共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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软质小麦品质的辅助选择 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
为建立软质小麦品质的筛选和评价体系,对黄淮麦区和长江下游麦区20个不同硬度小麦品种的Puroindoline基因型以及全麦粉和面粉的部分相关品质性状进行了检测.结果表明,20个品种中,2个品种为Pina-D1b硬质突变型,6个品种为Pinb-D1b硬质突变型,其余12个品种为软质小麦;硬、软质小麦的全麦粉硬度和SDS沉淀值的差异均达到极显著水平,但碱水保持力差异不显著;硬、软质小麦面粉的碱水保持力和溶剂保持力均达到极显著差异.性状间的相关分析表明,全麦粉硬度与SDS沉淀值、面粉的碱水保持力、水溶剂保持力、碳酸钠溶剂保持力、蔗糖溶剂保持力均呈极显著相关,相关系数分别为0.64、0.94、0.94、0.91和0.81,SDS沉淀值与乳酸溶剂保持力相关也极显著,相关系数0.80.这些结果说明Puroindoline基因型检测、全麦粉硬度和SDS沉淀值检测可以作为软质小麦的早代筛选方法. 相似文献
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软质小麦的品质研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
马传喜 《国外农学:麦类作物》1994,(4):37-40
软质小麦在我国小麦生产及食品工业上起着非常重要的作用，其品质研究尚未引起重视，本研究对国外有关软质小麦品质的评价方法、影响因素及育种等问题的研究作了综述，以期促进我国软质小麦品质的研究进程。 相似文献
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用９个高蛋白强筋硬质小麦（面包小麦）与一个低蛋白弱筋软质小麦按１：１搭配制粉，ＳＤＳ沉降值、面粉吸水率等明显下降，各品种间表现一致。面包体积、面包评分、和面时间及粉质图稳定时间等，在各品种间反映不同，部分面包小麦品种搭配软麦后，面包品质保持不变，有的还有所改善 。 相似文献
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对来自美国4类软质小麦[美国东部软质白粒冬(ESWW)小麦、西部软质白粒冬(WSWW)小麦、棒状小麦和软质红粒冬(SRW)小麦]的17个软质小麦品种的磨粉、理化和流变学特性以及烘烤日本蛋糕(JSC)和AACC糖酥饼(SSC)的品质进行了评价研究.用质地剖面(TPA)分析法测定了JSC的质地结构.结果表明,在JSC加工方面,SRW和ESWW小麦可能最终会取代WSWW和棒状小麦.用ESWW和SRW小麦精粉加工出的糖酥饼也比用WSWW和棒状小麦加工出的糖酥饼直径大.相关分析表明,较小的淀粉颗粒体积是改善JSC和SCC品质的重要参数,而淀粉破损率是SSC品质更为重要的决定因素.本研究结果表明,面团特性曲线仪(alveograph)及和面仪(mixograph)是评价软质小麦的蛋糕和小甜饼烘烤品质的有用工具. 相似文献
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山西小麦品种籽粒硬度与主要品质性状研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确山西省近十年育成小麦新品种的籽粒硬度和品质状况,利用单籽粒谷物特性测定仪(SKCS)、DA7200多功能近红外分析仪,对来自山西省近十年审定的56个小麦新品种的籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、出粉率等指标进行了检测和分析。结果发现,山西省近十年审定的小麦品种中,硬质麦比例较高,为78%,混合型麦和软质麦比例较低,分别为12%和8%;硬度指数范围较宽,为16.33～78.93。经相关分析,小麦籽粒硬度指数与被测品质性状均呈正相关关系,其中,与出粉率、吸水率、最大拉伸阻力均呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。硬质麦的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、出粉率、沉降值等品质参数均显著高于混合型麦和软质麦。混合型麦的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、出粉率、沉降值等品质参数略高于软质麦。 相似文献
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氮肥追施比例对弱筋小麦扬麦15籽粒产量及品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了揭示氮肥追施比例对弱筋小麦扬麦15籽粒品质和产量的调节效应,在施纯氮总量210kg·hm-2条件下,在江苏淮南的扬州和海安两地研究了3种氮肥追施比例对弱筋小麦籽粒品质和产量的影响。结果表明,增加拔节肥比例能显著增加弱筋小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值;氮肥追施比例对弱筋小麦籽粒千粒重、容重、硬度、出粉率等磨粉品质以及降落值、面团形成时间、稳定时间、峰值黏度和稀懈值等品质指标影响不明显;随拔节肥比例上升,乳酸溶剂保持力呈上升趋势,而水溶剂保持力、碳酸钠溶剂保持力和蔗糖溶剂保持力变化不明显;随氮肥用量后移,籽粒产量显著提高。综合品质和产量来看,在本试验条件下,弱筋小麦扬麦15的适宜氮肥追施比例为5∶1∶4(基肥∶壮蘖肥∶拔节肥)。 相似文献
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加拿大优质小麦品质育种与生产概况 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
本文较详细地介绍了加拿大优质小麦的生产与品质现状、育种理论与育种成果、专用品种类型与品质标准、分类与分级系统 ,以及如何科学合理地进行质量控制、检测程序及价格调节机制。我国小麦产量和消费居世界首位 ,馒头、面条是我国的传统食品 ,面包、点心等食品量的需求也有较大的增长。本文着重分析了适于加工馒头 (蛋白质中等、面筋中强、延伸性好 )、面包 (蛋白质高、面筋强 )的硬质型小麦品种和宜作糕点 (低蛋白、弱面筋 )的软质型小麦品种的蛋白质品质、粉质参数、拉伸参数与食品品质的关系 ,以期为我国专用小麦引种与品质育种以及对面食加工部门优质原料的选择提供理论与技术依据 相似文献
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为了发掘具有优良加工品质的弱筋小麦品种（系）,分析了宁麦9号及其116份衍生系的磨粉品质、蛋白质含量、溶剂保持力、吹泡仪特性和酥性饼干直径（AACC 10-50D）,调查了各品质性状与酥性饼干直径的关系。结果表明,衍生系内品质性状变异较大,软质衍生系的品质性状和饼干直径显著优于硬质衍生系。吹泡仪弹性、水溶剂保持力、碳酸钠溶剂保持力、蔗糖溶剂保持力在软质衍生系或全部衍生系群体内都与饼干直径呈显著负相关,其中在软质衍生系内的相关系数分别为-0.42（P＜0.05）、-0.40（P＜0.05）、-0.60 （P＜0.001）和-0.45（P＜0.05）。在参试材料中,宁麦9号具有低蛋白、低溶剂保持力、低面筋强度和出粉率高的综合弱筋优良特性,而且其饼干直径（6块饼干直径之和,下同）最大,为49.2 cm;13份软质衍生品系（种）的饼干直径大于48.0 cm,其中5份的饼干直径大于48.6 cm。双亲弱筋品质优良,利于优质后代的选育。 相似文献
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为了筛选出具有应用价值的优良软质小麦种质资源,以55份高代小麦品系和2个软质小麦品种为试验材料,利用微量溶剂保持力（SRC）方法对其水SRC、碳酸钠SRC、乳酸SRC和蔗糖SRC进行了测定,并分析了4种SRC在品种（系）间的差异以及它们之间的相互关系。结果表明,不同小麦品种（系）间4种SRC差异均达到极显著水平。水SRC变幅为56.10%~77.15%,平均为65.32%;碳酸钠SRC变幅为68.57%~101.13%,平均为82.56%;乳酸SRC变幅为94.51%~138.86%,平均为114.03%;蔗糖SRC变幅为93.56%~121.88%,平均为109.03%。SRC的相关分析显示,4种SRC间均呈极显著正相关,其中水SRC与碳酸钠SRC的相关系数最大,为0.9834,水SRC、碳酸钠SRC与蔗糖SRC间的相关系数分别为0.8162和0.8409,而水SRC、碳酸钠SRC、蔗糖SRC与乳酸SRC间的相关系数相对较小,分别为0.6535、0.6410和0.6855。根据SRC值的测定结果,筛选出了6个4种SRC均低于软质小麦品种宁麦9号的种质资源,这些资源可作为低SRC小麦品种选育的中间材料加以利用。 相似文献
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为明确安徽大田生产环境下软质小麦籽粒和终端产品品质表现,评价优质软麦品种的加工适用性,本研究选取该区当前推广种植的24个软质小麦品种,对其籽粒和面粉的主要品质性状及其制品南方馒头和曲奇饼干的品质进行差异性、相关性分析,并以美国软白麦近五年的主要品质性状平均值为理想指标进行灰色关联度比较。结果表明,供试材料的硬度、面粉色泽b*、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间、稳定时间等籽粒品质性状变异系数较大,而容重、面粉L*值和吸水率变异系数较小。南方馒头品质性状中,白度差异最小,比容差异最大;曲奇饼干品质性状中,感官评分变异系数较大,饼干直径均值和变异系数都较小。蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、稳定时间均符合弱筋标准(GB/T 17320-2013)的样品数为0。相关分析表明,容重、降落值、面粉L*、b*、白度与大部分性状间相关性不显著;籽粒硬度与水SRC和乳酸SRC均呈显著正相关,与湿面筋含量和面粉a*值均呈显著负相关。蛋白质含量与面粉a*值等7个指标均呈显著正相关,与面粉b 相似文献
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为给弱筋小麦育种提供指导,收集了195份来自不同麦区的小麦品种,分别于2008和2009年秋播种植于江苏扬州,并对收获种子进行了4种SRC(包括水、乳酸、碳酸钠和蔗糖SRC)、硬度及蛋白质含量的检测。结果表明,4种SRC、硬度和蛋白质含量在品种间及年度间差异均达极显著水平。两年度均以水SRC含量最低,分别为87.27%和77.54%;乳酸SRC次低,分别为95.99%和84.17%;蔗糖SRC和碳酸钠SRC年度间互有高低,其平均值均大于100%。4种SRC值间存在极显著正相关,其中2009年乳酸SRC和碳酸钠SRC之间的相关系数达0.607,2010年乳酸SRC和水SRC之间的相关系数达0.675。硬度与水、乳酸、碳酸钠等3种SRC及"面筋性能指数"存在极显著正相关,其中与乳酸SRC的两年相关系数分别高达0.721和0.779。蛋白质含量与乳酸、蔗糖、碳酸钠等3种SRC相关极显著但相关系数较小。从参试品种中筛选出了SRC两年均表现较低的品种皖麦50、扬辐麦3046、宁麦8号、豫麦49、扬麦19等,在育种中可更好地加以利用。在育种中主要可利用水SRC和乳酸SRC以及硬度检测来提高弱筋小麦育种效率。 相似文献
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Malena Moiraghi Leonardo Vanzetti Laura Pflüger Marcelo Helguera Gabriela Teresa Pérez 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013
The influence of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) on wheat breadmaking quality has been extensively studied but the effect of different Glu-1 alleles on cookie quality is still poorly understood. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of HMW-GS composition and wheat-rye translocations on physicochemical flour properties and cookie quality of soft wheat flours. Alleles encoded at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 locus had a significant effect over physicochemical flour properties and solvent retention capacity (SRC) profile. The null allele for Glu-A1 locus presented the highest cookie factor observed (CF = 7.10), whereas 1BL/1RS and 1AL/1RS rye translocations had a negative influence on CF. The three cultivars that showed the highest CF (19, 44 and 47) had the following combination: Glu-A1 = null, Glu-B1 = 7 + 8, Glu-D1 = 2 + 12 and no secalins. Two prediction equations were developed to estimate soft wheat CF: one using the HMW-GS composition and the other using physicochemical flour parameters, where SRCsuc, SRC carb, water-soluble pentosans, damaged starch and protein turned out to be better CF predictors. This data suggests that grain protein allelic composition and physicochemical flour properties can be useful tools in breeding programs to select soft wheat of good cookie making quality. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2014,59(3):424-430
The influence of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) on wheat breadmaking quality has been extensively studied but the effect of different Glu-1 alleles on cookie quality is still poorly understood. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of HMW-GS composition and wheat-rye translocations on physicochemical flour properties and cookie quality of soft wheat flours. Alleles encoded at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 locus had a significant effect over physicochemical flour properties and solvent retention capacity (SRC) profile. The null allele for Glu-A1 locus presented the highest cookie factor observed (CF = 7.10), whereas 1BL/1RS and 1AL/1RS rye translocations had a negative influence on CF. The three cultivars that showed the highest CF (19, 44 and 47) had the following combination: Glu-A1 = null, Glu-B1 = 7 + 8, Glu-D1 = 2 + 12 and no secalins. Two prediction equations were developed to estimate soft wheat CF: one using the HMW-GS composition and the other using physicochemical flour parameters, where SRCsuc, SRC carb, water-soluble pentosans, damaged starch and protein turned out to be better CF predictors. This data suggests that grain protein allelic composition and physicochemical flour properties can be useful tools in breeding programs to select soft wheat of good cookie making quality. 相似文献
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Several physicochemical tests are employed in quality evaluation of wheat. Most of the exported Argentinean wheat flour is used as corrector flour in breadmaking. A small percentage is actually used in cookie production. No study has determined which predictive tests are most suitable for the quality prediction of bread (using flour as corrector) and cookies made from Argentinean wheat. The objectives of this study were to compare the suitability of predictive tests in the assessment of wheat flour attributes in the production of bread and cookies and to establish the relationship between the tests and flour components. Several expected associations were found between the SRC test and the composition parameters. Moreover, various flour components influencing the SDS sedimentation index (SDS-SI), the Zeleny index and the alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC) were established. The cookie factor (CF) was negatively correlated with sucrose, carbonate and water SRC and with AWRC. In addition, the bread loaf specific volume (LV) was correlated with the SDS-SI, the Zeleny index and the lactic acid SRC. In conclusion, several components of Argentine wheat affecting predictive tests were found. The SRC test allowed straight assessment of the bread and cookie quality of Argentinean wheat. 相似文献
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Annelies E. Duyvejonck Bert LagrainBram Pareyt Christophe M. CourtinJan A. Delcour 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) tests have originally been designed to predict flour functionality of North American wheat flours. A SRC profile consists of its Water Retention Capacity (WRC), Sodium Carbonate SRC (SCSRC), Sucrose SRC (SuSRC) and Lactic Acid SRC (LASRC) values. As the value of such tests when considering European wheat flours is rather unclear, we studied the chemical composition and SRC profiles of nineteen commercial European wheat flours. Their WRC, SCSRC, SuSRC and LASRC ranged from 56 to 66%, 74 to 88%, 90 to 102% and 106 to 147%, respectively. Both WRC and SCSRC were mostly higher than those of North American soft wheat flours, but in the range of those of North American hard wheat flours. For the entire set of European flours, strong linear relations were observed between the flour damaged starch levels and WRC values, as well as with SCSRC values. Modifying specific flour constituent properties and levels illustrated the contribution of proteins, damaged starch and arabinoxylan (AX) to the SRC values. Flour proteins, especially glutenins, mainly contributed to LASRC, while damaged starch largely impacted flour SCSRC. Water-extractable AX only contributed to the SuSRC values, whereas the solvent-accessible AX generally contributed to all SRC values, and particularly to the SuSRC values. 相似文献
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To overcome the cost and expense of milling and baking hundreds of samples in wheat breeding programs, cereal chemists have developed various rapid predictive tests for end-use quality assessment. In this study, five small-scale rapid tests, including Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) and Swelling Index of Glutenin (SIG), were compared for viability and accuracy to determine end-use quality using small quantities of flour. The tests were applied on commercial hard red spring and hard red winter wheat cultivars from two of the three main production regions in South Africa. Rheological and bread-baking characteristics were related to results of the rapid tests. Highly significant cultivar differences were seen for all rheological and baking-related characteristics, and SRC and SIG parameters, with a strong genotype effect. The environment effect was also highly significant across regions, especially for flour protein content (FPC), which affected the rheological and baking-related characteristics differently across the regions. Correlations among SRC, SIG, rheological, and baking quality-related parameters were highly significant, but inconsistent for the two production regions. Only lactic acid SRC and SIG correlated consistently with the rheological and baking quality-related characteristics in both production regions. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2002,35(2):119-128
Hard and soft wheat flours, which were used in the study, resulted in good and poor quality chapatis respectively. Gluten was isolated and interchanged among the two whole wheat flours and studied by scanning electron microscopy for its influence on structural characteristics of dough and its relation to chapati-making quality. Microscopic observations clearly indicated that larger gluten strands covered starch granules in hard wheat flour dough, while gluten was short and starch granules exposed in dough prepared from soft wheat flour. Greater film forming ability of gluten in hard wheat flour dough manifested in long and bulky starch strands interwoven with protein matrix in its chapati crumb. Higher moisture retention and starch gelatinization as a consequence of greater film forming ability of gluten in hard wheat flour resulted in pliable and soft textured chapati. 相似文献