共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 253 毫秒
1.
试验旨在研究碱贮对真姬菇菌糠瘤胃降解率的影响,采用CaO、Ca(OH)_2、CaO+3%尿素及Ca(OH)_2+3%尿素4种处理,每种处理碱(CaO/Ca(OH)_2)的添加量设3%、4%、5%及6%4个水平,分别记作CO3、CO4、CO5、CO6,CH3、CH4、CH5、CH6,COU3、COU4、COU5、COU6,CHU3、CHU4、CHU5、CHU6,每个水平4个重复,空白组设2个,1组空白(CK)仅为真姬菇菌糠,另1组空白(CKU)为真姬菇菌糠+3%尿素,室温下碱贮30 d。选取6只装有瘤胃永久瘘管川中黑山羊作为瘤胃液供体,对真姬菇菌糠的干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗蛋白质(CP)体外发酵4、8、12、24、48、72 h的动态降解率进行测定与分析。结果表明,真姬菇菌糠经不同水平碱贮后,DM、CP、NDF、ADF的72 h降解率及其有效降解率(ED)均较对照组提高。其中,COU碱贮处理组效果最佳,不同水平COU碱贮处理组的72 h的DM瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高13.01%、20.03%、31.65%和32.33%(P0.05);NDF瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高27.61%、45.78%、62.88%和50.23%(P0.05);ADF瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高26.14%、45.75%、51.76%和39.65%(P0.05);CP瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高12.33%、14.62%、20.55%和19.07%(P0.05),其中综合评定COU5处理水平最优。 相似文献
2.
羊常用粗饲料干物质和粗蛋白的瘤胃降解特性研究 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
试验通过尼龙袋法研究了羊草、苜蓿干草、玉米秸秆、尿素-秸秆和NaOH-秸秆5种粗饲料在绵羊瘤胃内干物质和粗蛋白的降解特性。结果表明:5种粗饲料的有效降解率均在20%以上,其中以苜蓿干草最高。粗饲料干物质的有效降解率与干物质的快速降解部分呈显著强的正相关,与慢速降解部分和不可降解部分都呈弱的负相关,与慢速降解部分的降解速率呈较强的正相关。粗饲料粗蛋白的有效降解率与快速降解部分呈极显著强的正相关,与不可降解部分呈强的负相关。5种粗饲料的干物质和粗蛋白的瘤胃降解率均表现出较强的正相关,其中苜蓿干草的相关系数高达0.9435(P0.0001)。5种粗饲料的干物质和粗蛋白的瘤胃降解率相关性,由高到低依次为苜蓿干草羊草NaOH-秸秆尿素-秸秆玉米秸秆(P0.005)。 相似文献
3.
试验1中,40只体重31公斤的阉公羊,每只每天给饲162克精料和318克大麦秸(干物质).在32天饲养的最后7天内,通过全收粪法对5种处理的大麦秸进行了消化试验,这5种处理分别是、不处理、氨处理[按每公斤大麦秸(干物质)40克NH_3的比例,向麦秸垛内通入氨气,堆放11周]、在2℃或25℃下用尿素青贮处理[按每公斤大麦秸(干物质)70克尿素的比例,在保证含水500克/公斤的情况下,青贮处理11周]、用尿素浸泡处 相似文献
4.
(二)影响氨化质量的因素 秸秆氨化后其质量与氨的用量、秸秆含水量、环境温度、氨化时间以及秸秆的原有品质等密切相关。 1.氨的用量 近年来,很多国家的科技人员作过试验,结果认为,氨的经济用量在秸秆干物质重量的2.5％～3.5％范围内。 用尿素、碳铵处理秸秆时,它们的用量可根据各自的含氮量进行换算。生产中,氨化100公斤秸秆(风干),常用尿素4～5公斤,碳铵8～12公斤。 2.秸秆含水率 相似文献
5.
试验旨在研究碱贮对真姬菇菌糠瘤胃降解率的影响,采用CaO、Ca(OH)_2、CaO+3%尿素及Ca(OH)_2+3%尿素4种处理,每种处理碱(CaO/Ca(OH)_2)的添加量设3%、4%、5%及6%4个水平,分别记作CO3、CO4、CO5、CO6,CH3、CH4、CH5、CH6,COU3、COU4、COU5、COU6,CHU3、CHU4、CHU5、CHU6,每个水平4个重复,空白组设2个,1组空白(CK)仅为真姬菇菌糠,另1组空白(CKU)为真姬菇菌糠+3%尿素,室温下碱贮30 d。选取6只装有瘤胃永久瘘管川中黑山羊作为瘤胃液供体,对真姬菇菌糠的干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗蛋白质(CP)体外发酵4、8、12、24、48、72 h的动态降解率进行测定与分析。结果表明,真姬菇菌糠经不同水平碱贮后,DM、CP、NDF、ADF的72 h降解率及其有效降解率(ED)均较对照组提高。其中,COU碱贮处理组效果最佳,不同水平COU碱贮处理组的72 h的DM瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高13.01%、20.03%、31.65%和32.33%(P<0.05);NDF瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高27.61%、45.78%、62.88%和50.23%(P<0.05);ADF瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高26.14%、45.75%、51.76%和39.65%(P<0.05);CP瘤胃降解率较CKU组分别提高12.33%、14.62%、20.55%和19.07%(P<0.05),其中综合评定COU5处理水平最优。 相似文献
6.
两种成熟的禾本科干草,化学成分相似,干物质含量为699和836克/公斤,用无水氨进行氨化处理,所有剂量分别为每吨干物质10、20、30公斤和每吨干物质20、30、40公斤。用量为10公的处理方法不能够阻止潮湿干草的发霉。除此之外的其它处理方法均可增加潮湿干草和干燥干草氮的含量,其中潮湿干草由12.5克/公斤干物质最高可增至25.0克/ 相似文献
7.
8.
用氢氧化钙、尿素、食盐组成的复合处理剂调制稻草 ,共设 8个处理组 ,稻草水分调至 4 5 % ,填紧压实 ,密封保存于贮罐内 1个月 ,然后用瘤胃尼龙袋法测定稻草有效降解率 ,分析相关营养指标。试验结果表明 :①复合处理剂可提高稻草中CP、Ash、Ca含量 ,降低 (P <0 .0 1)NDF、ADF含量。复合处理剂可极显著地提高 (P <0 .0 1)稻草中DM、OM、NDF有效降解率 ,其中以H组 ,即 4 %Ca(OH) 2 +4% (NH2 ) 2 CO +2 %NaCl处理组效果最佳 ,与对照、A组比较 ,分别提高DM、OM、NDF有效降解率 4 4 .0 4 %、4 3.0 5 %、31.85 % ,其效果优于Ca(OH) 2 +尿素处理稻草或单独用尿素处理稻草的效果 ,差异极显著 (P <0 .0 1)。生产实践中应用时 ,要考虑反刍动物的消化生理特点和秸秆加工成本 ,可适当降低尿素和食盐添加量。②复合处理剂中添加食盐、尿素有利于提高 (P <0 .0 1)稻草中DM、OM、NDF有效降解率 ,2 %食盐添加量优于 1%食盐添加量 ,4 %尿素添加量优于 2 %尿素添加量 相似文献
9.
为了探索不同尿素水平对氨化秸秆品质的影响,试验采用尼龙袋法测定尿素浓度分别为2.0%、4.5%、7.0%DM 的氨化秸秆及未氨化秸秆在山羊瘤胃48 h 的养分消失率。试验结果表明,氨化稻草秸秆在瘤胃48 h的干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的降解率比未氨化稻草均有不同程度的增加,尤以尿素浓度为4.5%DM 的降解率为最高(p<0.05)。 相似文献
10.
《动物营养学报》2020,(6)
本试验旨在研究复合氨化处理对我国南方水稻秸秆营养成分和瘤胃降解特性的影响。试验设置1个对照处理和4个复合氨化处理,这4个处理分别添加5%尿素(5U)、9%玉米浆+5%尿素(9C5U)、 9%玉米浆+2. 5%尿素(9C2.5U)、 9%玉米浆+2. 5%尿素+3%糖蜜(9C2.5U3M),在氨化0、3、7、14、30与60 d后采集样品,测定氨化处理和氨化时间对水稻秸秆营养成分的影响。然后采用尼龙袋法测定对照处理和复合氨化处理的水稻秸秆的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)瘤胃有效降解率。结果表明:1)复合氨化处理可以显著降低水稻秸秆NDF和ADF含量(P0.05),显著增加CP含量(P0.05);随着氨化时间的延长,DM含量基本保持不变,NDF和CP含量显著降低(P0.05),ADF含量显著增加(P0.05)。2)与对照处理相比,复合氨化处理的NDF、ADF和CP瘤胃有效降解率均显著提高(P0.05),其中5U处理的DM、NDF和ADF瘤胃有效降解率最高,9C5U处理的CP瘤胃有效降解率最高。综合得出,复合氨化处理能降低水稻秸秆NDF和ADF含量,提高CP含量,能显著提高水稻秸秆DM、CP、NDF和ADF瘤胃有效降解率;氨化30 d时各营养成分基本趋于稳定。9%玉米浆和5%尿素组合的处理效果最佳。 相似文献
11.
氨化秸秆与棉籽饼补充对育肥黄牛生产性能的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验以氨化秸秆作为基础日粮,分别进行1、2、3和4公斤,4种不同水平的棉籽饼补充,并以氨化秸秆日粮组作为对照,探讨育肥黄牛的生产性能。4种补充水平日增重分别为602.4克、702.7克、838克和940.8克,而对照组日增重为255.6克。试验结果表明:在以氨化秸秆为基础日粮的饲喂体系中,用棉籽饼作为精料补充是可行的。从秸秆利用率、日增重及生产成本分析认为,每天补饲1～2公斤棉籽饼的日粮配合有较大的经济效益,且适合目前农村养牛生产水平,因而具有较大的推广价值。 相似文献
12.
化学处理提高甘蔗渣营养价值的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
甘蔗渣细胞壁物质含量高达90 % ,木质素含量为13.5 % ,粗蛋白含量为2.3 %。通过尿素、Ca(OH)2和NaOH处理后 ,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和木质素均有不同程度的下降 ,而体外有机物消化率(IVOMD)明显提高。其中 ,尿素的作用较小 ,Ca(OH)2 作用次之 ,尿素和Ca(OH)2 处理后IVOMD只能达到麦秸的水平 ,只有加入NaOH才能获得较满意的效果。甘蔗渣通过30g 尿素 +70gCa(OH) 2 g/kgDM、30g尿素 +70gCa(OH)2+20gNaOHg/kgDM、30g 尿素 +40gNaOHg/kgDM、30g尿素 +80NaOHg/kgDM处理后 ,体外有机物消化率从原来的21.82 %分别提高到33.93 %、40.05 %、35.38 %和58.32 %。 相似文献
13.
本试验以优良中筋小麦“扬麦14”为试验材料,在小麦整个生育期提高CO2浓度和温度,分为4组:空白组,升温组,CO2组,升温和CO2混合组,空白组小麦生长平均温度10.5 ℃,CO2浓度413 μmol/mol,升温组温度高于空白组2 ℃,CO2组浓度500 μmol/mol,升温和CO2混合组同时提高温度与CO2浓度,收割时采集麦秸用于体内消化试验。用3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛,采用尼龙袋法评定温度和CO2浓度升高环境下小麦秸瘤胃的降解特性。结果显示,与空白组相比,升温组DM快速降解部分显著升高(P<0.05),ADF降解率与ADF慢速降解部分显著降低(P<0.05);CO2组DM,OM,NDF及ADF降解率均显著降低(P<0.05),且DM,OM与NDF有效降解率显著降低(P<0.05);混合组DM,OM,NDF及ADF降解率均显著降低(P<0.05),DM,OM及ADF慢速降解部分显著降低(P<0.05),DM,OM与NDF有效降解率显著降低(P<0.05)。不同处理后麦秸DM,OM,NDF与ADF瘤胃内降解率从高到低为空白组、升温组、CO2组和混合组。综合以上结果表明,温度和CO2浓度升高降低了麦秸DM,OM,NDF及ADF瘤胃内降解率,导致麦秸营养价值降低,温度升高对降解率影响最小,其次为CO2浓度升高,温度和CO2浓度同时升高对麦秸营养价值的影响最为显著。 相似文献
14.
分别用0.5%过硫酸铵(B)、1%过硫酸铵(C)、2%过硫酸铵(D)、0.5%过硫酸钾(E)、1%过硫酸钾(F)、2%过硫酸钾(G)、4%尿素(H)处理芨芨草,A组为对照,水分调至45%,密封保存20天,然后利用瘤胃尼龙袋法测定芨芨草有效降解率,分析相关营养指标。试验结果表明:B、C、D可极显著(p<0.01)提高芨芨草DM中CP含量,分别提高CP8.62%、16.01%、30.30%;过硫酸铵可显著降低(p<0.05)NDF含量,B、C、D分别比对照组A降低2.14%、5.04%、9.09%。过硫酸钾可显著降低(p<0.05)NDF含量,E、F、G三个处理组分别比对照组A降低3.53%、6.74%、10.43%;4%尿素处理芨芨草后,芨芨草DM中CP含量极显著(p<0.01)提高(145.81%),NDF含量略有降低(2.5%),差异不显著(p>0.05)。用过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾处理芨芨草后,可极显著地(p<0.01)提高芨芨草DM、OM、NDF有效降解率,以0.5%过硫酸铵处理芨芨草效果最好,可分别提高芨芨草DM、OM、NDF有效降解率48.70%、53.43%、38.13%;4%尿素可极显著地(p<0.01)提高芨芨草DM、OM、NDF有效降解率,分别提高46.61%、50.87%、18.80%;0.5%过硫酸铵与4%尿素处理芨芨草的效果相当,但在提高NDF降解率方面,0.5%过硫酸铵优于4%尿素处理芨芨草的效果。 相似文献
15.
选用安有永久瘤胃瘘管黄淮山羊6只,随机分为3组,分别饲喂3种不同阴阳离子平衡（A组332mEq／kgDM、B组418mEq／kgDM、C组496mEq／kgDM）的日粮,研究日粮阴阳离子平衡对瘤胃消化代谢的影响。结果表明：提高日粮阴阳离子水平可以有效提高瘤胃液的pH值,在饲喂后8h差异显著（P〈0．05）;青干草DM、CF的降解率在瘤胃内随时间的增加而增加,在同一时间段试验B组较高,试验A组最低,且在12h、24h、48h时组间差异显著（P〈0．05）。CF的降解率趋势与DM相同,组间差异显著（P〈0．05）。 相似文献
16.
M. Ajmal Khan M. Sarwar M.S. Khan M.S. Rehman M. Nisa W.S. Lee H.S. Kim 《Livestock Science》2008,114(2-3):347-353
This study examined the influence of urea treated wheat straw (UTWS) ensiled with additives on feed intake, digestibility, ruminal characteristics and N utilization in Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls (Babulus bubalis) fed ad libitum. Wheat straw was treated on large scale with 4% urea at a 50% moisture level. The UTWS was ensiled with 6% CSL, 6% acidified molasses, 2% acetic acid and 2% formic acid on DM basis in four different cemented trench silos for 15 days. Four diets each having 50% dry matter (DM) from UTWS ensiled with acetic acid (AD), formic acid (FD), acidified molasses (MD) or corn steep liquor (CD) and 50% DM from concentrate mixture were fed to ruminally cannulated bulls in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Ruminal total VFA, acetate, cellulolytic ruminal bacterial count, DM and NDF degradability were significantly higher with MD and CD diets compared with AD and FD diets. Intake of different feed fractions was higher in bulls fed MD and CD diets. Total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients was similar across all treatments. Nitrogen retention was higher in bulls fed MD and CD diets than those fed AD and FD diets. Ensiling UTWS with fermentable carbohydrates sources having low pH compared to organic acids increased the N fixation in the matrix of cell wall fiber thus slowing its release at ruminal level that probably enhanced the N synchronization with carbon skeleton (fiber fermentation) and this consequently improved the N utilization. 相似文献
17.
Eighteen sheep were used to compare diets based on ammoniated wheat straw (AWS) or untreated wheat straw (WS) at three thermal environments: hot (HE, 36 degrees C, 70% relative humidity (RH], thermoneutral (TNE, 24 degrees C, 70% RH) and cold (CE, 4 degrees C, 70% RH). Six sheep were housed in each environment for at least 21 d prior to the trial. Two periods of 28 d were used in a crossover design. Within each period, digestibility was measured both under ad libitum intake (collections on d 16 to 20) and at restricted intake (collections on d 24 to 28). Diets consisted of 59% straw, 20% alfalfa hay and 21% concentrate. Urea was added to the untreated straw diet (.75%) to compensate partially for the N present in the AWS. Rectal temperature and respiration rates indicated that sheep in the HE were heat-stressed. Sheep housed in the CE had lower rectal temperatures and respiration rates than sheep in the TNE, but they did not shiver or show other visible signs of cold stress. Voluntary DM intake increased from 604 to 806 g/d, and ad libitum DM digestibility increased from 55.5 to 58.2% when AWS was fed. At restricted intake, ammoniation increased diet digestibility from 58.8 to 61.4%. Voluntary intake was lower in the HE (588 g/d) compared to 763 g/d in the TNE and 764 g/d in the CE. Digestibility of DM at ad libitum intake was lower in the HE (54.6%) than in the TNE (57.5%) or CE (58.6%); respective results at restricted intake were 58.5, 61.0 and 60.7%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
18.
选择装有永久瘤胃瘘管的黄淮山羊6只,随机分为3组,分别饲喂3种不同阴阳离子平衡(A组332mEq/kgDM、B组418 mEq/kgDM、C组496 mEq/kgDM)的日粮,研究日粮阴阳离子平衡对瘤胃消化代谢的影响。结果表明:提高日粮阴阳离子水平可有效提高瘤胃液pH值,在饲喂后8 h差异显著(P<0.05);青干草DM、CF的降解率在瘤胃内随时间的增加而增加,DM在同一时间段以B组最高,A组最低,且在12 h、24 h时A组显著低于B、C两组(P<0.05),在48 h时A、B、C 3组组间差异均显著(P<0.05)。CF的降解率在6 h时A、B、C 3组组间差异均显著(P<0.05),其他时间段均是B组最高,A、B两组显著高于C组(P<0.05)。 相似文献
19.
Improving the quality of rice straw by urea and calcium hydroxide on rumen ecology,microbial protein synthesis in beef cattle 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Four rumen‐fistulated beef cattle were randomly assigned to four treatments according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to study the influence of urea and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] treatment of rice straw to improve the nutritive value of rice straw. Four dietary treatments were as follows: untreated rice straw, 50 g/kg urea‐treated rice straw, 20 g/kg urea + 20 g/kg calcium hydroxide‐treated rice straw and 30 g/kg urea + 20 g/kg calcium hydroxide‐treated rice straw. All animals were kept in individual pens and fed with concentrate at 0.5 g/kg of BW (DM), rice straw was fed ad libitum. The experiment was conducted for four periods, and each period lasted for 21 days. During the first 14 days, DM feed intake measurements were made while during the last 7 days, all cattle were moved to metabolism crates for total faeces and urine collections. The results revealed that 20 g/kg urea + 20 g/kg calcium hydroxide‐treated rice straw improved the nutritive value of rice straw, in terms of dry matter intake, digestibility, ruminal volatile fatty acids, population of bacteria and fungi, nitrogen retention and microbial protein synthesis. Based on this study, it could be concluded that using urea plus calcium hydroxide was one alternative method to improve the nutritive value of rice straw, rumen ecology and fermentation and thus a reduction of treatment cost. 相似文献
20.
In two growth experiments with 30 lambs per group the influence of urea (1-2% of the ration) and straw (20-30% of the ration) on the performance was studied under conditions of intensive fattening. The content of native crude protein in the rations varied between 10.1 and 18.4% of the DM. In experiment 1 the lambs of the two groups which received mixed feed for fattening lambs without urea on average consumed with 1.02 and 1.11 kg DM resp., 696 and 757 EFUcattle resp. and 173 and 189 g crude protein resp. per animal and day. The groups with wheat or barley and urea consumed 1.06 and 0.96 kg DM resp., 714 and 627 EFUcattle resp. and 209 and 155 g crude protein resp. Their weight gain of 247 g/animal and day was 24% and that of 230 g resp. 26% higher than that in the control groups without urea. The lowest dry matter intake (0.91 and 0.82 kg resp.) was shown by the animals of the groups which received wheat or barley without urea. In the second experiment the control group achieved an average daily weight gain of 327 g at an expenditure of 2.24 kEFUcattle/kg weight gain. Despite a partly higher dry matter intake, the daily EFUcattle intake was between 12.2 and 24.5% lower in the straw groups and energy expenditure increased between 12.0 and 27.8%. Urea supplements of between 1 and 2% improved dry matter, EFUcattle and crude protein intake and thus weight gain. 相似文献