共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 453 毫秒
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中国木材资源结构变化与木材科学研究对策 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
我国木材资源形势严峻,现木材年缺口量已达到5000万m3,随着天然林资源的减少以及人口、能源、环境问题的日益突出,木材供求矛盾随之加剧。大力定向培育人工林并对木材资源充分合理利用、高效利用是缓解我国21世纪木材供求矛盾的根本途径,而加强木材科学基础研究是实现人工林定向培育及木材资源高效利用的前提。随着木材资源结构的变化,木材科学研究需要突破传统内涵,开创新的外延,实行一个中心,两个结合的战略研究对策,重点开展以人工林木材性质为中心,及其与营林培育和加工利用相结合的基础研究,为实现林木定向培育和木材资源高效利用,以缓解我国21世纪木材供求矛盾提供科学依据和理论指导。 相似文献
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随着天然林保护工程的实施 ,我国木材资源结构正在进行由主要利用天然林木材到利用人工林木材的转变 .由于人工林木材所含幼龄材比例相当高 ,木材资源结构的变化反过来必将对我国的木材加工工业及林产品工业带来一系列影响 .该文综述了我国木材资源的现状 ,比较了人工林幼龄材与天然林成熟材的木材基本特性 ,探讨了人工林木材性质特征与营林培育的关系 ,阐述了木材质量与不同最终用途之间的关系 ,并对加强开展人工林木材性质的研究提出了几点建议 相似文献
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我国桉树人工林材性和加工利用研究现状与发展趋势 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
概述了桉树人工林发展概况,全面分析了桉树人工林木材性质与加工利用研究现状和存在的问题,指出应该真正将按树人工林育种、栽培措施、木材性质与加工利用结合起来进行研究,实现桉树人工林的定向培育、合理、高效利用。 相似文献
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实施天然林资源保护与木材工业发展若干问题的思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
天然林资源保护是我国生态环境建设的重要组成部分,为此,国家决定于１９９８年启动重点地区天然林资源保护工程。随着天然林资源保护工程的实施,以往主要依靠消耗天然林资源而存在的传统的木材工业将受到极大的冲击。木材工业的发展不得不转向培育和利用集约定向经营的速生丰产人工林。随之而来的是木材原料结构、供给格局都将出现很大的变化,由此而产生的木材工业布局、产品结构、技术装备,乃至整个木材工业的发展也将会发生重大变革和根本性调整。面对新的形势,必须积极探索和开辟面向２１世纪的木材工业与生态环境建设相互协调的发… 相似文献
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随着国家天然林保护工程的实施,人工林木材的利用已成为解决木材供需矛盾的重要途径,杨树以其生长快、干形好、用途广泛等特点而成为我国首选的速生人工林树种。本文简要地分析了杨树木材加工利用的现状,提出了杨树木材加工利用的发展趋势以及合理高效利用的途径。 相似文献
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热带人工用材林研究综述* 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在对速生丰产林、速生丰产用材林、工业人工林和人工用材林的概念进行辨析的基础上 ,总结了世界热带人工用材林发展的特点 ,综述了热带人工用材林在政策法规、种苗繁育、造林和经营技术、生产力和轮伐期、立地质量监测和评价、森林病虫害和生物多样性、木材材性和木材工业 7个方面的最新进展 ,最后提出了调整人工用材林发展政策 ;加强生产技术研究和产业带建设 ,提高公众参与程度 ;充分利用市场手段 ,鼓励多元投资主体 ,发展非公有制林业 3条建议以发展我国热带人工用材林产业。 相似文献
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Following the introduction of planned forestry and the regular high forest system more than 250 years ago, forests in Central Europe became increasingly shaped by plantation silviculture. Many natural woodlands were replaced by planted forests, and forest plantations are still being established through afforestation of extensive land areas. Nowadays, forests are managed for many different purposes, including wood production, recreation, ecological, cultural, and amenity values, biodiversity, and soil and groundwater protection. This brings new challenges to forest management and silviculture. To reach a sustainable forestry, in the sense of Brundtland (WCED 1987), we are now reshaping European forestry toward a more nature oriented silviculture. Maybe forestry in the United States and elsewhere can benefit from the mistakes made in Europe during the last two centuries and take a shortcut toward sustainable forestry. 相似文献
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A combination of superior wood quality and high productivity has made Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) one of the premier timber trees in the world. As such, it is grown as a plantation species in several countries in Europe, South America, New Zealand, and Australia, as well as throughout its extensive natural range in western North America. Decades of experience with the silviculture of young stands have demonstrated that practices such as planting, the use of genetically improved seedlings, precommercial and commercial thinning, and fertilization may dramatically increase the yield of industrial products over that of natural forests. Further, such silviculture is compatible with the production of desired amenities. Vigorous implementation of such practices wherever Douglas-fir is cultivated will increase the world's timber resources, and be an effective strategy for reducing the pressure, occasioned by the world's rapidly increasing population, to harvest the fragile tropical and boreal forests. 相似文献
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因我国天然林禁伐,人工速生林木材和竹材成为当前木材加工利用的主要原材料,但人工速生林材质不及天然林材质,且竹材也存在截面尺寸小、用胶量大、原料利用率低等缺点。展平竹与木材正交胶合材（CLBT）由展平竹材和人工林锯材层板正交层叠制成,充分发挥了竹材优异力学性能与木材易加工等优势,既保留竹子和木材的天然纹理与结构特性,又克服了人工速生林材性的不足,实现了人工林资源的高附加值利用,是符合我国装配式建筑发展趋势的竹木质工程材产品。文中阐述了CLBT工艺技术、材料优势、构件性能及其影响因素等研究现状,介绍CLBT在我国多高层板式结构建筑中的应用前景,并提出今后研究方向。 相似文献
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澳大利亚、新西兰保护和利用天然林的基本政策 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
澳大利亚和新西兰两国政府十分重视森林资源与环境的可持续发展,一方面制定相应的政策、法规,以政府行为进行调控,另一方面有限度地发展集约经营人工（商品）林,满足国内木材需求,逐步实现对天然林的有效保护。 相似文献
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《Forest Policy and Economics》2001,2(2):167-178
How much to cut and to remain, as well as when to cut is an important decision-making issue in forest management. Unlike forest age, forest stock and harvest levels are applicable to both plantations and natural forests. This paper investigates the optimal forest stock and harvest with the consideration of both timber and non-timber benefits. The impacts of the discount rate, silvicultural cost, marginal timber benefit, and marginal non-timber benefit on the optimal forest stock and harvest are also examined. The results indicate that forest stock should be thickened when non-timber benefits are valued in addition to timber. The optimal steady state stock increases with a decrease in the discount rate, or an increase in marginal non-timber benefit. However, the impacts of the discount rate, marginal timber benefit, and marginal non-timber benefit on the optimal steady state harvest are ambiguous. In addition, a decrease in the discount rate has the same effect on the optimal steady state stock and harvest as an increase in the ratio of marginal non-timber benefit to marginal timber benefit. These theoretical results are illustrated through an empirical example of the US coniferous forests. 相似文献