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以中棉所49为供试棉花品种，在新疆阿克苏试验基地开展了“棉萎克”滴灌防治黄萎病效果试验，并分析了其对棉花产量和纤维品质的影响。结果表明：棉花黄萎病发生初期，“棉萎克”滴灌处理较未处理对照显著降低了病情指数，对黄萎病的防治效果在50%左右。高剂量“棉萎克”处理（每隔10 d滴灌1次，连续4次，每次667 m2用量150 g）较未处理对照增产籽棉13.5%，对纤维品质无显著影响。因此，棉田黄萎病发病初期可用“棉萎克”滴灌防治，尤其适于新疆膜下滴灌棉田，以实现节本增产。 相似文献
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通过小区试验与田间示范相结合,对枯草芽孢杆菌随水滴施防治黄萎病的效果以及对棉花产量的影响展开研究。结果表明:在小区试验中,枯草芽孢杆菌随水滴施后,对黄萎病具有一定的防治效果,防效随试验施药量增加而增加;同时较对照病指明显降低,尤其是666.7m2用量600g处理。2年中病指变化不明显,在产量上,施药处理明显高于对照处理,其中处理3增产最为明显,2年平均增产达12.78%。大田示范中,防治黄萎病效果同样明显,2年平均病指低于对照6.0以上,产量增加12.99%以上。所以,小区与田间示范均证明枯草芽孢杆菌随水滴施可以防治黄萎病发生,并能增加棉花产量。 相似文献
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为探讨枯草芽孢杆菌对棉花黄萎病的防治效果,加快内生拮抗细菌-枯草芽孢杆菌Jaased1菌剂防治棉花黄萎病试验示范进程,利用Jaas ed1菌剂在苗期对棉花进行灌根处理,以及现蕾初期对棉花进行灌根处理。结果表明:新型内生拮抗细菌枯草芽孢杆菌Jaas ed1能抑制棉花黄萎病的发生,特别是苗期以及现蕾初期进行药剂灌根,对预防棉花黄萎病的发生具有较好的效果,防治效果达到53.2%;同时可以促进棉花的生长,提高棉花的产量,籽棉产量、皮棉产量分别比清水对照高7.95%、8.19%。 相似文献
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目前,枯草芽孢杆菌已广泛应用于防治棉花黄萎病,但不同菌株的防治效果（防效）参差不齐,有待进一步筛选验证。前期,本课题组从健康棉花植株和根际土壤中分离获得了48株枯草芽孢杆菌。为明确这些菌株对棉花黄萎病的防效,筛选具有优异防效的枯草芽孢杆菌菌株,采取对峙培养法、对扣培养法测定其对棉花黄萎病菌的抑制作用,并通过温室试验验证其对棉花黄萎病的防效。通过对峙培养和对扣培养筛选出18株拮抗效果较好的菌株。温室试验结果显示：无论浸种或灌根处理,EBS03、EBS07、EBS10和BS04菌株对棉花黄萎病的防效均大于55％,其中EBS03防效最好,浸种与灌根处理对棉花黄萎病的防效分别为76.31%、87.10%;此外,播种后60 d EBS03和EBS10菌株浸种处理的棉苗株高、地上部鲜物质质量、总鲜物质质量较对照分别提高78.08%和77.77%、113.33%和108.00%、107.23%和103.61%。综上,EBS03和EBS10菌株具有较好的促生长作用,并对棉花黄萎病有一定的防效,具有进一步开发应用的潜力。 相似文献
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Krishna Kumari S Thayumanavan B 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,53(1):47-56
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures of small millet starch granules showed more large polygonal and few small spherical or polygonal granules. The granules of small millets resembled those of rice starch granules. The size of the starch granules ranged from 0.8–10 m. The size of the granules was larger in barnyard millet and smaller in proso millet. Several granules showed deep indentation caused by protein bodies. SEM of starch isolated from 24 hour-germinated kodo millet showed pitting or pinholes at some points due to the attack of amylases (preferentially on bigger granules). Brabender viscoamylograph studies on small millet starches revealed that the gelatinization temperatures ranged from 75.8 to 84.9 ° C. Barnyard millet possessed lower amylograph viscosity, minimum breakdown, and relative breakdown values when compared to the other small millets. 相似文献
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Effects of timing and rate of N fertilizer application on concentrations of P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn in herbage from perennial ryegrass/white clover pastures were studied at two sites in south-western Victoria, Australia. Nitrogen fertilizer (0, 15, 25, 30, 45 and 60 kg ha–1 ) was applied as urea in mid-April, early May, mid-May, early June and mid-June 1996 to pastures grazed by dairy cows. At Site 1, N fertilizer resulted in a linear increase in P, K, S, Mg and Cl concentrations in herbage and a linear decrease in Ca concentration. For all times of application, concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg and Cl in herbage increased by 0·0048, 0·08, −0·010, 0·0013 and 0·053 g kg–1 dry matter (DM) per kg N applied respectively. For S concentration, maximum responses occurred in mid-May (0·012 g kg–1 DM per kg N applied). At Site 2, N fertilizer resulted in a linear increase in P, S and Na concentrations in herbage, a linear decrease in Ca concentration and a curvilinear increase in K and Cl concentration. The maximum responses for P, S and K concentrations in herbage occurred for the N application in mid-June and were 0·015, 0·008 and 0·47 g kg–1 DM per kg N applied respectively. For Cl concentration, the maximum response occurred for the N application in early June and was 0·225 g kg–1 DM per kg N applied. Overall, applications of N fertilizer up to 60 kg ha–1 did not alter herbage mineral concentration to levels that might affect pasture growth or animal health. 相似文献
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W. L. Porter 《American Journal of Potato Research》1967,44(10):382-382
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Various parameters,e.g. types of microtiter plate for DAS-ELISA (double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), use of fresh or frozen amplifier solutions for enzyme-amplified-ELISA, and use of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NaDIECA) in sample buffer in cocktail-ELISA were evaluated for the detection of potato viruses A, M, S, X, Y and leafroll from potato foliage. Dynatech Immulon immunoplates provided higher readings for all viruses. Fresh amplifier solution in amplifed-ELISA was superior to frozen solutions. Amplified ELISA gave only marginal improvement in the sensitivity over the standard DAS-ELISA. Addition of NaDIECA in sample buffer did not improve the detection of viruses in DAS-, amplified-, or cocktail-ELISA. Cocktail-ELISA can reduce antigen incubation time to as short as 15 min for PVA, PVM and PVX; 1 hr for PVY and PLRV; and 2–4 hr for PVS using pre-coated plates. Although amplified-ELISA is slightly more sensitive than DAS-ELISA for certain potato viruses, it is not suitable for large-scale indexing of potato viruses in Seed Certification Laboratories, in view of the additional steps needed in carrying out this procedure. 相似文献
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The milling potential of hulled barley, hulled oat, triticale, rye and wheat was studied using a long tempering process and a laboratory four-roller mill. Regardless of the investigated cereal, the results indicated a significant influence (p < 0.05) of volume per surface area ratio on the milling yield and ash contents of the flour. The lowest milling yield was obtained in case of hulled oat. Solvent retention capacity profiles were determined for all investigated whole cereals and flours for predicting the contribution of different polymers to the functionality of samples. For all solvents higher values were obtained for the whole cereals compared to the corresponding flour. Thermo-mechanical properties of the whole cereals and refined flours were also investigated. If in case of wheat the gluten proteins play an essential role on dough behaviour during kneading at 30 °C, in case of triticale, rye, hulled barley and hulled oat, the fibers play a major role as well. Thermo-mechanical properties of starch registered a large variation between cereals and/or flours. The lowest torque value corresponding to starch gelatinization (C3) was registered in case of the hulled oat flour, 1.92 Nm, while the highest value in case of rye flour, 2.65 Nm. 相似文献
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Study of antimicrobial activity of aloevera, chitosan, and curcumin on cotton, wool, and rabbit hair 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Aloevera, chitosan, and curcumin were applied in alone and in combination with each others on cotton, wool and rabbit hair
by exhaustion method for the assessment of their antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of these natural ingredients
was better in peroxide treated cotton, formic acid treated wool/rabbit hair fibrous substrates than their corresponding intact
ones. Aloevera shown better antimicrobial activity than chitosan and curcumin when applied alone and its antimicrobial activity
was enhanced by addition of both chitosan and curcumin. The application of aloevera+chitosan+curcumin combination on peroxide
treated cotton and formic acid treated wool/rabbit hair fibrous substrate was fast up to twenty five washing cycles. 相似文献
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The concentration of mineral elements in herbage from permanent swards of mixed species composition (predominantly Agrostis spp., Holcus lanatus, Festuca rubra, Lolium perenne, Poa spp., etc.) was compared with that from sown perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) at two fertilizer rates (0 and 300kg N ha−1 year−1 , both with P and K) and with L. perennel Trifolium repens (at 0 N with P and K). The investigation was conducted over four years at sixteen contrasting sites in England and Wales. Herbage samples for mineral analysis were taken at first and fourth harvests (May and August) each year from plots under 4-weekly cutting. There was a wide degree of variation between sites, particularly for concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na and all trace elements analysed. Herbage from L. perenne reseeds had significantly higher concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, Co and S, but K, Mo, Zn, Cu and P were generally lower than in the permanent swards. L. perennel T. repens swards had the highest concentration of major cations, but trace element levels were generally intermediate between those for 0 N permanent and L. perenne swards. Fertilizer N reduced concentrations of Ca, Mn, Mo and S, and increased Mg, Na and Zn, with no consistent effects on K, Co and Cu. Herbage at harvest 4, compared with harvest 1, had higher Ca, Mg, Na, Mn, Zn and S. Permanent and L. perenne swards responded similarly to fertilizer N and between harvest dates. Results are discussed in relation to previous reports of botanical and fertilizer effects on mineral concentrations, and the mineral requirements of livestock. Changes in mineral concentration resulting from reseeding permanent swards are considered unlikely to increase mineral-related livestock disorders, and in many cases could be beneficial, though problems might arise on sites where some elements, e.g. Cu and Mg, are low. 相似文献