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Few records are available about local Tunisian pear cultivars characterized by low chilling requirements and adaptation to dry conditions. In this work, seven SSRs derived from apple were successfully transferred to 25 local Tunisian pear genotypes and 6 common varieties of Pyrus communis cultivated in Europe. The 7 SSRs used amplified a total of 36 fragments. All the microsatellites except one seem to amplify more than one locus in some of the genotypes studied. Only 12 different fingerprinting patterns could be distinguished among the 25 Tunisian cultivars studied indicating a high number of synonymies. The mean expected and observed heterozygosities in the 25 Tunisian cultivars analyzed averaged 0.71 indicating a high level of genetic diversity among the local Tunisian pear germplasm. These markers will be useful to optimize the conservation of this highly threatened germplasm. 相似文献
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葡萄霜霉病菌侵染抗病和感病品种过程的组织学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用苯胺蓝染色结合扫描电镜的方法,观察葡萄霜霉病菌(Plasmopara viticola)在葡萄感病品种‘红提’和抗病品种‘北玫’中的侵染过程,发现两品种从接菌到显症的过程基本一致,但孢子囊伸出气孔的时间、伸出孢囊梗气孔比例、孢囊梗数量及孢囊梗分支,‘红提’比‘北玫’多;菌丝在‘北玫’上生长速度慢,后期生长量也较少。‘红提’的潜育期为4 d,而‘北玫’的为5 d,‘红提’和‘北玫’的长菌丝、分支的长菌丝、疏松菌丝体出现的时间也不同。菌丝生长一段时间后,在‘北玫’上停留在疏松菌丝体阶段,而‘红提’96 h时叶片组织内长满致密的菌丝体。两品种在初生菌丝和长菌丝阶段产生吸器的频率差异显著。 相似文献
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S. Anuntalabhochai S. Sitthiphrom W. Thongtaksin M. Sanguansermsri R.W. Cutler 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
The tropical flower Curcuma alismatifolia of the family Zingiberaceae is widely valued as a cut flower and potted plant due to its range of vibrant colors and large long-lasting inflorescences. Much of this diversity has been cultivated through extensive hybridization of wild varieties since hybrids often exhibit dramatic phenotypic differences from the parents. This phenotypic diversity though has led to difficulties identifying and classifying the relatedness of Curcuma varieties particularly between hybrids. One Curcuma variety called ‘Patumma’ is of particular importance since it has strong stalks, large symmetric inflorescences, is moderately resistant to fungal blight, has a high yield, and has been used to produce numerous high quality hybrids. Since Patumma is one of the key Curcuma varieties from which many hybrid crosses and induced mutation varieties were developed, we chose it as a target to be characterized using a molecular marker. Starting with a set of 11 unique decamer primers, polymorphic bands ranging from 100 to 2500 base pairs were used to examine 20 Curcuma varieties from which banding patterns of interest were selected for conversion to the more reproducible and robust sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. In particular, one SCAR marker amplified a region 600 bp in length which was conserved in all Patumma varieties and hybrids and as an independent test did not amplify an additional series of 24 distinct Curcuma varieties. Since new varieties of Curcuma are often dissimilar from their progenitors, this genomic analysis allows a cost-effective morphologically independent characterization of Curcuma hybrids. 相似文献
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Some traditional peach varieties, originated from the region of Aragón (Spain), were analysed by SSRs (simple sequence repeats). The aim of this research was to characterize 19 clones related to Miraflores variety, with unknown pedigrees, to assess their genetic diversity and to elucidate their possible relationships with 10 traditional peach varieties. Twenty SSR primer pairs with high levels of polymorphism, which have been previously developed for peach, were used in this study. A total of 46 alleles were obtained for all the microsatellites studied, ranging from one to six alleles per locus, with a mean value of 2.3 alleles per locus. Fourteen SSRs were polymorphic in the set of varieties studied and permitted to distinguish 16 different genotypes out of the 30 initially studied, although fourteen ‘Miraflores’ clones showed identical gel profiles. The genetic distance matrix was used to construct neighbor joining cluster and to perform principal coordinate analysis which allowed the arrangement of all the genotypes according to their genetic relationships. The genetic relationships among these traditional peach varieties, and in particular among ‘Miraflores’ clones are discussed. The obtained results confirm that microsatellite markers are very useful for these purpose. 相似文献
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应用SSR标记进行部分黄肉桃种质鉴定和亲缘关系分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以116份黄肉桃种质和19份其它桃或桃近缘种种质为试材,利用定位于李属参考图谱上的SSR标记,进行遗传多样性评价及亲缘关系分析。SSR扩增结果表明,筛选出的28对SSR引物共扩增出206个等位基因,其中多态性等位基因159个（占76.56%）。聚类结果表明,在相似系数为0.82时,黄肉桃资源在聚类图上呈两组：美洲、欧洲和亚洲育成黄桃品种聚为一组（Ⅰ）,中国地方黄桃品种中唯‘西安杏瓤桃’和‘天津黄肉’出现在这一组;来源于云南、华北、西北地区的中国地方黄桃品种聚为另一组（Ⅱ）。在相似系数为0.87时,育成黄桃品种（Ⅰ）分为8个亚组,美洲育成品种分布在所有8个亚组中,欧洲育成品种分布在Ⅰ-2、Ⅰ-3和Ⅰ-4亚组,而亚洲育成品种仅分布在Ⅰ-3和Ⅰ-4亚组;亲本相同的育成品种在聚类图中临接或出现在较近的位置,育成品种的聚类结果与品种的系谱关系基本吻合。在相似系数为0.87时,中国地方黄桃品种分为7个亚组,西南黄桃和西北黄桃存在一定的组群界限,来自西南的黄桃地方资源主要分布在Ⅱ-1和Ⅱ-5亚组,而来自西北的黄桃地方品种主要出现在Ⅱ-2、Ⅱ-4和Ⅱ-7亚组。品种群的聚类结果表明,亚洲育成品种与美洲育成品种间亲缘关系最近,其次为欧洲育成品种;中国地方黄桃品种与育成品种间亲缘关系较远。 相似文献
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Rania Jbir Néjib Hasnaoui Messaoud Mars Mohamed Marrakchi Mokhtar Trifi 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of DNA was used to characterize 34 pomegranate cultivars. By using a combination of six primers, a total of 327 markers were scored with a mean of 57.5. The high percentage of polymorphic bands (ppb) of 94.7 and the resolving power (Rp) collective rate value of 129.14 were scored. Data proved that the tested primers were informative to discriminate among cultivars and to survey the genetic diversity in this fruit crop. It has been assumed that the local pomegranate germplasm is characterized by a typically continuous genetic diversity. The derived dendrogram proved that cultivars are clustered independently from their geographical origin and their denomination. In addition, AFLP permitted the generation of a nearly unlimited number of molecular markers that are reliable in differentiating the cultivars and/or the polyclonal varieties. 相似文献
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Thiago Luiz Da Mata Monique Inês SegerenAline Segeren Fonseca Carlos Augusto Colombo 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Genetic diversity was evaluated by RAPD markers and morpho-agronomic characters for a total of 42 accessions of Barberton daisy (Gerbera jamesonii) consisting of 29 commercial and 13 wild accessions. A total of 74 polymorphic bands were obtained employing a set of 12 primer pairs. The average genetic similarity coefficient for the 42 accessions, evaluated by Jaccard index was 0.55 ranging from 0.28 to 1.00. The genetic structure found among Barberton daisy accessions was evaluated by hierarchic classification analyses and UPGMA modeling, revealing six clusters of genotypes where two of them include the wild accessions and the remaining four including commercial material, except for wild genotype number 9. Shannon (H′) index was calculated using the molecular markers to investigate the genetic variation among the Gerbera accessions and showed higher values for the commercial cluster in comparison to the values obtained for the individuals from the non-commercial cluster, namely 0.34 versus 0.27, respectively. Therefore, both calculated indices (Jaccard and Shannon) indicated the presence of higher genetic variation among commercial accessions in comparison to the cluster representing non-commercial accessions, suggesting that genetic breeding programs may focus on commercial accessions to recombine interesting genotypes with commercially important and marketing-desired characteristics. 相似文献
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Vipin Kumar Shailendra Sharma Shubham Kero Shiveta Sharma Amit K. Sharma Mukesh Kumar K. Venkataramana Bhat 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
AFLP technique was applied to assess genetic diversity among 44 common bean accessions that included 6 exotic accessions, 15 Indian land races and 23 released varieties. Eight AFLP primer pairs were used that produced 820 products of which 698 were polymorphic (85.12%). Wide variations were observed among all the accessions for the number of amplification products, percent polymorphism and average polymorphism information content (PIC). The Jaccard's similarity indices (J) based on the AFLP profiles were subjected to UPGMA cluster analysis. The dendrogram generated revealed seven major groups. Seventeen out of 23 released varieties were restricted to clusters VI and VII. The value of r = 0.934 in Mantel's test for cophenetic corrlelation applied to the cluster analysis indicated the high fitness of the accessions to a group. The germplasm used in the present study had narrow genetic base, although moderate to high genetic diversity was observed. The details of diversity analysis and the potential use of Indian common bean accessions in common bean breeding programme are provided in the present study. 相似文献
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G. Jahnke J. Májer A. Lakatos J. Györffyné Molnár E. Deák É. Stefanovits-Bányai P. Varga 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
The aim of our work was to investigate the genetic diversity of grapevine with biochemical and molecular markers (isoenzyme and SSR). The isoenzyme patterns of 4 enzyme systems (catechol-oxidase, glutamate-oxalacetate-transaminase, acid phosphatase and peroxidase) and the microsatellite profile in 6 loci (VVS2, VVS16, VVMD7, VMC4A1, VMC4G6, VrZag79) of 48 grapevine varieties were analysed. The results with CO, GOT, AcP and PER enzymes were reproducible and the zymograms obtained from the woody stems were independent from the time of sampling during the dormant period of the grape. Based on the isoenzyme patterns of these 4 enzymes most of the investigated varieties (40/48) were identified. A correlation was found between the isoenzyme patterns and the classification to convarietas of the varieties. It was established, that while the varieties of the convarietas pontica differed from those of the convarietas orientalis and occidentalis, the two latter groups could have not been differentiated from each other. Based on the SSR (simple sequence repeat) analyses 46 of the 48 investigated varieties were identified. Even ‘Pinot blanc’ and ‘Pinot gris’ cultivars belonging to the same conculta (Pinot) could be differentiated in their VMC4A1 locus. 相似文献
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Echinacea is an allogamous genus, thus its cultivars or populations are genetically heterogeneous. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) to estimate the genetic diversity of Echinacea is generally limited by the large number of individual plants and the higher cost that need to be processed. In the present study, effectiveness of several sizes of DNA bulking (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 individuals) with 20, 36 and 55 primer pairs was compared using AFLP in determining the genetic diversity of Echinacea species. The results indicated that the use of bulked DNA-based AFLP analysis by using the selected eight primer pairs was capable of detecting genetic diversity between the tested Echinacea species, provided that the potential presence of low frequency variants was ignored and a possible bias in the estimates of genetic similarity was accepted. The assessments showed that a bulk of 15 individuals could detect sufficient AFLP variations at most genomic sites. Additionally, 20 primer pairs could generate sufficient polymorphic fragments to achieve high resolving power of AFLP for the tested Echinacea species. 相似文献
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不同产地中国李资源遗传多样性SSR分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
利用均匀分布在8个染色体连锁群上的16对SSR引物对来自3类产区的24份中国李品种的遗传多样性进行分析,结果表明：各引物的多态信息含量（PIC）在0.547 ~ 0.783间变化,其中引物CPSCT005最低,引物CPSCT022最高。不同引物间有效等位基因数（Ne）、Nei’s基因多样性（H）和Shannon’s指数（I）分析均存在显著差异,且均为引物CPSCT039最高,引物CPSCT031最低。3类产区所有引物分析表明,Nei’s基因多样性（H）、Shannon’s指数（I）和有效等位基因数（Ne）的关系是：南方品种和北方品种相差不大,均大于国外品种,且南方品种与国外品种先聚到一类。16对SSR引物总共扩出条带86条,其中多态性条带81条,多态性比率为94.19%,平均每对引物扩增位点5.38个。品种聚类分析表明,在遗传距离0.35处,24份中国李材料可分为2大类,大部分北方品种聚为一类,南方品种和国外品种聚为一类,从分子水平支持了以前提出的国外品种起源于中国的说法。 相似文献
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蝴蝶兰若干品种(系)的染色体数和形态分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
采用酶解去壁法，对蝴蝶兰属（Phalaenopsis ）38个品种（系）进行了染色体观察计数和形态分析。结果表明，供试蝴蝶兰的5个品种中有3个四倍体（2n=4x=76），2个三倍体（2n=3x=57）；20个外引品系中有14个四倍体，1个三倍体和5个非整倍体；13个自育品系包括10个四倍体和3个非整倍体。均未见二倍体。不同品种（系）的染色体长度和形态相差较大，存在核型多样性；有21个品种（系）的染色体组全部由小染色体（长度2.5 μm左右）组成，17个品种或品系除了含小染色体外还含有大染色体（长度为5～9.5 μm），染色体大小组成与花色有一定相关性。本文对不同蝴蝶兰品种（系）的染色体倍性、染色体形态及其育性特点进行了分析讨论。 相似文献
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Hüseyin Karataş Dilek Değirmenci Riccardo Velasco Silvia Vezzulli Çağrı Bodur Y. Sabit Ağaoğlu 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
Genotyping of Turkish grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) germplasm was characterized by use of six highly polymorphic microsatellite loci (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VrZAG62, VrZAG79). In this study we aimed to clarify the relationships between homonymous varieties coming from different regions. Our results showed a large degree of genetic variability among most of the homonymous cultivars. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 10 to 21, and gene diversity (expected heterozygosity) values ranged from 0.85 to 0.93. Cultivars presenting the same names of Sergi karas? (sampled from ?anl?urfa and Gaziantep), Yediveren (sampled from ?anl?urfa, Gaziantep, and National Germplasm Repository Vineyard in Tekirda?) and Serpenek?ran (sampled from ?anl?urfa and Gaziantep) were clustered together, or very close to each other, in a phenogram. Moreover, the alleles at the six microsatellite loci analyzed were found to be similar in terms of base pairs within each of these three closely positioned varieties. However, all the other cultivars failed to show a suitable clustering pattern when comparing their DNA profiles and names. Similarly named cultivars were not generally grouped together in the phenogram. On the other hand, we detected a tendency for differently named homonymous grape cultivars to cluster together. 相似文献
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Aniko Horvath Emilie BalseminJean-Claude Barbot Hélène ChristmannGeorges Manzano Patrick ReynetFrédéric Laigret Stéphanie Mariette 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
In the present study, phenotypic variability of 80 plum (Prunus domestica L.) varieties maintained in the French National Plum Collection was evaluated with 19 quantitative traits. In addition, genetic diversity and genetic structure was studied in three plum species (P. domestica L., Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. and Prunus spinosa L.) using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers and five single sequence repeat (SSR) loci. Based on phenotypic traits, some varieties, such as mirabelle plums, grouped together. Bayesian structure analysis was used to identify different genetic groups, whereby damson plums were clearly distinguished from greengage plums. When examining the three species together, a higher level of cpDNA allelic richness was found in P. cerasifera and in P. spinosa than in P. domestica where only five cpDNA haplotypes were detected in the national plum collection, with one main haplotype that accounted for 80% of the varieties studied. P. domestica cpDNA haplotypes tended to group together with P. cerasifera haplotypes whereas most of P. spinosa haplotypes formed a separate cluster. SSR markers were somewhat able to distinguish the three species. These results provide some clues as to the origin of plum and the various plum varieties. Our results also provide useful information for the management of plum genetic resources. 相似文献
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Xiang Luo Zhaoxiang Hao Lefeng Hou Da Cao Jie Zhang 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(6):659-665
Molecular markers are helpful to efficiently protect the plant breeders’ rights. Fluorescent simple sequence repeats (SSR) based on DNA sequencing is a powerful and automated platform for the detection of genetic polymorphism. Here, we first reported 13 SSRs using a fluorescent SSR panel according to the reference genome information, and detected the genetic diversity and population structure of 136 pomegranate varieties. The average number of alleles per locus was 6.31, gene diversity ranged from 0.16 to 0.37 with an average of 0.28, and polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.14 to 0.29 with a mean value of 0.22. The mean genetic distance (GD) between varieties was 0.32. Population structure analysis divided the varieties into three different subpopulations (Q1, Q2, and Q3). The cultivars in Q1 all came from China, and almost all cultivars came from foreign countries combined with Chinese were grouped into Q2. The only accession originated from Myanmar was grouped to Q3. The results indicated that 13 SSR markers were polymorphic. The varieties originating from the same geographical region were more closely related, and extensive gene flow had taken place between the varieties from different regions. The results may be useful for the efficient selection breeding and variety protection. 相似文献
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Use of ISSR markers to assess genetic diversity of African edible seeded Citrullus lanatus landraces
We used the twenty primers to evaluate the genetic variability of 80 individuals belonging to four accessions of edible seeded Citrullus lanatus originated from Côte d’Ivoire. Edible seeded C. lanatus, named “egusi” or “pistachio”, had a great importance in nutrition in West Africa. Nevertheless, due to its neglected status no study to our knowledge has been devoted to its genetic variability using DNA markers. The twenty ISSR primers generated 258 bands among which 252 were polymorphic (97.67%). On the whole, the bands generated revealed three types of profile sharply distinct from each other with minor differences within each type. One profile (P1) was most frequent with 65 individuals. Three accessions (NI084, NI127 and NI145) generated the three types of profile and had medium values of genetic diversity (GD = 0.246–0.275, respectively). On the opposite, the accession NI076 only contained individuals of the most represented type of profile (P1) and had the lowest genetic diversity (GD = 0.055 ± 0.017). The pairwise genetic distance between the 80 individuals varied from 0 to 0.61. The Factorial Component Analysis and the dendrogram clearly separated the 80 individuals into three clusters corresponding to the three types of profile. The results showed that clusters were well separated from each other whereas accessions were not. Our results suggest that high number of individuals should be taken into account for sampling missions and conservation strategies because accessions were not well differentiated from each other. Local agricultural practices consisting of frequent seeds exchanges between farmers and the conservation of harvested seeds for next year culture could be one explanation. 相似文献