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1.
Vitamin D-deficient rats produce [(3)H]1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) from [(3)H]25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) regardless of dietary content of calcium or phosphate. A daily dose of 130 picomoles of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) for a period of 5 days reduces production of [(3)H]1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) to essentially zero and stimulates production of [(3)H]24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). A daily dose of 325 picomoles of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) has a similar but less dramatic effect. On the other hand, 650 picomoles daily of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) given to vitamin D-deficient rats had no effect. Thus it appears that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) is an important factor in the regulation of kidney metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3). 相似文献
2.
Specific binding of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) was found in nuclear and cytosol fractions of the bovine pituitary. For nuclear binding. the dissociation constant was 0.1 namomole per liter, and maximum binding was 104 femtomoles per milligram of protein. In competition studies, 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) was 300 times weaker than 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). The existence of high-affinity sites supports a physiologic role for 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in the pituitary. 相似文献
3.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-responsive element and glucocorticoid repression in the osteocalcin gene 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
N A Morrison J Shine J C Fragonas V Verkest M L McMenemy J A Eisman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4934):1158-1161
The active hormonal form of vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH), which regulates cellular replication and function in many tissues and has a role in bone and calcium homeostasis, acts through a hormone receptor homologous with other steroid and thyroid hormone receptors. A 1,25(OH)2D3-responsive element (VDRE), which is within the promoter for osteocalcin [a bone protein induced by 1,25(OH)2D3] is unresponsive to other steroid hormones, can function in a heterologous promoter, and contains a doubly palindromic DNA sequence (TTGGTGACTCACCGGGTGAAC; -513 to -493 bp), with nucleotide sequence homology to other hormone responsive elements. The potent glucocorticoid repression of 1,25(OH)2D3 induction and of basal activity of this promoter acts through a region between -196 and +34 bp, distinct from the VDRE. 相似文献
4.
Makishima M Lu TT Xie W Whitfield GK Domoto H Evans RM Haussler MR Mangelsdorf DJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5571):1313-1316
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the effects of the calcemic hormone 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. We show that VDR also functions as a receptor for the secondary bile acid lithocholic acid (LCA), which is hepatotoxic and a potential enteric carcinogen. VDR is an order of magnitude more sensitive to LCA and its metabolites than are other nuclear receptors. Activation of VDR by LCA or vitamin D induced expression in vivo of CYP3A, a cytochrome P450 enzyme that detoxifies LCA in the liver and intestine. These studies offer a mechanism that may explain the proposed protective effects of vitamin D and its receptor against colon cancer. 相似文献
5.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: a novel immunoregulatory hormone 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
The hormonal form of vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], at picomolar concentrations, inhibited the growth-promoting lymphokine interleukin-2, which is produced by human T lymphocytes activated in vitro by the mitogen phytohemagglutinin. Other metabolites of vitamin D3 were less effective than 1,25(OH)2D3 in suppressing interleukin-2; their order of potency corresponded to their respective affinity for the 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor, suggesting that the effect on interleukin-2 was mediated by this specific receptor. The proliferation of mitogen-activated lymphocytes was also inhibited by 1,25(OH)2D3. This effect of the hormone became more pronounced at later stages of the culture. These findings demonstrate that 1,25(OH)2D3 is an immunoregulatory hormone. 相似文献
6.
Solution conformations of the A and seco B rings of vitamin D(3), 1(alpha), 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3), 1(alpha)-hydroxyvitamin D(3), and dihydrotachysterol(3) have been established by high resolution, 300-megahertz proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The A ring of these steroids is dynamically equilibrated between two chair conformers. For vitamin D(3), 1(alpha)-hydroxyvitamin D(3), and 1(alpha),25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) the relative proportions of the two conformers are 1 : 1, whereas dihydrotachysterol3 exists principally as only one conformer. Thus, the substituent groups on the A ring may be either equatorially or axially oriented, and suggests a refinement of the existing topological model for vitamin D hormonal activity. 相似文献
7.
Rats maintained on a low phosphorus diet supplemented with 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) show high intestinal calcium transport activity as compared to rats similarly treated but fed a diet containing adequate phosphorus. This increased transport activity is correlated with an increased biosynthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3), the probable metabolically active form of the vitamin in the intestine. 相似文献
8.
D P McDonnell D J Mangelsdorf J W Pike M R Haussler B W O'Malley 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,235(4793):1214-1217
Vitamin D3 receptors are intracellular proteins that mediate the nuclear action of the active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. Two receptor-specific monoclonal antibodies were used to recover the complementary DNA (cDNA) of this regulatory protein from a chicken intestinal lambda gt11 cDNA expression library. The amino acid sequences that were deduced from this cDNA revealed a highly conserved cysteine-rich region that displayed homology with a domain characteristic of other steroid receptors and with the gag-erbA oncogene product of avian erythroblastosis virus. RNA selected via hybridization with this DNA sequence directed the cell-free synthesis of immunoprecipitable vitamin D3 receptor. Northern blot analysis of polyadenylated RNA with these cDNA probes revealed two vitamin D receptor messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of 2.6 and 3.2 kilobases in receptor-containing chicken tissues and a major cross-hybridizing receptor mRNA species of 4.2 kilobases in mouse 3T6 fibroblasts. The 4.2-kilobase species was substantially increased by prior exposure of 3T6 cells to 1,25(OH)2D3. This cDNA represents perhaps the rarest mRNA cloned to date in eukaryotes, as well as the first receptor sequence described for an authentic vitamin. 相似文献
9.
Target cells for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in intestinal tract, stomach, kidney, skin, pituitary, and parathyroid 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
After mature rats that had been fed on a vitamin D3-deficient diet were injected with tritium-labeled 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, radioactivity became concentrated in nuclei of luminal and cryptal epithelium of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon; in nuclei of the epithelium of kidney distal tubules including the macula densa, and in podocytes of glomeruli; in nuclei of the epidermis including outer hairshafts and sebaceous glands; and in nuclei of certain cells of the stomach, anterior and posterior pituitary, and parathyroid. These results reveal cell types that contain receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or metabolites of this compound both in known or hypothesized target tissues and in tissues that were previously unknown to participate in vitamin D3 metabolism. 相似文献
10.
猪库布病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立及湖北省流行病学初步调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据猪库布病毒的3 D基因设计1对引物,建立了两步法RT-PCR检测方法,使用该方法分别对CSFV、PRRSV、JEV、SIV、PEDV、TGEV、GARV阳性模板及包含猪肠道病毒3 D基因和口蹄疫病毒3 D基因的重组质粒进行PCR检测,结果从以上9种常见猪病病原的阳性模板中均不能扩增出323bp大小的PCR产物,说明该检测方法的特异性很好,能够用作临床样品的检测。敏感性试验显示,本试验建立的检测方法能够检测到的模板最低质量浓度为180fg/mL。应用该方法对湖北省各大猪场进行了临床病料检测,在采集的165份病料中有118份样品检测为猪库布病毒阳性。在4个发生腹泻疫情的规模化猪场进行了分群抽样调查,结果显示,猪库布病毒在猪群中集中分布在发生腹泻疫情的猪群,说明猪库布病毒和现阶段的腹泻疫情有紧密的联系。 相似文献
11.
25-Hydroxycholecalciferol stimulates release of previously incorporated calcium-45 from fetal rat bones in doses of 0.9 to 27 units per milliliter. This effect cannot be produced by much larger doses of vitamin D(3). Comparison of stimulation of bone resorption by 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and parathyroid hormone reveals similarities with respect to time course, dose-response slope, and inhibition by calcitonin. 相似文献
12.
Vitamin D deficiency inhibits pancreatic secretion of insulin 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
The effects of a vitamin D deficiency on insulin and glucagon release was determined in the isolated perfused rat pancreas by radioimmunoassay of the secreted proteins. During a 30-minute period of perfusion with glucose and arginine, pancreases from vitamin D-deficient rats exhibited a 48 percent reduction in insulin secretion compared to that for pancreases from vitamin D-deficient rats that had been replenished with vitamin D. Vitamin D status had no effect on pancreatic glucagon secretion. This result, along with the previously demonstrated presence in the pancreas of a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein and cytosol receptor for the hormonal form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, indicates an important role for vitamin D in the endocrine functioning of the pancreas. 相似文献
13.
【目的】由芸薹根肿菌（Plasmodiophora brassicae）侵染引起的十字花科根肿病是一种世界性土传病害,病原菌长期存在于土壤中,对十字花科作物造成严重威胁。改良叠氮溴化丙锭（propidium monoazide xx,PMAxx）可选择性地穿透受损的死细胞膜,并抑制死细胞DNA的实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）扩增。本文将PMAxx与qPCR技术相结合,建立一种快速检测芸薹根肿菌活菌的方法,为根肿病的早期诊断及制定科学的防控措施提供依据。【方法】配置浓度分别为0、5、10、20、40、60 µmol·L-1的叠氮溴化丙锭PMA和改良叠氮溴化丙锭PMAxx,比较两种核酸染料对芸薹根肿菌死细胞DNA扩增的抑制效果,确定最佳核酸染料及工作浓度;设置光照时间分别为0、2、5、10、15和20 min,进行最佳光照时间的优化,建立芸薹根肿菌活细胞PMAxx-qPCR快速检测体系。设置芸薹根肿菌活孢子百分比为0、0.01%、0.1%、1%、10%、25%、50%、75%和100%的混合体系,验证PMAxx-qPCR体系的准确性,并应用于田间土壤样本中芸薹根肿菌活孢子的定量检测。【结果】PMAxx对芸薹根肿菌死细胞DNA的扩增抑制效果更好,当芸薹根肿菌浓度为1×108个孢子/mL,PMAxx预处理的最适终浓度为4 µmol·L-1,最佳光照时间为10 min时,可有效地抑制死孢子DNA的扩增,仅以有活力孢子DNA为靶标选择性地扩增。利用PMAxx-qPCR技术检测已知不同活孢子比例的菌悬液样品,各样品实测孢子存活率和理论存活率之间呈正相关（R2=0.992）。对田间采集的25份土壤样本,采用PMAxx-qPCR方法检测到11份样本中携带芸薹根肿菌,活细胞DNA浓度为32.35—6.97×103 fg·g-1。【结论】建立了基于PMAxx-qPCR的芸薹根肿菌活细胞定量检测技术,该技术具有快速、准确、灵敏的特点,解决了qPCR不能仅对活体病原菌进行准确鉴别和定量分析的问题,为制定有效的根肿病防控策略提供了依据。 相似文献
14.
[目的]研究发情淡季母水牛生殖激素的变化规律及各激素之间的相互关系。[方法]采用酶联免疫分析方法(ELISA)测定了发情淡季广西沼泽母水牛血样中促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、抑制素(INH)、雌二醇(E2)和孕酮(P4)的浓度变化,并结合B超技术检测了母水牛卵泡在发情周期中的变化。[结果]广西沼泽型母水牛血样中E2和P4浓度呈波动式变化。其中,E2分别在排卵后第13天d下降到基础水平。FSH在排卵后的第10天出现峰值;LH在排卵前2天出现峰值;INH在排卵后第4天出现峰值。各种激素之间存在相关性。FSH、LH和INH三者两两之间存在极显著相关性,INH与E2、P4存在显著相关性,E2与P4存在极显著相关性。[结论]该研究可为指导适时配种、提高广西本地沼泽型母水牛的繁殖力提供理论参考。 相似文献
15.
The administration of vita-min D(3) to rachitic chicks induces in intestinal mucosal tissue the formation or elaboration of a calcium-binding factor which is found in the supernatant of the mucosal homogenate. The enhanced binding of Ca by the "vitanmin D" supernatant (in contrast to "rachitic" supernatant) was indicated by a slower rate of diffusion of Ca(45) across a cellophane dialyzing membrane and by a lesser amount of Ca(45) being bound to an ion-exchange resin (Chelex-100) in the presence of vitamiiin D(3) supernatant. The binding activity was only associated with the protein fraction from a Sephadex G-25 column and was destroyed by trypsin digestion. This and other evidence suggest that the soluble factor is a protein. The vitamin D(3)-enhanced duodenal absorption of Ca(47) in rachitic chicks occurred almost simultaneously with the appearance of the vitamin D(3)-induced factor, and there was good correlation between the concentration of binding factor and the rate of absorption of Ca(47). 相似文献
16.
A radioimmune assay for the arthropod molting hormone, ecdysterone, has been developed. The sensitivity of the assay is 200 picograms or 25 times the maximum sensitivity of the bioassay. Closely related steroids also bind the anti-body, but with lower affinities. 相似文献
17.
应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫方法检测仿刺参病原菌——黄海希瓦氏菌AP629 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
“化皮病”是当前仿刺参养殖的最严重的疾病,导致大量死亡,严重影响我国水产养殖的经济效益。以仿刺参病原菌--黄海希瓦氏菌(Shewanella smarflavi)AP629兔源多克隆抗体和鼠源单克隆抗体3D9分别作为包被抗体和检测抗体,建立了黄海希瓦氏菌AP629的双抗体夹心ELISA快速检测方法。多克隆抗体和单抗3D9的最佳稀释倍数分别为1∶400和1∶80,该方法特异性强,与弧菌、气单胞菌、爱德华氏菌、大肠杆菌等均无交叉反应,检测灵敏度高。以PBS和仿刺参体壁匀浆上清液为悬菌介质的最低检出限分别为104 cells/mL和106 cells/mL。对人工感染黄海希瓦氏菌的10头仿刺参进行检测,其检测结果均为阳性,稳定性和重复性良好。该方法的建立有助于快速准确地诊断由黄海希瓦氏菌AP629引起的仿刺参疾病。 相似文献
18.
基于FDA-PI双荧光复染法的茄病镰刀菌孢子活性检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】茄病镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）孢子活性的检测是病害有效防控的基础。传统的孢子萌发法操作复杂,耗时费力,需要建立一种简便、快速的孢子活性检测方法。研究旨在建立基于荧光素二乙酸酯（fluorescein diacetate,FDA）-碘化丙啶（propidium iodide,PI）双荧光复染法和流式细胞术（flow cytometry,FCM）的茄病镰刀菌孢子活性检测技术。【方法】通过测定FDA和PI的最佳染色时间和最佳工作浓度,建立茄病镰刀菌孢子活性检测的FDA-PI复染法。为评价该方法的准确性,一方面用FDA-PI法检测已知死孢子比例（0、25%、50%、75%、100%）的茄病镰刀菌样品,分析实测死亡率和理论死亡率的相关性;另一方面,经物理、化学和杀菌剂处理后,比较FDA-PI复染法和孢子萌发法的检测结果。【结果】确定了FDA和PI的最佳染色参数,其中PI的最佳工作浓度为3 µg·mL-1,最佳染色时间为4℃处理10 min;FDA的最佳工作浓度为100 µg·mL-1,最佳染色时间为25℃处理20 min。用该技术检测已知死孢子比例样品,各样品实测孢子死亡率和理论死亡率之间呈极显著正相关（R2=0.99,P＜0.05）。经物理和化学处理后,FDA-PI复染法测得的孢子死亡率与孢子萌发法测得的孢子萌发率之间也呈显著负相关（R2=0.99,P＜0.05）。经杀菌剂处理后,随着药剂浓度增高,对茄病镰刀菌杀灭效果增强。其中,氰胺化钙处理后,FDA-PI复染法和孢子萌发法检测孢子死亡率结果一致;而咯菌腈和多菌灵处理后,FDA-PI复染法检测孢子死亡率略低于孢子萌发法检测结果。【结论】建立了基于FDA-PI复染法和流式细胞术的茄病镰刀菌孢子活性检测技术,该技术可以替代传统的孢子萌发方法,大幅度缩减病原菌活性检测时间,提高检测效率,对植物病原真菌活性检测平台的建立具有重要的参考价值,将其应用于杀菌剂的筛选还需要进一步的深入研究。 相似文献
19.
植物激素对百合鳞片愈伤组织生长的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
在植物细胞全能性学说的基础上 ,采用单因子实验 ,分析比较了细胞分裂素 6- BA,生长素 2 ,4 - D,生长素 NAA等 3种植物激素对路易圣特百合鳞茎愈伤组织生长的影响。实验结果表明 ,诱导愈伤的最佳培养基为 MS+6- BA( 0 .0 5mg.L-1) +2 ,4 - D( 1.0 mg.L-1) +NAA( 0 .1mg.L-1) ,6- BA的质量浓度为 1.0 mg.L-1时有利于芽的形成 ,NAA质量浓度为 0 .0 5mg.L-1时有利于形成小鳞茎 相似文献
20.
[目的]克隆猪生长激素启动子,确定其启动子核心序列和主要的顺式作用元件。[方法]根据NCBI上公布的序列设计引物,PCR扩增了猪生长激素5’端-1 821～+61 bp的序列,并通过移步缺失的方法,获得9段长短不一的启动子序列,将其分别构建到双荧光素酶表达载体pGL3-basic上。通过重组质粒瞬时转染大鼠垂体瘤细胞(GH3)、猪髋动脉血管内皮细胞(PIEC)和猪肾细胞(PK15)和转染后细胞荧光素酶活性的测定,检测这些5’末端缺失质粒在垂体及非垂体细胞中的相对转录活性。[结果]成功扩增了猪GH基因5’上游启动区1 882 bp的片段,并构建了9个pGL3-mGH promoter报告基因载体;双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统证实插入报告基因载体中的启动子具有非常强的细胞特异性。[结论]猪生长激素特异性在垂体细胞中表达,其最小启动子位于-110 bp以内,启动子区-218～-110 bp和-429～-218 bp间存在正向调控元件。 相似文献