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池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下养殖密度对大口黑鲈生长性能和生理指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下养殖密度对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长性能、血清生化指标的影响,设置15 000和25 000尾/槽2个养殖密度,经过120 d的养殖实验。结果显示:养殖密度对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、皮质醇和溶菌酶含量无显著影响;高养殖密度组血清总蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯和葡萄糖含量显著低于低养殖密度组。在低、高密度养殖条件下,体重与体长之间呈幂函数关系,生长方程分别为y=0.031 6x~(2.903 8)(R~2=0.980 1)和y=0.032 1x~(2.898 5)(R~2=0.982 4)。结果表明,池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下,高密度养殖而不影响大口黑鲈生长。 相似文献
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为比较人工配合饲料和冰鲜鱼对池塘养殖大口黑鲈生长速度、鱼体生理健康的影响,以池塘养殖大口黑鲈为试验对象,在临近的2口池塘分别投喂人工配合饲料(池塘水面积9×667m~2)和冰鲜鱼(池塘水面积10×667m~2)157 d、162 d。养殖过程中,定期打样采集大口黑鲈的体长、体质量数据;试验结束时,采集血清进行血清生化指标的测定。结果表明:2种投饲对大口黑鲈的体长、体质量与养殖时间的回归方程基本一致,而体长、体质量的特定生长率则是饲料养殖的大口黑鲈略大于冰鲜鱼组的结果;冰鲜鱼养殖的大口黑鲈出现营养过剩、存在发生营养过剩性疾病(如脂肪肝)的可能性。试验结果表明:使用人工配合饲料养殖大口黑鲈是一种值得推广的池塘生产方式。 相似文献
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浙江省池塘养殖大口黑鲈和乌鳢的生长性能和养殖环境分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2015年7-10月对浙江省杭州市6口养殖生产池塘内大口黑鲈和乌鳢的生长性能、池塘水质和底质状况进行了分析比较。所研究的池塘中,3口(B1、B2和B3)投喂配合饲料养殖大口黑鲈,2口(S1和S2)投喂配合饲料养殖乌鳢,1口(S3)投喂冰鲜鱼养殖乌鳢。试验结果:8月11日—9月4日,池塘B1内大口黑鲈体质量增加62 g/尾,池塘S1内乌鳢体质量增加113 g/尾,池塘S3内乌鳢体质量增加31 g/尾。研究期间,池塘S1和S2水中氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2~--N)、硝酸盐氮(NO_3~--N)、总氮(TN)、总有机碳(TOC)和底泥总磷(TP)均高于池塘B1、B2、B3;池塘S3水中TAN、活性磷酸盐(PO_4~(3-)-P)、TN、TP和底泥TN、TP、POC高于池塘S1和S2,但水中NO_2~--N、NO_3~--N、COD_(Mn)和TOC均低于池塘S1和S2。结果表明,采用配合饲料饲喂大口黑鲈和乌鳢可正常生长;投喂配合饲料时,乌鳢池塘水中TN和TOC的积累程度高于大口黑鲈池塘,表明乌鳢养殖池塘中有机质的积累程度高于大口黑鲈池塘。 相似文献
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投喂频率对池塘工程化循环水养殖大口黑鲈生长、生理及肝脏GH、IGF-I基因表达丰度的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为研究池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下投喂频率对大口黑鲈(Micropterussalmoides)生长、生理及肝脏生长激素基因(GH)、类胰岛素生长因子-I基因(IGF-I)相对表达丰度的影响,选用初始体重为(5.0±0.4) g的大口黑鲈为研究对象,设置3个投喂频率组(2次/d、3次/d、4次/d),每组3个重复,开展为期120 d的养殖试验。结果表明,第30天和第60天时,大口黑鲈末体重、增重率和特定生长率均未受到投喂频率的显著影响(P0.05),而在第90天时, 2次/d组试验鱼的生长显著高于4次/d组(P0.05),与3次/d组相比无显著性差异(P0.05);第120天时, 2次/d组试验鱼的生长显著高于3次/d组和4次/d组(P0.05);投喂频率对血清谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性、溶菌酶、皮质醇和甘油三酯(TG)含量、肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量均无显著性影响(P0.05)。随着投喂频率的增加,肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及血清总蛋白(TP)、血糖(Glu)含量呈降低的趋势且血清总胆固醇(TC)呈上升的趋势;第30天时投喂频率对肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性无显著性影响,而第60天、第90天和第120天时,4次/d组T-SOD活性显著低于2次/d组(P0.05)。第30天、第60天和第120天时, 2次/d组肝脏IGF-I基因的相对表达量最高(P0.05),第90天时各组间肝脏IGF-I相对表达量无明显差异(P0.05);第30天和第60天时,肝脏GH基因相对表达量未受到投喂频率的影响(P0.05),而第90天和第120天时4次/d组肝脏GH基因相对表达量显著低于2次/d组(P0.05)。因此,基于大口黑鲈的生长性能、生理效应及肝脏GH、IGF-I基因表达丰度的综合考虑,池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下初始体重为(5.0±0.4)g的大口黑鲈适宜投喂频率为2次/d。 相似文献
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工厂化循环水养殖条件下大口黑鲈生长特点分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在水温17.3～28.0℃下,将体质量(4.60±0.30) g的大口黑鲈饲养在4口60 m~3工厂化循环水养殖池中,放养密度67尾/m~3,投喂大口黑鲈专用浮性颗粒配合饲料,研究大口黑鲈在工厂化循环水养殖条件下的生长规律。试验结果显示,养殖195 d后,大口黑鲈平均体质量为(303.14±73.17) g、平均体长为(26.76±3.13) cm;体质量(m)与日龄(t)间呈指数关系:m=0.0651t~(1.6147),r~2=0.9974,平均体质量特定生长率为0.46%,平均体质量日增加量为(1.82±0.57) g;体长(L)与日龄间呈线性关系:L=0.0961t+9.1442,r~2=0.9766,平均体长特定生长率为0.15%,平均体长日增长量为(0.10±0.04) cm;体质量与体长符合幂函数:m=0.0132L~(3.0455),r~2=0.9828。在工厂化循环水养殖条件下大口黑鲈的相对增加量、特定生长率趋势基本一致,水温20℃以下明显影响其生长。 相似文献
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Effect of Dietary Lipid Level and Feeding Frequency on the Growth,Feed Utilization,and Body Composition of Juvenile Spotted Seabass,Lateolabrax maculatus 
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下载免费PDF全文 A 6‐wk feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of different dietary lipid levels and feeding frequencies on the growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition of juvenile spotted seabass, Lateolabrax maculatus. Two experimental diets were prepared with two different dietary lipid contents, low lipid (7%; LL) and high lipid (14%; HL). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (5.5 ± 0.01 g) to apparent satiation at three meals per day, two meals per day, one meal per day, and one meal every 2 d, respectively, for 6 wk. Fish growth performance in terms of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was significantly affected by frequency of feeding, with increasing values as feeding frequency increased up to twice daily, regardless of dietary lipid content. In addition, fish fed the diet with the HL level (14%) showed significantly higher WG and SGR than those fed the LL diet (7%) at all the feeding frequencies tested. Feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were affected by both dietary lipid level and feeding frequency. FE and PER values were significantly higher in fish fed the HL diet and/or when fish were fed twice or thrice a day. However, daily feed intake and daily energy intake were significantly affected only by feeding frequency and were significantly reduced when the fish were fed only once every 2 d compared with those fed more frequently. Whole‐body moisture content of fish tended to decrease with increasing dietary lipid level and frequency of feeding. In contrast, whole‐body lipid content increased in fish as dietary lipid level and feeding frequency increased. Consequently, we can conclude that feeding spotted seabass twice daily to apparent satiation is acceptable and sufficient to achieve good growth and FE, as fish performance was not significantly enhanced when feeding was increased from two to three times daily. 相似文献
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Effects of feeding frequency on growth,feed efficiency and body composition of juveniles Brazilian sardine,Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindacher 1879) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Manecas Baloi Cristina V A de Carvalho Fabio C Sterzelecki Gabriel Passini Vinícius R Cerqueira 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(2):554-560
The Brazilian sardine is the most important fishery resource in Brazil. Their production has declined along the last 30 years due the overfishing, climatic and oceanographic phenomena. This study was carried out to determine the optimal feeding frequency for juvenile Brazilian sardine based on growth, feed efficiency, feed intake and body composition. Six feeding frequencies of one, two, three, four, five and six times a day were evaluated in triplicate tanks for 50 days. Fish with initial mean weight of 3.29 ± 0.56 g were fed daily to apparent satiation. The results showed that fish fed once daily had lower body weight gain, specific growth rate and condition factor (P < 0.05) compared with other treatments. The feed efficiency ratio in fish fed once daily was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those fed two or more times a day. No significant differences were observed in the coefficient of variation in body weight (P > 0.05) among the treatments. Feed intake was directly proportional to the feeding frequency. Fish fed once daily showed lower hepatosomatic and mesenteric fat indices (P < 0.05) than the other treatments. Neither protein nor ash content of fish were significantly (P > 0.05) affected by feeding frequency. However, the lipid content increased with feeding frequency. The results suggest that the optimal feeding frequency for juvenile Brazilian sardine is at least twice daily. 相似文献
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Adnan Jameel Salama 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(6):561-567
The effects of several feeding frequencies of two, three and four times per day on Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer growth performance have been tested. Fish were reared under ambient Red Sea water conditions; these fish were fed diets containing 48% crude protein for 45 days. The present study was carried out at the Faculty of Marine Science (Abhor branch). The results show that fish population fed twice daily had significantly better growth with a mean body weight and daily weight increment of 59.04 and 1.31 g, respectively (P<0.05), than the other population fed three or four times daily. No significant differences were observed between fish fed two and three times daily in length gain and daily length increment. Growth in weight and length was increased gradually and no mortality was observed during the experimental period. In all the feeding trials, the body weight increased with an increase in length (R2=0.87 and 0.90). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly affected by feeding frequencies, with a significantly better FCR value of 2.43 in fish fed twice daily (P<0.05) compared with the other two populations fed three and four times daily. These results led to the conclusion that feeding two times daily would result in better growth and utilization of feed for the Asian sea bass L. calcarifer juvenile. 相似文献
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Carl D. Webster Kenneth R. Thompson Ann M. Morgan Ebony J. Grisby Siddhartha Dasgupta 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2001,32(1):79-88
Abstract.— In an effort to feed sunshine bass Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis efficiently, promote optimal growth, and reduce labor costs associated with feeding, sunshine bass were grown in cages and fed one of four feeding frequencies: once/d, twice/d, once every other day (I X/EOD), and twice every other day (2X/EOD) for 21 wk. Juvenile sunshine bass were fed a commercial floating diet containing 40% protein and 11.5% lipid. One hundred fish were hand-counted and stocked into each of 12 3.5-m3 cages with three replications per treatment. At the conclusion of the study, percentage weight gain of sunshine bass fed twice/d was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (1,850%) compared to fish fed all other feeding frequencies. Specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (2.1%/d) compared to fish fed all other feeding regimes, while fish fed once/d had a higher SGR (2.0%/d) compared to fish fed I X/EOD (1.6%/d) and 2X/EOD (1.8%/d). Percentage survival was not significantly different (P > 0.05) among all treatments and averaged 70.4%r. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (2.40) compared to fish fed all other feeding regimes. Percentage fillet weight of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (27.8%) compared to all other treatments. Percentage moisture, protein, lipid, and ash in fillet were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 75.7%, 19.4%, 3.5%, and 1.2%n, respectively (wet-weight basis). Based upon data from the present study, it appears that producers growing juvenile sunshine bass in cages may want to feed fish twice daily. This feeding regimen allows for higher growth rates, without adverse effects on body or fillet compositions. However, economic analysis needs to be conducted to determine if feeding twice/d is profitable. 相似文献
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为研究投喂策略对牛蛙蝌蚪生长发育的影响，建立科学的投喂标准，实验分别设置了4种投喂频率(1、2、3和4次/d)与4个投喂水平(4%、6%、8%和10%)饲养牛蛙蝌蚪，以探究牛蛙蝌蚪合适的投喂策略。投喂频率实验表明，投喂3次/d或4次/d的牛蛙蝌蚪在实验周期内的变态率显著高于投喂1次/d或2次/d的牛蛙蝌蚪，且投喂3次/d的牛蛙蝌蚪增重率最大。变态率与投喂量的比值(MFR)随投喂频率增加而上升，2、3或4次/d显著高于1次/d。投喂频率对已变态牛蛙蝌蚪的肝脏组织结构及肠道蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性无显著影响。投喂水产实验结果显示，实验周期内牛蛙蝌蚪变态率随投喂水平增加而上升，且8%与10%组已变态牛蛙蝌蚪的均重显著高于4%与6%组，但已变态牛蛙蝌蚪肠道蛋白酶活性随投喂水平升高而降低。8%与10%组已变态牛蛙蝌蚪肝细胞脂滴含量明显增多，脂肪沉积现象明显。8%投喂水平组有益菌属暖绳菌属(绿弯菌门)与鲸杆菌属(梭杆菌门)相对丰度较高，一定程度改善了肠道微生物结构。研究表明，牛蛙蝌蚪每日投喂3次，综合投喂水平8%左右，蝌蚪的生长发育性能较优，兼顾了牛蛙养殖生产效益与蝌蚪肝肠健康，促进了牛蛙产业健... 相似文献
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投喂频率对斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼生长、饲料利用和鱼体组成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过8周的生长试验,研究斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)幼鱼(初始体重约4.5 g)的最适投喂频率。试验饲料为自制配合饲料,粗蛋白38%,总能19.0 kJ/g。设计了1～5次/d(M1-M5)5种投喂频率。结果表明:M2、M3、M4组摄食率均显著高于M1和M5组(P<0.05),其中M4组最大。M3、M4、M5组的特定生长率均显著高于M1组(P<0.05),其中M3组最大。M2、M3、M4、M5组的干物质表观消化率均显著高于M1组(P<0.05),M3和M4组的蛋白和能量表观消化率均显著高于M1和M2组(P<0.05)。M3组干物质含量显著高于M1和M2组(P<0.05),M2、M3、M4和M5组的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和能量含量均显著高于M1组(P<0.05)。因此,本研究建议,斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼养殖的最适投喂频率为3次/d。 相似文献
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Frederic T. Barrows Charles E. Smith Jurij M. Wacyk Madison S. Powell Ronald W. Hardy Eric A. Shelden 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(5):655-668
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) can promote integrity of damaged intestinal epithelial tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a commercially available anti‐phospholipase A2 antibody on growth, feed efficiency, Hsp expression, and intestinal health of rainbow trout fed diets containing high levels of soybean meal (SBM). Six practical‐type diets (45% protein; 15% fat) were formulated to contain 0, 17.5, or 35% SBM with and without antibody. Each diet was fed to three replicate tanks of fish (20 fish/tank; initial weight 21 g) for 9 wk. RNA was isolated from liver and intestinal tissues (n = 3/tank) to detect alterations in Hsp 27, Hsp 70, and Hsp 90 expression. Fish fed a diet containing 35% SBM had decreased growth and intestinal damage. Hsp 27 and Hsp 90 mRNA was elevated in fish fed 35% SBM. Fish fed 35% SBM with antibody had lower Hsp 90 mRNA expression than fish without antibody. These data indicate that feeding rainbow trout high levels of SBM alters the expression of some Hsps and anti‐phospholipase A2 antibody supplementation does not normalize growth or prevent distal enteritis in fish fed 35% SBM. 相似文献
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Sung Hwoan Cho Sang-Mok Lee Byum Hee Park Sung Choon Ji Cheol Young Choi Jin Hwan Lee Yi Cheong Kim Jong Ha Lee Sung-Yong Oh 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2007,38(1):68-73
A 10‐wk feeding trial to determine the effect of daily feeding ratio on growth and body composition of subadult olive flounder fed the extruded pellet (EP) was performed during the summer season. Thirteen flounder (an initial body weight of 319 g) per tank were distributed into fifteen 500‐L flow‐through tanks. Five treatments of feeding ratio in 5% decrement were prepared in triplicate: 100 (satiation), 95, 90, 85, and 80% of satiation. Fish in the control group (100% of satiation) were hand‐fed to apparent satiation twice a day. Then, feed allowance in the rest of the four groups was determined based on average feed consumption of fish in the control group. Weight gain of fish fed to 100% of satiation was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of fish fed to 85 and 80% of satiation but not significantly (P > 0.05) different from that of fish fed to 95 and 90% of satiation. Serum total protein, glucose, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by feeding ratio but triglyceride and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase were. In considering these results, it can be concluded that optimum daily feeding ratio for growth of subadult olive flounder seemed to be 90% of satiation when fish were fed the EP twice a day during the summer season. 相似文献
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An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with cottonseed meal (CSM) on growth and health of grass carp. Four isonitrogenous diets containing 0, 16.64, 32.73 and 48.94% of CSM, respectively, as replacements of 0, 35, 68 and 100% of SBM were fed to fish (initial body weight 7.14 ± 0.75 g/fish) in triplicate aquaria twice daily. The results indicated that fish fed diet containing 16.64% CSM as a replacement of 35% of SBM was not affected in weight gain (WG), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P>0.05), while fish fed diets containing higher level of dietary CSM (32.73 and 48.94%) significantly decreased WGand PER and significantly increased FCR (P<0.05). Fish fed diets containing 16.64% of CSM had significantly increased hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values compared with fish fed with other diets (P<0.05). The activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), gene expression levels of GSH-Px and CAT, and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower for fish fed diets containing 16.64% CSM compared with fish fed other diets (P<0.05). These results showed 16.64% CSM could be used to replace 35% SBM in the diets of juvenile grass carp and without health impact. 相似文献