on phosphorylated proteins/peptides could be important for cheese quality. It seems that acid phosphatase activity in cheese originates from milk and microorganisms. Bovine milk contains more than one acid phosphatase, which are distributed between the cream and skim milk. The properties of two enzymes isolated from butter milk and skim milk are different. In general, acid phosphatase, especially that from starter organisms is very heat stable. The dephosphorylation of casein and phosphopeptides is of interest in cheese ripening. It has been suggested that acid phosphatases from both skim milk and lactic acid bacteria contribute to dephosphorylation of phosphopeptides in cheese, which are produced from casein by coagulant, indigenous milk proteinase and microbial proteinases during cheese ripening. 相似文献
4.
黄曲霉毒素降解菌对饲喂含AFB_1霉变玉米日粮蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究黄曲霉毒素降解剂(霉立解菌,MLJ060菌)对饲喂含黄曲霉毒素B(1AFB1)霉变玉米日粮蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。选取60周龄农大三号蛋鸡70只,随机分为7个处理,分别为基础日粮(正常玉米)组(C0)和用20%、40%、60%霉变玉米分别替代C0组中等量正常玉米的C20、C40、C60组及霉变玉米日粮中添加MLJ 060菌的E20、E40、E60组,其中霉变玉米中AFB1含量为70μg/kg,MLJ 060添加量按每千克霉变玉米添加0.4 L发酵液,试验期为21 d。结果表明:对照组C0产蛋率为75%,随着日粮中霉变玉米添加量增加,C20、C40、C60组产蛋率分别降低到65%、63.41%和49.79%,C40、C60组显著低于C0组(P<0.05);而添加MLJ060菌后的E20组产蛋率提高到74.68%,E40、E60组的产蛋率也随之提高。C60组蛋鸡日耗料量显著低于C0、C20、C40组(P<0.05),MLJ060菌的添加没有显著改善采食霉变玉米鸡的采食量(P>0.05)。随发霉玉米添加量的增加,蛋黄重下降,蛋黄色泽、蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度均显著变差(P<0.05),其中C40组蛋黄重显著低于C0组(P<0.05),E40组与对照组差异不显著;C20组的蛋黄色泽显著低于C0组,E20组与对照组接近。霉变饲料中添加黄曲霉素降解菌在一定程度上改善和缓解了黄曲霉毒素对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的不利影响。 相似文献
5.
Trends in the quality and hygiene parameters of bulk Italian Mediterranean buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk: A three year study 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Marina Pasquini Andrea Osimani Stefano Tavoletti Itzhak Moreno Francesca Clementi Maria Federica Trombetta 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(1):176-185
Buffalo milk represents an indispensable source of nourishment in many parts of the world and it is the second most consumed milk worldwide. Buffalo milk is actually used for the production of many dairy products such as pasteurized or concentrated milk, butter, yogurt, ice‐cream, dehydrated milk products and cheeses. Due to its high nutritional value and the presence of natural bioactive substances, buffalo milk can also provide health benefits to consumers. In Italy, buffalo milk is used mainly for cheese making, mozzarella PDO (Protected Designation of Origin), which is a highly valued dairy product. This 3‐year study, carried out between 2011 and 2013, was aimed at evaluating the quality of bulk Italian Mediterranean buffalo milk by monitoring physico‐chemical parameters, somatic cell and total bacterial counts. A total of 51 samples of bulk milk were collected from one herd throughout the monitored period. Analysis of variance, carried out to test month, season and year main effects, highlighted remarkable seasonal effects for fat, protein and lactose content, as well as for predicted mozzarella cheese yield, and somatic cell counts. The calculation of simple correlations allowed the identification of positive correlations between estimated cheese yield and fat and protein content. 相似文献
6.
本试验旨在研究霉变饲料和／或添加复方霉菌毒素吸附剂对肉鸡人工感染发生的影响。选取140羽1日龄健康的AA肉鸡随机分成7个组．每组4个重复。第1组为空白对照组,饲喂基础日粮;第2组饲喂霉变饲料;第3～7组以混合感染病鸡病变组织匀浆饮水制作人工感染疾病模型;第3～7组分别饲喂基础日粮、霉变饲料、霉变饲料＋复方霉菌毒素吸附剂、霉变饲料＋复方霉菌毒素吸附剂＋抗氧化剂、霉变饲料＋复方霉菌毒素吸附剂＋抗氧化剂＋中药增免剂。试验期35d。结果发现,肉鸡摄入霉变饲料与摄入正常饲料相比,提高肉鸡料重比和死淘率,显著降低肉鸡增重、胸腺指数、法氏囊指数,显著降低血清IBDV、H9N1v和NDV抗体水平（P〈0．05）。给人工感染肉鸡饲喂霉变饲料与饲喂正常饲料相比．显著提高料重比和死淘率,显著降低肉鸡增重、胸腺指数和脾脏指数,显著降低血清IFN-1、IL-2、IL-4和IL-12含量以及LTR,显著降低血清IBDV、H9N1V和NDV抗体水平（P〈0．05）。霉变饲料中添加复方霉菌毒素吸附剂能显著提高混合感染肉鸡增重,并降低料重比和死淘率（P〈0．05）,显著提高胸腺指数、法氏囊指数（P〈0．05）,显著提高血清IBDV、H9N1V和NDV抗体水平（P〈0．05）。可见,霉变饲料可导致肉鸡免疫功能抑制,加重肉鸡混合感染病情;复方霉菌毒素吸附剂能有效缓解霉变饲料对人工感染肉鸡生产性能、免疫功能和病情的不利影响,抗氧化剂和免疫功能增强剂可减轻霉变饲料的毒性作用。 相似文献
7.
将150只8日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡随机分成5个处理组,每个处理组5个重复,每次重复6只鸡。处理1组饲喂正常饲粮(阳性对照),处理2组为10%霉变玉米替代处理1组中正常玉米(阴性对照),处理3、4、5组分别在处理2组基础上添加100、200 mg/kg的大豆异黄酮和0.05%的膨润土。结果显示,与阳性对照组比较,处理2组显著地降低了肉鸡的采食量、日增重,增加了料肉比(P<0.05);显著地提高了血清中AST、ALT、AKP和LDH的浓度(P<0.05);同时降低了肝脏和血清中GSH-PX、SOD的活性(P<0.05)。大豆异黄酮和膨润土的添加显著地提高了肉鸡采食量、日增重(P<0.05),降低了料肉比(P<0.05);同时降低了血清中AST、ALT、AKP和LDH的浓度(P<0.05);大豆异黄酮的添加还显著地提高了肝脏和血清中GSH-PX、SOD的活性(P<0.05)。结果表明,大豆异黄酮显著地抑制了霉菌毒素对肉鸡肝功能和生长性能的影响。 相似文献
8.
霉变饲料处理方法与预防途径 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
饲料霉变后所产生的毒素会给动物造成急慢性中毒。对霉变饲料的脱毒方法进行了较全面的论述,说明脱毒后的饲料可放心使用,不会对动物造成损害。并且对饲料霉变的预防措施进行了论述,能够有效地避免毒素的产生。 相似文献
9.
作者对饲喂优质玉米和霉变玉米的猪分别进行猪瘟抗体和疫病检查,结果发现,饲喂霉变玉米的猪群猪瘟抗体水平低,且有玉米赤霉烯酮毒素中毒继发猪瘟的现象;饲喂优质玉米的猪群猪瘟抗体水平全部合格,猪群没有发生疫病。 相似文献
10.
本试验旨在研究自然霉变玉米对断奶仔猪生长性能、肝脏结构与功能的影响,并初步探讨甘露寡糖可能的缓解作用。试验采用2×2因子设计,20头体重(8.10±0.32)kg的35日龄PIC断奶仔猪随机分为4组,分别饲喂添加不同水平霉变玉米(0、100%)和甘露寡糖(0、0.2%)的饲粮。结果表明:霉变玉米组仔猪全期平均日增重(P<0.01)和平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05);肝细胞发生严重颗粒和空泡变性,肝脏丙二醛含量显著升高(P<0.05)和Bax mRNA表达量极显著升高(P<0.01)。添加甘露寡糖极显著提高仔猪肝脏总抗氧化力(T-AOC)(P<0.01),缓解霉变玉米导致的肝脏病理损伤,且霉变玉米与甘露寡糖对T-AOC的影响具有显著的交互效应(P<0.01)。由此可见,自然霉变玉米降低仔猪生长性能,诱导肝脏氧化应激并损伤肝脏结构;添加甘露寡糖对自然霉变玉米导致的肝损伤有一定程度的缓解作用。 相似文献
11.
Moldy corn in diets of gestating and lactating swine 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Moldy corn was substituted for normal corn in four dietary treatments to provide 0, 2.1, 3.7 and 4.8 ppm of zearalenone. The diets were fed to gilts from the day after first observed estrus through two gestation-lactation periods. Each diets was fed to 11 gifts initially. Overall reproductive performance appeared to decrease as the level of moldly corn in the diet increased, with fewer sows completing two parities and fewer piglets weaned per litter, especially from sows fed the highest level of moldy corn. Three-week-old gilts that nursed sows fed the highest level of moldy corn had increased weight of reproductive tracts. In 35-d-old gilts, symptoms of estrogenism increased as the level of moldy corn in the diet increased, even though there were no symptoms of estrogenism in the mature gilts or sows fed the same diets. Neither zearalenone nor its metabolites (alpha- and beta-zearalenol) were detected in milk obtained 1 or 14 d postpartum. 相似文献
12.
13.
本试验旨在研究含黄曲霉毒素B1为主的自然霉变玉米对肉鸭生产性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。试验设3个处理,霉变玉米替代比例为0、50%和100%,每个处理8个重复,每个重复16只肉鸭,试验期5周。结果表明:随霉变玉米用量增加,肉鸭1～35 d的日采食量和日增重、15～35 d的饲料增重比呈极显著线性降低(P<0.01),死亡率呈极显著线性增加(P<0.01);14 d和35 d血清超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著降低(P<0.01),14 d血清丙二醛含量极显著升高(P<0.01);14 d和35 d脾脏指数极显著增加(P<0.01)、法氏囊指数显著增加(P<0.05);14 d和35 d血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白(35 d除外)含量显著下降(P<0.01)。结果显示,自然霉变玉米抑制肉鸭采食量和生长,增加死亡率,但提高饲料转化率;并导致肉鸭出现氧化应激,免疫功能受损。 相似文献
14.
15.
Our purpose was to identify the main hazards associated with the spread of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy products in Switzerland and to determine the changes in predominant serotypes of the isolates, using databases on dairy-processing and environments from the Swiss Dairy Research Station during the years 1990-1999. Overall, of 76,271 samples collected, 3722 (4.9%) were positive for the presence of L. monocytogenes. Cheese-ripening facilities had the highest proportion of positive samples (7.6%), followed by small-scale local dairies (4.4%). By sample type, the highest proportion of positive samples (9.5%) was observed in water samples used for cheese-washing, followed by cheese-surface swabs (5.0%). During the 10-year period, no positive samples were obtained from cream, ice cream, milk powder, yogurt, or fresh cheese. Of 3722 L. monocytogenes isolates, 1328 (35.7%) were serologically typeable. Serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b accounted for 92.7% of the 1328 isolates. Until 1995, the most-prevalent serotype was 1/2b (annual proportional prevalence 39.3-72.2%)--whereas since 1996, 1/2a was the most prevalent (34.7-54.7%). During 1996-1999, serotype 1/2a increased by 88%, compared to the average of 1990-1995. In the final random-effect multivariable logistic model, the strongest predictor of a positive culture was samples from cheese-ripening plant (OR=1.54; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.08) and the second-strongest predictor was samples collected by someone who was employed by the plant (OR=1.48; 1.29, 1.71). Hard and semi-hard cheeses were more likely to be associated with serotype 1/2b and soft cheeses with serotype 1/2a. 相似文献
16.
17.
研究不同脂肪含量和脂肪替代物对再制片状干酪品质的影响。对5 种不同脂肪含量再制片状干酪的基本理化指标、色泽、质构和感官品质进行测定和评估。结果表明：5 种不同脂肪含量的再制片状干酪pH值、蛋白质和脂肪含量存在显著性差异，酶解浓缩黄油的添加对再制片状干酪亮度值、红度值和黄度值均有明显影响；用酶解浓缩黄油替代全部黄油的减脂50%干酪全质构特性与其他组样品有差异，酶解浓缩黄油部分替代黄油制备的4号减脂干酪全质构特性除凝聚性、回复性外，与1～3号干酪无显著差异；通过感官评定发现，酶解浓缩黄油替代全部黄油的减脂50%干酪（5号）感官评分最低，酶解浓缩黄油部分替代黄油的减脂50%干酪（4号）风味和滋味有所增强，总体得分与全脂干酪产品无显著差异。因此通过降低黄油含量，并添加酶解浓缩黄油可提升减脂再制片状干酪的品质。 相似文献
18.
19.
将乳酪添加到面包中能够制作出营养丰富、品质优良的乳酪面包。通过测定添加乳酪后的面团物性、面包物性、抗老化性能及主要营养成分,分析乳酪的添加对面包的影响。以面团硬度和乳酪面包的感官评分为评价指标,通过单因素试验及正交试验筛选乳酪面包的最佳生产工艺及配方。结果表明:生产乳酪面包的最佳配方为乳酪添加量15%、即发干酵母添加量1.5%、面包改良剂添加量0.8%,采用一次发酵法生产时,乳酪面包口感细腻、质地柔软有弹性、带有浓郁的乳酪香味,面团硬度为94.317 g,乳酪面包硬度为402.255 g,感官评分92 分,蛋白质含量为14.5 g/100 g,乳酪面包的品质及抗老化能力均优于未添加乳酪的面包。 相似文献
20.
使用离心泵和螺杆泵在不同温度输送稀奶油进行超高温杀菌，研究其对稀奶油理化品质的影响。结果表明：10 ℃时使用离心泵（10L组）输送稀奶油，会导致其脂肪聚结、析出，黏度显著低于在60 ℃时输送或使用螺杆泵输送；10L组稀奶油粒径最大、最不均匀，60 ℃使用离心泵（60L组）、10 ℃使用螺杆泵（10R组）和60 ℃使用螺杆泵（60R组）稀奶油粒径接近，其中60L组稀奶油粒径最均匀；60R和60L组打发率和硬度接近，10R组打发率最低，10L组经过长时间搅打后依然无法被打发；不同组稀奶油脂肪酸成分没有显著差异，但微观结构差异显著，60 ℃经过泵输送的稀奶油脂肪球小而密，10 ℃经过泵输送的稀奶油脂肪球大而疏，说明低温状态下的稀奶油易受剪切而聚结，从而使脂肪析出、影响稀奶油质量，这与粒径结果相吻合。 相似文献