共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
Recknagel S Nicke M Schusser GF 《Tier?rztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere》2012,40(2):85-93
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of peritoneal fluid (PF) cytology for clinical diagnosis of abdominal neoplasia in horses. Material and methods: Ten horses with histopathologically confirmed abdominal neoplasia, in which a PF analysis was performed, were included in this retrospective study. PF was analyzed for total protein concentration and a nucleated cell count was performed. Using cytological criteria of malignancy, the PF samples were evaluated regarding their probability of malignancy. Results: Cytologic classification of cells according to criteria of malignancy allowed a positive cytologic diagnosis of neoplasia in 5 out of 10 peritoneal fluid samples. Malignant lymphoma was the most commonly diagnosed neoplasia (3/10) and could be identified by cytology in 2/3 cases. In 1/2 horses with plasma cell myeloma neoplastic cells were similarly found. Malignant melanoma (2/10) was diagnosed using cytology in one case (presence of melanin-containing cells). Cytological diagnosis of malignant neoplasia was established in the only horse with gastric squamous cell carcinoma, but the morphology of the identified tumour cells did not allow a specific diagnosis. Thus, a definitive diagnosis was achieved in 4/5 horses with proven abdominal neoplasia. The horses with adenocarcinoma (1/10) and haemangiosarcoma (1/10) had no evidence of neoplasia based on cytological findings. No relationship between total protein concentration or the nucleated cell count with the histolopathological diagnosis of abdominal neoplasia was found. Abnormal mitotic figures were considered of greater diagnostic value than the overall mitotic rate. Conclusion: The implementation of nuclear criteria of malignancy in the cytologic evaluation of PF samples allows the identification of neoplastic cells to an acceptable degree. For this purpose, the knowledge of the highly variable morphological features of mesothelial cells is essential. The absence of malignant cells does not rule out abdominal neoplasia. Clinical relevance: PF cytology should be considered as a valuable, minimally invasive, simple, and rapid diagnostic technique in horses with suspected abdominal neoplasia. 相似文献
5.
Intra‐abdominal hypertension (IAH) may lead to a multiple organ dysfunction syndrome associated with significant dysfunction of the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal and central nervous systems of human patients. A recent prospective multicentre epidemiological investigation in man concluded that IAH was associated with an increased risk of mortality in critically ill patients. In this review, we present current information pertaining to the potential clinical importance of IAH in the context of equine clinical practice. In conclusion, consideration of intra‐abdominal pressure should be a part of the clinical assessment of patient well‐being in critically ill equine patients. 相似文献
6.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictive values, sensitivity and specificity of abdominal fluid variables associated with the need for surgery in horses with an acute abdominal crisis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Two-hundred and thirty-six horses examined for signs of abdominal pain between January 1993 and June 1999. METHODS: Breed, age and gender of the horse and colour, total protein concentration and total nucleated cell count of an abdominal fluid sample were recorded. Colour of the abdominal fluid was classified as normal if it was yellow and transparent. Turbid fluid or fluid that was serosanguinous or other colours was classified as abnormal. Protein concentration < or = 20 g/L and a total nucleated cell count < or = 5 x 10(9) cells/L were considered normal and values above these were considered abnormal. An abdominal fluid sample was classified as abnormal if one or more of the three variables were considered abnormal. Cases were defined as surgical when lesions identified at surgery or necropsy examination would not have resolved with medical treatment alone. Cases were defined as medical in horses that survived without surgical intervention, and those with a lesion found at surgery or necropsy that would have resolved with medical treatment alone. A third category was identified during the study as those diagnosed with Actinobacillus equuli--induced peritonitis. These horses were included in the study but not in the data analysis. DATA ANALYSIS: The association between the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of colour, total protein, and total nucleated cell count in the abdominal fluid and the need for surgery was calculated. RESULTS: There were 100 females and 136 males of mixed breeds, ranging from 3 days to 26 years of age that had an abdominocentesis performed during the specified period. There were 97 horses with a lesion classified as surgical, 91 horses with a lesion classified as medical and 48 horses with a diagnosis of A equuli-induced peritonitis. Colour of the abdominal fluid was recorded in all horses, protein concentration was recorded in 194 horses and total nucleated cell count was recorded in 179 horses. Abnormal abdominal fluid colour had a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 92%, 74%, 79% and 89% respectively, associated with the need for surgery. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for a serosanguinous abdominal fluid sample associated with the need for surgery were 48%, 99%, 98% and 64% respectively. Abnormal abdominal fluid protein concentration had a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 86%, 75%, 77% and 85% respectively, associated with the need for surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value associated with the need for surgery in horses with an abnormal total nucleated cell count in the abdominal fluid were 59%, 75%, 67% and 67%, respectively. An abdominal fluid sample classified as abnormal had a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 92%, 74%, 79% and 89% respectively, associated with the need for surgery. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that abdominal fluid sample analysis contributes to the decision to proceed to surgery, but is not a diagnostic panacea. Colour and protein concentration of abdominal fluid were the most useful variables in abdominal fluid for differentiating medical and surgical lesions. Colour and protein had a greater value in horses with a disease likely to respond to medical treatment (negative predictive value) than those with a lesion requiring surgery (positive predictive value) except when the fluid was serosanguinous. Abdominal fluid colour and protein are clinically relevant and easily measured in the field, providing immediate information without the need for sophisticated laboratory techniques. 相似文献
7.
Brianceau P Chevalier H Karas A Court MH Bassage L Kirker-Head C Provost P Paradis MR 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(6):736-741
Twenty-eight horses with the diagnosis of an intestinal disorder requiring surgical intervention were randomly assigned to lidocaine (n = 13) or saline (control, n = 15) treatment groups. After induction of anesthesia, treated horses received a loading dose of 2% lidocaine (0.65 mg/kg) intravenously, followed by a continuous rate of infusion of 1% lidocaine (0.025 mg/kg/min) until the discontinuation of anesthesia. Upon recovery from anesthesia, a 2nd loading dose of 2% lidocaine (1.3 mg/kg) was administered, followed by an infusion of 1% lidocaine (0.05 mg/kg/min) for 24 hours postoperatively. The control group received equivalent volumes of saline. Lidocaine-treated horses had significantly better minimum jejunal cross-sectional area scores (P = .011), minimum jejunal diameter scores (P = .002), and intestinal ultrasound index (IUI) (P = .007). Peritoneal fluid was detected by percutaneous ultrasound examination in 8 of the 15 control animals but in none of the treated animals (P = .003). Failure to obtain fluid via abdominocentesis was significantly more frequent for lidocaine-treated horses (P = .025). No significant differences between the groups were found in the presence of gastrointestinal sounds, time to passage of 1st feces, number of defecations in the 1st 24 hours, presence of gastric reflux, duodenal or jejunal wall thickness, maximum duodenal or jejunal diameter or cross-sectional area, minimum duodenal diameter or cross-sectional area, duodenal and jejunal intraluminal echogenicity, small-intestinal contractions per minute, rate of complications, or outcome. On the basis of this study, lidocaine infusion may have some desirable effects on jejunal distension and peritoneal fluid accumulation and was well tolerated perioperatively in horses with colic. The low incidence of small-intestinal lesions and gastric reflux in the study makes it difficult to assess the use of lidocaine in the prevention of postoperative ileus (POI). 相似文献
8.
Cardiopulmonary,blood and peritoneal fluid alterations associated with abdominal insufflation of carbon dioxide in standing horses 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Latimer FG Eades SC Pettifer G Tetens J Hosgood G Moore RM 《Equine veterinary journal》2003,35(3):283-290
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Abdominal insufflation is performed routinely during laparoscopy in horses to improve visualisation and facilitate instrument and visceral manipulations during surgery. It has been shown that high-pressure pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide (CO2) has deleterious cardiopulmonary effects in dorsally recumbent, mechanically ventilated, halothane-anaesthetised horses. There is no information on the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on cardiopulmonary function and haematology, plasma chemistry and peritoneal fluid (PF) variables in standing sedated horses during laparoscopic surgery. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of high pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum in standing sedated horses on cardiopulmonary function, blood gas, haematology, plasma chemistry and PF variables. METHODS: Six healthy, mature horses were sedated with an i.v. bolus of detomidine (0.02 mg/kg bwt) and butorphanol (0.02 mg/kg bwt) and instrumented to determine the changes in cardiopulmonary function, haematology, serum chemistry and PF values during and after pneumoperitoneum with CO2 to 15 mmHg pressure for standing laparoscopy. Each horse was assigned at random to either a standing left flank exploratory laparoscopy (LFL) with CO2 pneumoperitoneum or sham procedure (SLFL) without insufflation, and instrumented for measurement of cardiopulmonary variables. Each horse underwent a second procedure in crossover fashion one month later so that all 6 horses had both an LFL and SLFL performed. Cardiopulmonary variables and blood gas analyses were obtained 5 mins after sedation and every 15 mins during 60 mins baseline (BL), insufflation (15 mmHg) and desufflation. Haematology, serum chemistry analysis and PF analysis were performed at BL, insufflation and desufflation, and 24 h after the conclusion of each procedure. RESULTS: Significant decreases in heart rate, cardiac output and cardiac index and significant increases in mean right atrial pressure, systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance were recorded immediately after and during sedation in both groups of horses. Pneumoperitoneum with CO2 at 15 mmHg had no significant effect on cardiopulmonary function during surgery. There were no significant differences in blood gas, haematology or plasma chemistry values within or between groups at any time interval during the study. There was a significant increase in the PF total nucleated cell count 24 h following LFL compared to baseline values for LFL or SLFL at 24 h. There were no differences in PF protein concentrations within or between groups at any time interval. CONCLUSIONS: Pneumoperitoneum with CO2 during standing laparoscopy in healthy horses does not cause adverse alterations in cardiopulmonary, haematology or plasma chemistry variables, but does induce a mild inflammatory response within the peritoneal cavity. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: High pressure (15 mmHg) pneumoperitoneum in standing sedated mature horses for laparoscopic surgery can be performed safely without any short-term or cumulative adverse effects on haemodynamic or cardiopulmonary function. 相似文献
9.
Gregory R. Lisciandro DVM DABVP DACVECC ; Michael S. Lagutchik DVM MS DACVECC ; Kelly A. Mann DVM MS DACVR ; Geoffrey T. Fosgate DVM PhD DACVPM ; Elizabeth G. Tiller DVM ; Nicholas R. Cabano DVM ; Leslie D. Bauer DVM ; Bradley P. Book DVM DABVP Philip K. Howard DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(5):426-437
Objective – Evaluate an abdominal fluid scoring (AFS) system using an abdominal focused assessment with sonography for trauma (AFAST) protocol.
Design – Prospective study.
Setting – Private veterinary emergency center.
Animals – One hundred and one client-owned dogs with motor vehicle trauma.
Interventions – AFAST performed on admission and 4 hours post-admission.
Measurements and Main Results – An AFS was assigned to each dog based on the number of AFAST fluid-positive quadrants identified using a 4-point scale: AFS 0 (negative for fluid in all quadrants) to AFS 4 (positive for fluid in all quadrants). Free abdominal fluid was identified in 27 of 101 dogs (27%). Dogs with AFS scores of 3 or 4 (14/27 [52%] AFS-positive dogs) experienced more marked decreases in packed cell volume and total plasma protein, increases in alanine aminotransferase, and needed more blood transfusions than dogs with lower AFS scores and AFS-negative dogs. Serial AFAST was performed in 71% of dogs (71/101); 17% (12/71) of these cases changed AFS score, and 75% (9/12) of the changes were higher (worsened) AFS, correlating with increasing amounts of free abdominal fluid. Ninety-eight percent of the study population was a primary presentation. Overall, median time from trauma to initial AFAST was 60 minutes, and median AFAST examination time was 3 minutes.
Conclusions – Initial and serial AFAST with applied AFS allowed rapid, semiquantitative measure of free abdominal fluid in traumatized patients, was clinically associated with severity of injury, and reliably guided clinical management. Where possible, AFAST and AFS should be applied to the management of blunt trauma cases. 相似文献
Design – Prospective study.
Setting – Private veterinary emergency center.
Animals – One hundred and one client-owned dogs with motor vehicle trauma.
Interventions – AFAST performed on admission and 4 hours post-admission.
Measurements and Main Results – An AFS was assigned to each dog based on the number of AFAST fluid-positive quadrants identified using a 4-point scale: AFS 0 (negative for fluid in all quadrants) to AFS 4 (positive for fluid in all quadrants). Free abdominal fluid was identified in 27 of 101 dogs (27%). Dogs with AFS scores of 3 or 4 (14/27 [52%] AFS-positive dogs) experienced more marked decreases in packed cell volume and total plasma protein, increases in alanine aminotransferase, and needed more blood transfusions than dogs with lower AFS scores and AFS-negative dogs. Serial AFAST was performed in 71% of dogs (71/101); 17% (12/71) of these cases changed AFS score, and 75% (9/12) of the changes were higher (worsened) AFS, correlating with increasing amounts of free abdominal fluid. Ninety-eight percent of the study population was a primary presentation. Overall, median time from trauma to initial AFAST was 60 minutes, and median AFAST examination time was 3 minutes.
Conclusions – Initial and serial AFAST with applied AFS allowed rapid, semiquantitative measure of free abdominal fluid in traumatized patients, was clinically associated with severity of injury, and reliably guided clinical management. Where possible, AFAST and AFS should be applied to the management of blunt trauma cases. 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
Peritoneal fluid analysis in the diagnosis of abdominal disorders in cattle: a retrospective study 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Hirsch VM Townsend HG 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1982,23(12):348-354
A retrospective study of bovine peritoneal fluids collected over a two year period was conducted. Of a total of 66 cattle studied, 31 had a nonseptic peritonitis, 11 acute bacterial peritonitis, eight ascites and 16 miscellaneous disorders such as abomasal impaction, enteritis and lymphosarcoma. Peritoneal fluid analysis was a useful aid in the diagnosis of abdominal disorders of cattle, especially as hematological changes were absent in many cases. Due to relatively low nucleated cell counts in bovine peritonitis, all parameters (i.e. nucleated cell count, total protein and differential cell counts) must be evaluated before interpretation. A nucleated cell count of greater than 6000 cells/μL and total protein content of greater than 3 g/dL was consistent with the diagnosis of peritoneal inflammation in 80% of the cases studied. An atlas of cell types common to bovine peritoneal fluid is presented. 相似文献
13.
14.
Disseminated lymphoma with large granular lymphocyte morphology diagnosed in a horse via abdominal fluid and transtracheal wash cytology 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Cinzia Mastrorilli Fernanda Cesar Kellye Joiner Anne A. Wooldridge Pete W. Christopherson 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2015,44(3):437-441
A 22‐year‐old Tennessee Walking Horse mare was presented to the Auburn University Large Animal Teaching Hospital with a 3‐day history of lethargy, anorexia, and mild signs of colic. The mare had a several‐month history of weight loss and refractory cough. Physical examination revealed an increased respiratory rate, and crackles and wheezes were heard on thoracic auscultation. Thoracic ultrasonographic examination showed disseminated, minor, bilateral comet tail‐like lesions on the parietal pleural surfaces. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination was unremarkable. Trans‐rectal palpation revealed a firm small colon impaction with concomitant diarrhea. Laboratory data were characterized by a very pronounced acute inflammatory leukogram with severe neutropenia and significant left shift, evidence of hepatocellular damage/necrosis, cholestasis, and possibly mixed metabolic alkalosis and acidosis. On cytologic evaluation of a peritoneal fluid sample, there were many large granular lymphocytes (LGL). Large numbers of LGL were also observed on cytologic examination of a subsequent transtracheal wash. The final cytologic interpretation was disseminated lymphoma with LGL morphology. Due to worsening of the clinical signs and poor prognosis, the mare was euthanized. On necropsy and in histopathologic examination, disseminated lymphoma with LGL morphology was noted in a mesenteric lymph node, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, and right dorsal colon. Lymphoma with LGL morphology is rarely diagnosed in the horse. This report provides unique cytologic findings of a case of disseminated lymphoma with LGL morphology in a horse, confirmed with histopathologic evaluation. 相似文献
15.
16.
Utility of two‐view vs. three‐view abdominal radiography in canines presenting with acute abdominal signs 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Marina V. Mavromatis Mauricio Solano Michael Y. Thelen 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(4):381-386
There are clear differences in the normal radiographic appearance of the abdominal organs between a left lateral vs. a right lateral view. While a few veterinary academic institutions have transitioned to a three‐view abdominal radiographic study protocol, obtaining only two views of the canine abdomen remains the current standard in veterinary medicine. In this combined retrospective and prospective, case‐controlled study, 48 canine patients presenting with signs of acute abdomen were recruited. Four board‐certified veterinary radiologists and four general practice veterinarians with greater than 3 years of experience in small animal practice were asked to determine if 10 predetermined findings were present within the set of images and if surgery was recommended based on those findings. Image readers were unaware of the clinical history. Three‐view studies did not yield statistically significantly greater accuracy than two‐view studies when evaluating all readers together. No statistically significant associations between the availability of the third view and increased accuracy or confidence were found in evaluations of general practitioners specifically. Evaluation of three‐view radiographic examination, as compared to two‐view examination, did not have perceived or statistically significantly increased diagnostic utility. Based on our findings, there is no statistically increased utility to justify a standard three‐view abdominal radiographic examination over a two‐view study for canines presenting with signs of acute abdomen. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.