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从桑树营养组织中提取高纯度DNA的方法 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文通过改进ＳＤＳ和ＣＴＡＢ提取ＤＮＡ的方法，对不同的桑树材料进行了ＤＮＡ的提取。结果表明２种方法都获得了高质量的ＤＮＡ，并进一步提出ＣＴＡＢ法特别适合多糖、酚类化合物以及样品氧化程度高的材料。 相似文献
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蜜蜂线粒体DNA碱变性提取法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
一、前言线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔＤＮＡ）已被广泛应用于动植物群体遗传学和进化生物学的研究中，并为分子系统学提供了有价值的比较生物学的数据，取得了许多非常有意义的结果。有效的ｍｔＤＮＡ提取方法，无疑是开展这方面研究的前提。而ｍｔＤＮＡ提取实验成功的标志是把染色体ＤＮＡ（即核ＤＮＡ）、蛋白质与ＲＮＡ尽量去除干净，从而获得一定得率和纯度的ｍｔＤＮＡ，以满足ｍｔＤＮＡ用于限制性片段长度多态性（ＲＦＬＰ）分析中的酶切及聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）中酶切、拷贝和连接的需要。本试验用碱变性提取法，ＣｓＣｌ超速离心法和蛋… 相似文献
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禽大肠杆菌DNA旋转酶活性改变与其对氟喹诺酮类药物耐药性的关？… 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用亚ＭＩＣ连续递增式传代培养法获得了禽大肠杆菌对氟喹诺酮类药物一诺氟沙星、依诺沙星、环丙沙星稳定的高度耐药菌株，通过对耐药菌株和敏感朱ＤＮＡ旋转酶的分离、提取及活性检测，并进行统计学分析比较，研究ＤＮＡ旋转酶活性改变与细菌耐的关系，结果表明：禽大肠杆菌对氟喹诺酮类药物产生耐药的一个重要因素为其ＤＮＡ旋转酶的活性改变。 相似文献
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血液中DNA提取方法的比较研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过蛋白酶Ｋ和ＳＤＳ消化破碎细胞,用酚－氯仿去除蛋白质,用异丙醇沉淀解离出ＤＮＡ。此法获取的ＤＮＡ与用酚抽提法,甲酰胺解聚法,异丙醇沉淀法,血细胞ＤＮＡ快速提取法获得的ＤＮＡ比较,分子长度较大,纯度较高,能够同时满足以噬菌体为载体的ＤＮＡ构基因组文库和ＰＣＲ实验的要求。 相似文献
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DNA探针鉴定转基因鸡早期性别 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
质粒ｐＵＧＤ１２０１经扩增、提取、纯化、酶切等一系列过程而获得了Ｗ染色体特异性ＤＮＡ片段,继而获得用地高辛标记的Ｗ染色体ＤＮＡ探针。用该探针通过原位杂交法对鸡Ｘ期胚盘细胞成功地进行了性别鉴定。 相似文献
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家蚕微孢子虫孢子DNA的提取、克隆及部分DNA序列分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
报道家蚕微孢子虫（Ｎｏｓｅｍａｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ简称Ｎ．ｂ）孢子ＤＮＡ的提取、克隆及部分ＤＮＡ序列测定的结果。采用ＳＤＳ－蛋白酶Ｋ将孢子破碎，用苯酚一氯仿法提取孢子的ＤＮＡ。将Ｎ．ｂ孢子ＤＮＡ与ｐＴＺ１８Ｒ质粒重组，转化于大肠杆菌ＤＨ５，获得４个阳性克隆株：ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ１，插入片段为１ｋｂ；ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ２，为１．２ｋｂ；ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ３为１．８ｋｂ及ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ４为１．９ｋｂ，经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交，证实插入的ＤＮＡ片段为家蚕Ｎ．ｂ孢子所特有。与ＭＧ１（Ｎｏｓｅｍａｓｐ．），蓖麻蚕微孢子虫、蓝萤叶甲微孢子虫及蚕卵的ＤＮＡ均无同源性。用双脱氧链终止法测定４个克隆株插入片段的部分ＤＮＡ的序列，经检索尚未发现同源性的基因序列。讨论了ＰＣＲ技术诊断家蚕微孢子虫孢子与近缘种的问题。 相似文献
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家蚕微孢子虫孢子DNA的提取、克隆及部分DNA序列分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
报道家蚕微孢子虫（Ｎｏｓｅｍａｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ简称Ｎ．ｂ）孢子ＤＮＡ的提取、克隆及部分ＤＮＡ序列测定的结果。采用ＳＤＳ－蛋白酶Ｋ将孢子破碎，用苯酚一氯仿法提取孢子的ＤＮＡ。将Ｎ．ｂ孢子ＤＮＡ与ｐＴＺ１８Ｒ质粒重组，转化于大肠杆菌ＤＨ５，获得４个阳性克隆株：ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ１，插入片段为１ｋｂ；ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ２，为１．２ｋｂ；ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ３为１．８ｋｂ及ｐＴＺ１８ＲＮ．ｂ４为１．９ｋｂ，经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交，证实插入的ＤＮＡ片段为家蚕Ｎ．ｂ孢子所特有。与ＭＧ１（Ｎｏｓｅｍａｓｐ．），蓖麻蚕微孢子虫、蓝萤叶甲微孢子虫及蚕卵的ＤＮＡ均无同源性。用双脱氧链终止法测定４个克隆株插入片段的部分ＤＮＡ的序列，经检索尚未发现同源性的基因序列。讨论了ＰＣＲ技术诊断家蚕微孢子虫孢子与近缘种的问题。 相似文献
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Comparative examinations on the hairs of laboratory animals
In the white mouse the bristle hairs were on the average 8mm, in the awn hairs 7mm, and the fur hairs 6.5mm long. The values for the white rat were 19mm for the bristle hairs, 11mm for the awn hairs, and 7mm for the fur hairs; they were thus markedly longer. The hairs of the guinea-pig and of the rabbit were two- and three times as long. Hair thickness—especially at the thickest point—was distinctly different for the bristle and awn hairs, while these measurements of the fur hairs did not differ very much among these species. The size of the cuticle scales did not differ much between mouse, rat and rabbit. The medulla of the bristle and awn hairs of mouse and rat and that of the awn hair of the guinea-pig looked similar. However, the medulla of the rabbit was easily distinguished from the other species. The medulla of the fur hairs was constricted only in the mouse and rat. It is possible to identify with certainty the hairs of these four species if complete hair samples are available and if the microscopic measurements given here are taken into consideration. 相似文献
In the white mouse the bristle hairs were on the average 8mm, in the awn hairs 7mm, and the fur hairs 6.5mm long. The values for the white rat were 19mm for the bristle hairs, 11mm for the awn hairs, and 7mm for the fur hairs; they were thus markedly longer. The hairs of the guinea-pig and of the rabbit were two- and three times as long. Hair thickness—especially at the thickest point—was distinctly different for the bristle and awn hairs, while these measurements of the fur hairs did not differ very much among these species. The size of the cuticle scales did not differ much between mouse, rat and rabbit. The medulla of the bristle and awn hairs of mouse and rat and that of the awn hair of the guinea-pig looked similar. However, the medulla of the rabbit was easily distinguished from the other species. The medulla of the fur hairs was constricted only in the mouse and rat. It is possible to identify with certainty the hairs of these four species if complete hair samples are available and if the microscopic measurements given here are taken into consideration. 相似文献
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Development of a novel diagnostic test for detection of bovine viral diarrhea persistently infected animals using hair 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kuldeep Singh Myrna M. Miller Laura J. Kohrt Gail Scherba Edgar F. Garrett Richard L. Fredrickson 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2011,12(3):295-297
The purpose of this study was to determine whether manually plucked hairs might serve as an alternative sample for a quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) testing. Twenty three, 1~3 week old, non-bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccinated calves, found to be positive for BVDV by immunohistochemical staining, were selected and hairs were manually plucked from the ear. qRT-PCR was performed on samples consisting of more than 30 hairs (30~100) and whole blood. All 23 animals were positive for the virus by qRT-PCR performed on the whole blood and when samples of more than 30 hairs were assayed. Additionally, qRT-PCR was performed on groups of 10 and 20 hairs harvested from 7 out of 23 immunohistochemical staining-positive calves. When groups of 20 and 10 hairs were tested, 6 and 4 animals, respectively, were positive for the virus. 相似文献
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The impact of anatomic location on trichogram analysis of the hair cycle phases was evaluated in 15 clinically normal dogs. The purposes of this study were to determine if the number of hairs in anagen and telogen vary among anatomic sites within a dog and to see whether there is an optimal region to sample hairs for canine trichogram evaluation of the hair cycle phases. In each dog eight sites were sampled. Four (26.7%) of the 15 dogs had no significant differences in the number of hairs in anagen and telogen among the eight body sites examined. Nine (81.8%) of the remaining 11 dogs had only one site that revealed significant differences in the number of hairs in anagen or telogen. In seven (77.8%) of these dogs only the anagen differed significantly, and in two (22.2%) dogs both phases differed significantly. Two (18.2%) dogs revealed two sites with significant differences in the number of hairs in anagen. The number of hairs in anagen and telogen in the shoulder area did not vary significantly in any of the dogs. This observation, coupled with the ease of sampling at this site, indicates that the shoulder is the site of choice when studying variations in ratios of hair cycle phases using unit area trichogram. Our results also suggest that numbers of telogen and anagen hairs from body regions with different hair shaft lengths do not vary significantly, and the occasional inconsistent results noted at some body sites might be due to sample collection technique. 相似文献
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Alex Sandro Campos Maia Roberto Gomes da Silva Elaine Cristina Abaker Bertipaglia 《Livestock Production Science》2005,92(3):307-315
Morphological characteristics, coat effective radiative properties, and the percentage of white colour were measured in the coats of 973 Holstein cows, and estimates of the genetic parameters were obtained for these traits, except morphological characteristics. The results showed that white coats are more dense with long, thin hairs, while the black coats are less dense with short, thick hairs. Effective transmissivity is greater in the less-dense coats with short, thin hairs, independently of coat colour. Effective reflectivity depends more on the variation in the radiative properties of the coat and skin surface rather than on the morphological characteristics of the coat. Effective absorptivity is greater in black and dense coats with long, thick hairs, than in the white and less-dense coat with short, thin hairs. All heritability estimates were of low magnitude, except for the percentage of white coat colour. 相似文献
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Yongjun Xiao 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(3):186-190
Abstract Seasonal moulting was studied by quantitative histology and external observations in adult male raccoon dogs. Moulting of the underfur hairs is characterized by a heavy loss of old winter hair in spring and an intensive growth of new winter hair in autumn. Only few mature and growing underfur hairs were found in the hair cover in summer. The new intermediate and large guard hairs started to develop in April and May. All the new guard hairs had developed by the end of June. About 7 and 3.5 months were needed for the growth of new winter guard and underfur hairs respectively. At the end of November the winter fur was mature. The bundles with an intermediate guard hair contained more underfur hairs than the bundles with a large guard hair in the mature winter fur. The thickness of dermis and the grade of skin colour peaked in the autumn moult, indicating a close relation to the activity of hair follicles. 相似文献
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The performance of the dermatophyte test medium (DTM) RapidVet-D was assessed using hair samples collected from experimentally infected guinea pigs. Three dermatophyte species were included in the study: Microsporum canis , Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton equinum . DTM substrates were inoculated with infected hairs and scales, incubated at 18, 21, 24, 27 or 37 °C and examined daily for 15 days. The rapidity of colour change was clearly related to the incubation temperature and to the number of infected hairs deposited on the reactive substrates. With the optimum incubation temperature 27 °C, a systematic colour change could be observed only a few days post-inoculation: 3 days with M. canis infected hairs, 4 days with T. equinum and 5 days with T. mentagrophytes . 相似文献
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Since 1991 the urticating hairs of the oak processionary caterpillar (Thaumetopoea processionea L.) have caused a lot of nuisance to the population and animals in a growing number of provinces in the Netherlands from June to August. Favourable climatic and nutritional factors may contribute to the mass gradation of this caterpillar. Larvae develop their urticating hairs from the third larval stage. The poisonous hairs serve as a defence mechanism against predators such as birds and small rodents. Human contact with these hairs (setae) induces dermatitis, strong cutaneous reactions (weal and flare reaction), ocular lesions and upper respiratory tract reactions by a mechanic and toxic mechanism (lepidopterism). When animals, like dogs and horses, are in direct contact with the urticating hairs due to ingestion and inhalation, the most important complaints are labial angiooedema, ptyalism, sloughing, tongue swelling, stomatitis, conjunctivitis and respiratory distress. This article describes three cases, in which animals are possibly exposed to the urticating hairs of the oak processionary caterpillar. 相似文献
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本文首次采用了GMA半薄切片和厚壁区域细胞分离法,深入研究了东北唇形科52种及5变种(位于4亚科26属)的果实形态结构。结果显示,果实多为三棱形,有的物种果实的棱延伸形成翅。果实表面光滑、具网纹或不同类型的毛状体(包括头状或盾状腺毛,单细胞、单列多细胞或分枝非腺毛)。着生面多为圆形,少为直线形或“V”形。果皮分为外果皮、中果皮、厚壁区域和内果皮。晶体常存在厚壁区域。本研究完善了东北唇形科果实形态学,并为进一步研究中国唇形科果实结构和分类学以及分子系统学奠定了基础。 相似文献
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为研究埋植褪黑激素的水貂(Mustela vison)冬季直针毛生长过程及形态学性状的特点,测量埋植褪黑激素后31 d、62 d和75 d的水貂鲜皮腹部、背部和臀部新生冬季直针毛的毛长度、毛最粗处细度、毛根无髓段长度及毛根扁平型鳞片总长度等形态学指标。统计分析结果表明:埋植褪黑激素31 d后,水貂3个部位均出现了新生冬季直针毛;且臀部的新生冬季直针毛的毛长度最大,单位面积上新生冬季直针毛数量最多。埋植褪黑激素后31 d至62 d冬季直针毛的平均生长速度为:腹部(0. 33±0. 07) mm/d、背部(0. 44±0. 07) mm/d、臀部(0. 45±0. 08) mm/d,埋植褪黑激素后62 d至75 d冬季直针毛的平均生长速度为:腹部(0. 25±0. 06) mm/d、背部(0. 29±0. 10) mm/d、臀部(0. 36±0. 03) mm/d,均表现为臀部>背部>腹部的情形。埋植褪黑激素后31 d至62 d的冬季直针毛平均生长速度较快;埋植褪黑激素后62 d至75 d的冬季直针毛平均生长速度降低。冬季直针毛的长度与毛根无髓段长度、毛根扁平型鳞片总长度相关性不显著(P>0. 05);毛最粗处细度与毛根无髓段长度、毛根扁平型鳞片总长度相关性不显著(P>0. 05);毛根无髓段长度与毛根扁平型鳞片总长度呈极显著正相关(P <0. 01)。判断水貂取皮时间时,可以选择冬季直针毛的毛根无髓段长度作为指标。 相似文献
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Mid-rib hair coat samples (n = 577) were obtained from 9- to 10-mo-old Hereford and Angus bulls and heifers to examine diet and breed differences in hair coat characteristics and their relationship to 168-d postweaning gain. Each sample was cleaned and subdivided into guard hairs and undercoat. Dependent variables included the number, weight, length, diameter and percentage of medullation of guard hairs and undercoat. Sources of variation included breed, sire nested within breed, year (1965 or 1966), sex of calf, diet fed during the postweaning gain test (2 parts rolled grain:1 part chopped hay vs all chopped hay) and the linear regression on age of calf as a covariate. Factor analysis was used to transform the 10 hair coat variables into a set of four factors that accounted for 71% of the total variance of the original variables. Angus cattle tended to have shorter, less medullated coats (Factor 1), shorter, larger diameter undercoat hairs and guard hairs with less medullation than Herefords. Sire within breed differences existed for weight, length, and diameter of both types of hairs and all four factors. Compared with the medium-energy-diet, the high-energy diet reduced hair weight per unit of surface area, undercoat number and guard hair medullation. Undercoat density (Factor 3) was reduced by the higher-energy diet (P less than .001), whereas guard hair density (Factor 2) was not changed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献