共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Favus, or avian ringworm, was diagnosed in a backyard flock of game chickens from which Microsporum gallinae was isolated. Infected birds had white crusts on the comb and on the skin of the head and neck. Histopathological lesions included hyperkeratosis of the skin epithelium with invasion of the stratum corneum by fungal mycelia, acanthosis, acantholysis, and hydropic degeneration of cells in the stratum spinosum. The underlying dermis was infiltrated by mononuclear cells and contained lymphoid foci. Daily topical treatment with miconazole was applied in the field and in the laboratory, with apparent success. 相似文献
2.
The rate of epidermal cell renewal in normal bovine skin and that reinoculated with Trichophyton verrucosum was measured using a radioautographic technique. The transit times of both nucleated and fully keratinised cells were measured in sequential biopsy samples removed at predetermined periods after intradermal inoculation with radio-labelled isotopes. The total time taken for cells of the basal layer to travel to the point of desquamation in the stratum corneum was 18 days in normal cattle. In similar areas on cattle that had been reinoculated with T verrucosum the total epidermal cell renewal time was reduced to 12 days. Increased protein synthesis, as measured by incorporation of radio-labelled nucleoside was evident in basal cells within 24 h of reinoculation with the fungus. The nucleated epidermal cell thickness had almost doubled in areas of reinoculated skin within 72 h and increased cell proliferation was maintained for at least 10 days. Desquamation of the thickened stratum corneum had occurred within seven days of reinoculation with the fungus. 相似文献
3.
An electronmicroscopic study of the dermis of the ventral skin of a fresh water teleost ( Pimelodus maculatus ) was examined with standard techniques. It was demonstrated that the dermal organization consists of a well developed basal membrane underlying the epidermis, and two collagenous layers (stratum compactum most superficially and stratum spongiosum, deep to it) which are separated by a layer of elastic connective tissue. Within the superficial layer melanocytes and iridophores were demonstrated. 相似文献
4.
Cerrato S Brazís P Meana A Fondevila D Puigdemont A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(2):503-507
The aim of this study was to develop and to characterize a canine skin epidermal model able to form a proper epidermis on a porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM). In addition, the role of fibroblasts in skin barrier formation was studied by incorporating or omitting canine dermal fibroblasts in the PADM. Canine epidermal composites were developed by seeding keratinocytes onto the surface of PADM that were previously seeded or non-seeded with dermal fibroblasts. After 14days of culture under air-exposed conditions and in a special growth medium, skin composites were histologically processed and immunohistochemically characterized to determine the expression of cytokeratins and of vimentin and the presence of basement membrane. In all composites, keratinocytes underwent differentiation to a multilayer epidermis with 5-7 viable cell layers. The stratum basalis, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum and stratum corneum were identified. The expression of cytokeratins was similar to that described in healthy canine epidermis. Laminin and collagen IV immunostaining revealed a homogeneous layer in the epidermal-dermal junction only when the matrix had been seeded by canine dermal fibroblasts. The model may become a simple, useful and cost-effective tool to investigate the biology and pathology of canine epidermis and could partially replace animal testing in several areas of dermatological research. 相似文献
5.
A 1-month-old male cria was examined because of diffuse hyperkeratosis and conjunctivitis that had existed since birth. The mucocutaneous junction of the nostrils as well as the neck, coronary bands, and axillary and inguinal regions were the most severely affected areas. Orthokeratosis involving the epidermis and follicular infundibula was observed on skin biopsy specimens. Electron microscopy revealed 4 to 6 granular layers and inter- and intracellular vacuolation in the stratum corneum; diagnosis of ichthyosis was established. 相似文献
6.
Thirty-three woodchucks were used in this study. Seventeen animals were healthy adults, not infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV); 10 were healthy adults infected with WHV; 4 were noninfected neonates; 2 were infected neonates. Within the 4 groups of woodchucks, no histologic differences were detected on the basis of sex or age. Neither were histologic findings different between infected and noninfected woodchucks of similar ages. The average thickness of skin (as measured from the skin surface to the inner limit of the dermis) from the general haired body area was 2394 microns. The skin was thickest on dorsal body areas, and gradually became thinner on ventral body and medial limb areas. The epidermis consisted of 4 layers: stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum corneum. A stratum lucidum was present only in the epidermis of the footpads. There was no clear distinction between the superficial dermis and the deep dermis, except for the subtle differences in arrangement and size of collagen fibers. Elastic fibers were seen throughout the dermis, being more prominent in the superficial portion. Both compound and simple hair follicle arrangements were seen, with compound being more common. The arrectores pilorum muscles were largest in the skin over the dorsal body areas. Sebaceous glands were present either within the outer root sheath of hair follicles or in the dense connective tissue surrounding hair follicles. No apocrine sweat glands were found. However, there were abundant eccrine sweat glands in the subcutaneous fat of the footpads. 相似文献
7.
1. The combination of a soft scald treatment and mechanical plucking did not cause significant removal of epidermal tissue from the skin surface of commercially processed meat chickens.
2. Scalding and plucking caused partial separation of the stratum corneum from underlying germinative tissue as well as significant damage to cell integrity of the latter tissue, especially in areas close to the epidermal/dermal tissue boundary. 相似文献
8.
The prenatal development of the bovine ruminal epithelium was studied with light- and electronmicroscopical techniques. During the period of the nonstratified epithelium a pseudostratified epithelium is found in the dorso-cranial part, whereas the other areas possess a one-layered epithelium, which is, like the pseudostratified epithelium, transformed to a multilayered epithelium from the 7th week onwards. From the 9th week the period of the stratified epithelium starts with the formation of the stratum profundum and stratum superficiale. First signs of keratinization are seen in the superficial cells from 2.3 months onwards. With 4 months fetal cornified cells can be identified, with 5.5 months a single-layered stratum basale is seen on the differentiating papillar connective tissue, and the superficial cells are transformed to balloon-cells. In suprapapillar areas, a stratum spinosum is formed at the prenatal age of 7.5 months. During epitheliogenesis a horizontal and vertical differentiation of the cells can be observed. The first one includes the differentiation of undifferentiated, embryonal cells to the basal cells of the stratum profundum, the latter the development of the basal cells to spinous cells and then to fetal cornified and balloon-cells. The ultrastructural changes during the process of keratinization were especially considered. 相似文献
9.
Observations made with a scanning electron microscope of the claw horn and underlying soft tissues of young pigs fed a normal diet supplemented with 1 mg d-biotin/kg of feed were compared with observations on a similar group receiving no additional biotin. Supplementary biotin affected the structure of the coronary epidermis; there was an increase in the density of the horn tubules in the stratum medium, the horny squames in the stratum medium were more tightly packed and the tubules were more clearly defined in the pigs receiving biotin. The width of the band of intertubular horn adjacent to the laminae was greater in the claws of control pigs. 相似文献
10.
Peripartum events, rectal palpation findings, histological and bacteriological results of endometrial biopsy, and postpartum disease variables were included in a path analysis of reproductive performance for 55 Holstein-Friesian cows from one herd. Both logistic and least squares regression were used. Based on this model, dystocia had both direct and indirect sparing associations on poor reproductive performance. A larger corpus luteum on the ovary ipsilateral to the previously non-gravid horn at Day 26 postpartum indirectly was associated with a decreased likelihood of poor reproductive performance through reduced isolation of Actinomyces pyogenes from the uterus and reduced inflammation in the stratum compactum. In the model, A. pyogenes indirectly increased poor reproductive performance through reduced number of lymphocytic foci and increased inflammation in the stratum compactum at Day 26. Increased numbers of lymphocytic foci had a direct sparing effect on poor reproduction. Stratum compactum inflammation was associated with a direct and indirect increase in the likelihood that a cow would experience poor reproductive performance via increased occurrence of cystic ovarian disease. Presence of a larger follicle on the ovary ipsilateral to the previously gravid horn had a direct beneficial effect on reproductive performance. 相似文献
11.
Two day old piglets were inoculated intravenously with 1 ml of swine vesicular disease virus UK-G 27-72 isolate. Using infectivity tests, immunofluorescent staining and gross and histopathological examination, pathogenesis of the infection was studied in tissue specimens collected daily from one through seven days postinoculation. Swine vesicular disease virus had a strong affinity for the epithelia of the tongue, snout, coronary band and lips, the myocardium and the lymphoid elements of the tonsil and the brain stem. The virus had the greatest affinity for the epithelium of the tongue. However, there was no evidence that the tongue was the initial replication site for swine vesicular disease virus. Prickle cells in the stratum spinosum appear to be the primary targets for the virus. The necrotic foci in the stratum spinosum appeared first, followed the next day by reticular degeneration and multilocular intraepidermal vesicular formation. In the digestive tract and most of the other visceral organs the short duration and sudden drop of the virus titres and the negative fluorescence and pathological findings suggest that these are not important sites for the replication of swine vesicular disease virus in this experiment. The virus was recovered from most of the central nervous tissue specimens. Although the piglets had significant central nervous system lesions, signs of impaired central nervous system function were not detected. However, subtle nervous signs could have been obscured by difficulties in locomotion resulting from severe lesions of the feet. 相似文献
12.
R Schwarz J M Le Roux R Schaller K Neurand 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1979,46(2):105-109
Grossly, the skin of the dog is characterized by varying thicknesses, density of the hair coat and the implantation angle of the hairs. Multiple folds varying in shape are formed by the epidermis and the papillary layer of the corium. The epidermis consists of a stratum profundum with a continuous layer of basal cells, a stratum spinosum consisting of 3-6 cell layers, a stratum superficiale with single granulosa and "lucidum" cells and a well-developed stratum corneum. The corium shows a narrow stratum papillare corli containing delicate fibres and a broad stratum reticulare corii with mainly coarse fibre bundles. The subcutis is divided into adipose and fibrous layers. The broad adipose layer displays breed and individual differences which vary with the region of the body. The fibrous layer corresponds to the connective tissue layer, formerly described as fascia trunci superficialis. The morphological and functional unity of the corium and subcutis is discussed. 相似文献
13.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate morphologic changes of the stratum internum of hooves from near-term fetal, newborn, and yearling horses. ANIMALS: Feet from 27 near-term equine fetuses, 19 newborn foals, and 8 yearlings. PROCEDURES: Primary epidermal laminae (PEL) of the stratum internum were examined for evidence of architectural changes. RESULTS: In near-term fetuses, the PEL had a homogeneous appearance and symmetric distribution around the hoof wall with no significant differences in PEL density between the toe and quarters. However after birth, branched laminae at the toe formed within the first few weeks, which significantly increased PEL density at the toe, compared with the quarters. In yearlings, morphology of the PEL differed from that in younger foals and the PEL density was significantly greater at the toe than the quarters. The PEL density at the toe and medial and lateral quarters was significantly different from each other, as these PEL densities appeared to have been associated with conformation. No significant differences in PEL densities between forefeet and hind feet were detected in any group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Findings indicate that the stratum internum of the inner hoof wall undergoes several morphologic changes shortly after birth. The PEL become branched with a greater PEL density at the toe than the quarters. In an asymmetric foot, more PEL were associated with the sloping side than the steep side of the foot. Findings suggested that PEL growth may also occur by bifurcation as well as by mitosis from the coronet and that wall stress may be associated with increased PEL density. 相似文献
14.
J P Sundberg D L Hill E S Williams S W Nielsen 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(10):2200-2206
Cutaneous fibromas of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), when compared with normal skin of the same species, had a thinner basement membrane; thickened stratum spinosum with numerous melanocytes, desmosomes, polyribosomes, and tonofilaments; focal hyperplasia of the stratum granulosum containing numerous large, electron-dense keratohyalin granules with irregular borders and containing occasional cells with diffuse intranuclear virus particles; and a moderately thickened stratum corneum with (although rarely) small crystalline arrays of virus particles. Normal mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) skin was structurally similar to that of the white-tailed deer. Mule deer fibromas were similar to those in white-tailed deer, except for diffuse thickening of the stratum granulosum (the cells of which contained large keratohyalin granules of various electron densities with occasional composite granules) and except for a markedly thickened stratum corneum that contained numerous intranuclear viral inclusions. In negatively stained homogenates of tumors from both deer species, viral particles resembled papillomaviruses. 相似文献
15.
The ostrich foot has four toepads, two on the 3rd digit, one on the 4th digit and one at metatarso-phalangeal joint. Previous studies have not detailed the histo-morphological structure of these toepads. In this study, we have described the macroscopic and microscopic structures of the toepad of ostrich (Struthio camelus). Numerous papillae with different direction, length and thickness have been observed grossly on the ventral surface of each toepad. Histological examinations have revealed that the epidermis of the ostrich toepad, similar to other digitigrades, consists of an outer stratum corneum and an inner stratum germinativum (which is subdivided into basal, intermediate and transitional layers). The stratum corneum has several layers of flattened horny cells. The nuclei of basal cells have several mitotic figures. The cytoplasm of the stratum germinativum cells has multiple lipid droplets and multigranular bodies (in transitional cells only). Scanning electron microscopic examination revealed presence of collagen fibers in mid and deep dermis of each toepad. These fibers run parallel and connect to each other by very thin fibrils which are branched, crossed with each other in an oblique direction. Such arrangement of these collagen fibers, thin fibrils and presence of digital cushion are likely to be responsible for the protection of the underlying soft tissues and absorption of concussion. 相似文献
16.
The biopsies of normal lumbar and dorsal thoracic pig epidermis and dermis are described ultrastructurally at one, three, five, seven, nine and fourteen weeks and compared to the human integument. In the epidermis, basal cell projections extended into the dermis and increased slightly with age. Intraepidermal axons were seen. The basal lamina thickened opposite the hemidesmosomes of the epidermal-dermal junction. Small anchoring fibrils extended from the basal lamina into the dermis. Mitochondria were concentrated beneath the cellular nuclei of the stratum basale. Upper stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum cells contained membrane coating granules. The stratum corneum contained cells of varying density. The only intraepidermal nonkeratinocytes observed were melanocytes and Langerhans-like cells. Both were similar to those of humans. In the dermis, the interfollicular muscle resembled the arrector pili and smooth muscle found in other body areas. Nerve fibers were similar to those described in humans except subepidermal nerve endings contained mitochondria. One unexpected finding was the presence of mast cells which were enveloped by a zone of loose floccular material which stained positive with PAS from seven through fourteen weeks of age. Mast cell population density peaked at seven weeks and was greater in the papillary dermis than in the reticular dermis. Generally, the pig integument is morphologically similar to that of man and would serve as a useful animal model when age changes are accounted for. 相似文献
17.
In this study, we conducted a light microscopic and ultrastructural analysis of the integument of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius). In general, the epidermal strata of the camel integument appeared typical of those found in non-desert mammals. Two cell populations were noted in the stratum basale: one with a flat, non-serrated base and the other with a highly serrated base. Typical fine structure was observed in keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum. The stratum corneum was six to 10 cells thick. Within the different strata, overall cell morphologies and the general distribution and relative abundance of cellular organelles appeared typical. Dermal features included the presence of myoepithelial cells surrounding apocrine tubular glands. Inter- or intracellular canaliculi within the secretory cells of the apocrine glands, reported to be present in certain other non-desert mammals, were not evident in the camel. Together, these data indicate that while the camel is clearly adapted for a desert lifestyle, these adaptations do not include significant specializations at the cellular or subcellular level in the integument. 相似文献
18.
Hazen PG Jeromin A Lesh A Lewandowski A Dunstan RW Petrelli M Davis B Jaworsky C 《Veterinary dermatology》2007,18(1):23-28
Primary inherited disorders of cornification in veterinary medicine are uncommon and rarely reported. Herein described is a unique syndrome associated with keratoderma that occurred in two Bennett's wallaby siblings (Macropus rufogriseus), and was characterized by profound thickening of the pad skin of all feet, generalized scaling of haired skin, and death within 7 weeks of out-of-pouch experience. The male also had depressed serum zinc levels. In addition, the male had, on electron microscopic exam of his skin, the presence of abnormal lipid deposits within the stratum corneum and stratum granulosum. The combination of clinical features and electron microscopic findings strongly suggests a syndrome analogous to harlequin ichthyosis or lamellar ichthyosis in humans. 相似文献
19.
Levine JM Budke CM Levine GJ Kerwin SC Hettlich BF Slater MR 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,233(6):931-935
Objective-To evaluate changes over time in owner-perceived, weighted quality-of-life assessments in dogs with spinal cord injuries and determine whether scores were associated with underlying etiology or with veterinarian-assigned scores for severity of neurologic dysfunction. Design-Cohort study. Animals-100 dogs with spinal cord injury. Procedures-Duration of dysfunction, modified Frankel neurologic injury score, and etiology were recorded. At initial and recheck (4- to 6-week) evaluations, owners were asked to identify 5 areas or activities they believed had the most influence on their dogs' quality of life, assess their dogs' current status in each area, and provide a weighting for the importance of each area; results were used to construct a weighted quality-of-life score. Owners were also asked to provide a quality-of-life score with a visual analog scale (VAS). Results-At initial and recheck evaluations, weighted quality-of-life scores were higher for ambulatory than for nonambulatory dogs. However, scores did not differ among groups when dogs were grouped on the basis of underlying etiology or duration of injury. Dogs with an increase in Frankel score between the initial and recheck evaluations had a significant increase in weighted quality-of-life score, whereas for dogs that did not have any change in Frankel score, initial and recheck weighted quality-of-life scores were not significantly different. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggested that owner-assigned, weighted quality-of-life scores for dogs with spinal cord injuries did not vary significantly on the basis of underlying etiology or duration of injury but were higher for ambulatory than for nonambulatory dogs. 相似文献
20.
Barnes HL Chrisman CL Mariani CL Sims M Alleman AR 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,225(11):1723-1726
OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical signs, results of diagnostic testing, underlying cause, and outcome in cats with seizures. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 17 cats with seizures. PROCEDURE: Only those cats in which an underlying metabolic abnormality causing the seizures had been identified, diagnostic imaging of the brain and CSF analysis had been done, or a necropsy had been performed were included. Seizures were classified as being a result of metabolic disease, symptomatic epilepsy (ie, epilepsy resulting from a structural lesion of the brain), or probably symptomatic epilepsy (ie, epilepsy without any extracranial or identifiable intracranial disease that is not suspected to be genetic in origin). RESULTS: 3 cats had seizures associated with an underlying metabolic disease (hepatic encephalopathy), 7 had symptomatic epilepsy (3 with neoplasia and 4 with meningoencephalitis), and 7 had probably symptomatic epilepsy. Six of the 7 cats with symptomatic epilepsy died or were euthanatized within 3 months after the diagnosis was made, whereas 6 of the 7 cats with probably symptomatic epilepsy survived for at least 12 months after the diagnosis was made. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that cats with probably symptomatic epilepsy may have a good long-term prognosis. 相似文献