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中国菜用大豆的种植制度和品种类型 总被引：12，自引：6，他引：12
中国有种植菜用大豆的悠久历史。近10几年来，中国逐步成为世界上菜用大豆的主要出口国。中国菜用大豆有单作、单套作和田埂豆等种植形式，种植制度相当复杂。春毛豆是中国菜用大豆的主要生态类型，夏、秋毛豆在南方也普遍种植。虽然中国大陆有丰富的大豆种质资源，但生产上所用的菜用大豆品种大部分是从日本和台湾省引进的。目前急需抗病性强的春毛豆和品质优良的夏、秋毛豆品种。文中还介绍了中国菜用大豆的生产情况，并分析了发展前景。 相似文献
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发展大豆生产提高大豆自给率──浙江省大豆生产现状及发展展望浙江省农业厅农作局严兆南一、浙江省大豆生产现状大豆是我省重要的旱粮作物之一。因品种类型和播种时期的不同，在耕作制中有春大豆、夏大豆、秋大豆三种类型。浙江省种植大豆历史悠久，品种资源十分丰富，有... 相似文献
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湖洼地秋作物较适宜夏大豆种植。实践证明，夏大豆迎茬种植较正茬减产幅度和对性状影响均较大。通过培能地力，深松土壤等一系列栽培措施，较好地解决了迎茬所造成的减产问题，从而使夏大豆迎茬种植获得高产。 相似文献
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安徽省大豆生产现状及特点 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本文概述了安徽省大豆种植的分布及建国后50年的大豆生产发展概况，较详细地论述了安徽省大豆生产的九大特点：（1）大豆种植遍布全省；（2）以夏大豆生产为主；（3）以一年多熟制为主；（4）是我国高蛋白大豆主产区；（5）集约化种植水平较低，品种类型多；（6）加工利用尚处于初级阶段；（7）品种资源丰富；（8）大豆育种水平先进；（9）大豆栽培新技术的推广促进了生产发展。文中还指出了安徽省大豆生产中应注意的几个问题。 相似文献
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阜阳地区位于安徽省西北部,黄淮海的南端,是盛产旱粮农业大区。大豆是该区传统的种植作物,历史上种植面积占耕地面积的一半。近年来,虽受种植业结构调整、发展玉米、水稻、夏棉等作物影响,但今年夏大豆种植面积仍达344万亩,占全省夏大豆种植面积的50％以上,占全国大豆种植面积的3％左右。阜阳地区长期注重发展夏大豆生产,社会、经济效益十分显著。一是全区土壤越种越肥,有机质含量已由原来的1％上升到1.3％。提高了土壤肥力,达到用地养地长用不衰的目的。二是为发展畜牧业提供了充足的优质饲料。全区畜牧业发展迅速,已成为全国著名的畜牧业生产基地。三是丰富了菜蓝子,缓解了城乡居民蛋白质摄入不足的 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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