A mutation confers Monochoria vaginalis resistance to sulfonylureas that target acetolactate synthase     

Guang-Xi Wang  Ying Lin  Misako Ito 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2004,80(1):43-46

Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the target enzyme for four distinct families of compounds: sulfonylureas (SUs), imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilides, and pyrimidinyl oxybenzoates. We cloned and sequenced the fragments encoding ALS genes from biotypes of Monochoria vaginalis susceptible (S) and resistant (R) to SU-herbicides. The nucleotide sequences of the 39 bp Domain A region for R M. vaginalis biotype differed from that of the S biotype by a single nucleotide substitution at variable Pro codon of Domain A (CCT to TCT), predicting a Pro in the S but a Ser in the R biotype. No nucleotide differences between S and R M. vaginalis were observed in Domain D. We suggest that the amino acid substitution at Domain A region is responsible for resistance to SU-herbicides in M. vaginalis collected from Ushiku City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.  相似文献   

Characterisation and molecular basis of ALS inhibitor resistance in the grass weed Alopecurus myosuroides     

R MARSHALL  S R MOSS 《Weed Research》2008,48(5):439-447

Several UK populations of the grass weed Alopecurus myosuroides were identified where high proportions of individuals showed resistance to the acetolactate synthase (ALS)‐inhibiting herbicides, mesosulfuron‐methyl + iodosulfuron‐methyl sodium mixture and sulfometuron‐methyl. Screening with sulfometuron, followed by DNA sequencing of the ALS gene from resistant and susceptible individuals, led to the identification of eight populations where a single point mutation segregated with resistance to sulfometuron. All highly resistant individuals from seven of eight populations showed a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first position of the Pro197 codon of an A. myosuroides ALS gene, conferring a predicted proline to threonine target‐site change. One population showed resistant individuals with single‐nucleotide polymorphism in the second position of the Trp574 codon, conferring a predicted tryptophan to leucine substitution. No other mutations segregating with resistance were found. Enzyme assays confirmed that resistance was due to an altered form of ALS enzyme, which was less susceptible to inhibition by sulfonylureas, making this one of the first fully characterised cases of ALS target‐site resistance in a European grass weed. Increased information regarding the nature and distribution of ALS target‐site mutation may help support sustainable management strategies, allowing continued use of mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron against this weed in the UK.  相似文献   

Self-EcoTILLING to identify single-nucleotide mutations in multigene family   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guang-Xi Wang  Toshiyuki Imaizumi  Wei Li  Hiromasa Saitoh  Ryohei Terauchi  Takanori Ohsako  Tohru Tominaga 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2008,92(1):24-29

TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is a low-cost, high-throughput reverse genetic technique that employs a mismatch-specific endonuclease CEL-1 to discover induced point mutations in the genes of interest. The use of the TILLING technique to survey natural variation in genes is called EcoTILLING. Here, we report a modified EcoTILLING method for the discovery of mutations in multigene family, which we coin “Self-EcoTILLING” by using an allotetraploid Monochoria vaginalis ALS multigene family as an example. The mutations could be detected by TILLING of PCR products resulting from the primers specific to both Als1 and Als3 without involving the experimental step of mixture of reference and query DNA. Either of the two co-amplified loci could serve as reference DNA to the other. We demonstrate with this example that Self-EcoTILLING is a fast, reliable and economical technique of detecting single-nucleotide mutations in polyploid plants containing multigene family.  相似文献   

Mutations of the ALS gene endowing resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in Lolium rigidum populations     

Yu Q  Han H  Powles SB 《Pest management science》2008,64(12):1229-1236

BACKGROUND: In the important grass weed Lolium rigidum (Gaud.), resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides has evolved widely in Australia. The authors have previously characterised the biochemical basis of ALS herbicide resistance in a number of L. rigidum biotypes and established that resistance can be due to a resistant ALS and/or enhanced herbicide metabolism. The purpose of this study was to identify specific resistance‐endowing ALS gene mutation(s) in four resistant populations and to develop PCR‐based molecular markers. RESULTS: Six resistance‐conferring ALS mutations were identified: Pro‐197‐Ala, Pro‐197‐Arg, Pro‐197‐Gln, Pro‐197‐Leu, Pro‐197‐Ser and Trp‐574‐Leu. All six mutations were found in one population (WLR1). Each Pro‐197 mutation conferred resistance to the sulfonylurea (SU) herbicide sulfometuron, whereas the Trp‐574‐Leu mutation conferred resistance to both sulfometuron and the imidazolinone (IMS) herbicide imazapyr. A derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (dCAPS) marker was developed for detecting resistance mutations at Pro‐197. Furthermore, cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) markers were developed for detecting each of the six mutant resistant alleles. Using these markers, the authors revealed diverse ALS‐resistant alleles and genotypes in these populations and related them directly to phenotypic resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides. CONCLUSION: This study established the existence of a diversity of ALS gene mutations endowing resistance in L. rigidum populations: 1–6 different mutations were found within single populations. At field herbicide rates, resistance profiles were determined more by the specific mutation than by whether plants were homo‐ or heterozygous for the mutation. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Molecular basis for resistance to tribenuron in shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.)     

Tao JinJunliang Liu  Zhibo HuanCuixia Wu  Yaling BiJinxin Wang 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,100(2):160-164

Capsella bursa-pastoris, a winter annual weed in the mustard family, can not be controlled by tribenuron after the herbicide has been continuously used for several years. The resistant biotype Lz-R was the generation of a population collected from Liangzhu, a place where tribenuron had been used for more than 15 consecutive years. To confirm and characterize the resistance of C. bursa-pastoris to tribenuron, whole-plant bioassays were conducted in the greenhouse. The results of whole-plant bioassays revealed that Lz-R was highly resistant to tribenuron with the resistance index (GR₅₀ Lz-R)/(GR₅₀ Lz-S) up to 236.6. To investigate the molecular basis of resistance in C. bursa-pastoris, the acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes were sequenced and compared between susceptible and resistant biotypes. Analysis of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences between the biotypes indicated that one substitution had occurred in Domain A, cytosine by thymine (CCT to TCT) at position 197, that led to a change of the amino acid proline in the susceptible to serine in the Lz-R.  相似文献   

河南省部分地区麦田荠菜对苯磺隆的抗性水平及抗性靶标分子机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高新菊  王恒亮  马毅辉  陈威  秦光宇  宋语娇 《植物保护学报》2017,44(3):501-508

为明确河南省部分地区麦田荠菜Capsella bursa-pastoris对苯磺隆的抗性水平及抗性靶标分子机制,采用整株生物法测定了12个荠菜种群的抗性水平,并对乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)离体活性和ALS基因突变进行了测定分析。结果表明,商丘市民权县花园村(MQ)、周口市西华县小于楼村(XH)、平顶山市叶县穆寨村(YX)、许昌市长葛市董庄村(CG)采集的荠菜种群对苯磺隆产生了较高的抗性,GR_(50)分别为129.14、110.67、62.91和85.29 g/hm~2,抗性倍数分别为215.23、184.45、104.85和142.15倍;ALS离体活性测定所得I_(50)分别为5.85、4.87、1.38和3.83μmol/L,抗性倍数分别为83.57、69.57、19.71和54.71倍;其余8个种群的GR_(50)在0.60~2.86 g/hm~2之间,抗性倍数在1.00~4.77之间;I_(50)在0.07~0.37μmol/L之间,抗性倍数在1.00~5.29之间。荠菜种群MQ、XH的ALS基因Domain A区域第197位脯氨酸(CCT)均突变为丝氨酸(TCT),荠菜种群CG的第197位脯氨酸(CCT)突变为亮氨酸(CTT),表明靶标ALS基因突变是荠菜对苯磺隆产生抗性的重要原因之一,但荠菜种群YX的ALS基因保守区内暂未发现突变位点,其抗药性可能由其它原因造成。  相似文献   

Multiple resistance of Papaver rhoeas L. to 2,4‐D and acetolactate synthase inhibitors in four European countries     

V Kati  L Scarabel  D Thiery‐Lanfranchi  V Kioleoglou  S Liberopoulou  C Dlye 《Weed Research》2019,59(5):367-376

The issue of cross‐ or multiple resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and the auxinic herbicide 2,4‐D was investigated in Papaver rhoeas L., a common and troublesome weed in winter cereals, in a broad‐scale study across four European countries. A combination of herbicide sensitivity bioassays and molecular assays targeting mutations involved in resistance was conducted on 27 populations of P. rhoeas originating from Greece (9), Italy (5), France (10) and Spain (3). Plants resistant to the field rate of 2,4‐D were observed in 25 of the 27 populations assayed, in frequencies ranging from 5% to 85%. Plants resistant to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides (sulfonylureas) were present in 24 of the 27 populations, in frequencies ranging from 4% to 100%. Plants resistant to 2,4‐D co‐occurred with plants resistant to sulfonylureas in 23 populations. In four of these, the probability of presence of plants with cross‐ or multiple resistance to 2,4‐D and sulfonylureas was higher than 0.5. ALS genotyping of plants from the field populations or of their progenies, identified ALS alleles carrying a mutation at codon Pro197 or Trp574 in 2,4‐D‐sensitive and in 2,4‐D‐resistant plants. The latter case confirmed multiple resistance to 2,4‐D and ALS inhibitors at the level of individual plants in all four countries investigated. This study is the first to identify individual plants with multiple resistance in P. rhoeas, an attribute rarely assessed in other weed species, but one with significant implications in designing chemical control strategies.  相似文献   

Target-site basis for resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitor in Water chickweed (Myosoton aquaticum L.)     

Weitang Liu  Yaling Bi  Lingxu Li  Guohui Yuan  Long Du  Jinxin Wang 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2013

Water chickweed is a widespread and competitive winter annual or biennial weed of wheat in China. One Water chickweed population (HN02) resistant to several acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors was found in Henan province of China. Whole-plant bioassays showed that HN02 was high resistance to tribenuron (292.05-flod). In vitro ALS assays revealed that resistance was due to reduced sensitivity of the ALS enzyme to tribenuron. The I₅₀ value for HN02 was 85.53 times greater respectively than that of susceptible population (SD05). This altered ALS sensitivity in the resistant population was due to a mutation in the ALS gene resulting in a Pro197 to Ser substitution. Cross-resistance experiments indicated that HN02 exhibited various resistance patterns to pyrithiobac-sodium, florasulam and pyroxsulam, without resistance to imazethapyr. This is the first report of tribenuron-resistant Water chickweed in Henan province of China, target-site based resistance was established as being due to an insensitive form of ALS, resulting from a Pro to Ser substitution at amino acid position 197 in the ALS gene.  相似文献   

Characterization of sulfonylurea-resistant Schoenoplectus juncoides having a target-site Asp₃₇₆Glu mutation in the acetolactate synthase     

Yoshinao Sada  Hajime Ikeda  Seiji Yamato  Satoru Kizawa 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2013

Schoenoplectus juncoides, a noxious weed for paddy rice, is known to become resistant to sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides by a target-site mutation in either of the two acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes (ALS1 and ALS2). SU-resistant S. juncoides plants having an Asp₃₇₆Glu mutation in ALS2 were found from a paddy rice field in Japan, but their resistance profile has not been quantitatively investigated. In this study, dose–response of the SU-resistant accession was compared with that of a SU-susceptible accession at in vivo whole-plant level as well as at in vitro enzymatic level.  相似文献   

天津市小麦田荠菜对双氟磺草胺的抗性及其乙酰乳酸合成酶基因突变     

李琦  于金萍  郭文磊  刘亦学  张惟 《农药学学报》2021,23(4):711-715

为明确天津市小麦田荠菜种群对双氟磺草胺的抗性情况及可能的抗性机理,本研究在天津市静海区、武清区、宝坻区及蓟州区等荠菜发生严重地区的小麦田共采集到6个荠菜种群,采用整株水平测定法测定了6个荠菜种群对双氟磺草胺的抗性水平,并扩增、比对了其靶标乙酰乳酸合成酶 (ALS) 基因部分片段的差异。结果表明:6个荠菜种群对双氟磺草胺均产生了高抗性,抗性倍数在11.4~47.2之间。对抗性和敏感种群的ALS基因片段进行测定比对发现,6个荠菜种群ALS基因197位氨基酸均由脯氨酸 (CCT) 突变为丝氨酸 (TCT),该突变可能是导致荠菜种群对双氟磺草胺产生抗性的重要原因之一。  相似文献   

荠菜对乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂类除草剂的抗性水平及其分子机制   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张乐乐  郭文磊  李伟  赵宁  刘伟堂  王金信 《农药学学报》2016,18(6):717-723

为明确荠菜种群对苯磺隆的抗性水平及其靶标抗性产生的分子机制,采用整株水平测定法测定了荠菜对苯磺隆及其他5种乙酰乳酸合成酶（ALS）抑制剂类除草剂的抗性水平,同时扩增和比对了荠菜抗性和敏感种群之间ALS基因的差异。结果显示:与敏感种群15-ZMD-1相比,抗性种群15-ZMD-5对苯磺隆产生了高水平抗性,抗性倍数为219.6;15-ZMD-5种群不同单株中共存在3种突变方式,分别为ALS基因197位点脯氨酸（CCT）突变为亮氨酸（CTT）、574位点色氨酸（TGG）突变为亮氨酸（TTG）以及单株同时发生上述197和574位点的氨基酸突变。15-ZMD-5抗苯磺隆种群对嘧草硫醚、啶磺草胺和氟唑磺隆均产生了高水平的交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为41.2、79.3和87.8;对双氟磺草胺和咪唑乙烟酸产生了低水平的交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为8.5和5.6。分析表明,荠菜抗性种群ALS基因发生的氨基酸突变可能是导致其对ALS抑制剂类除草剂产生抗性的重要原因之一。  相似文献   

Cross-resistance of horseweed (Conyza canadensis) populations with three different ALS mutations     

Zheng D  Kruger GR  Singh S  Davis VM  Tranel PJ  Weller SC  Johnson WG 《Pest management science》2011,67(12):1486-1492

BACKGROUND: Horseweed is a weed commonly found in agronomic crops, waste areas and roadsides. Resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides in horseweed was first reported in 1993 in a population from Israel. Resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides in horseweed is now widespread, but, as of now, the resistance mechanism has not been reported. RESULTS: Two of three populations evaluated (P116 and P13) were found to be uniform for resistance (>98% of individuals survived 8.8 g AI ha^?1 of cloransulam), whereas a third population, P525, contained about 85% resistant individuals. Cross‐resistance to cloransulam, chlorimuron, imazethapyr and bispyribac was observed in the P116 population. P525 and P13 were both sensitive to imazethapyr but resistant to chlorimuron, imazethapyr and bispyribac. Enzyme activity assays indicated that resistance in P13 was due to an altered target site. Southern blot analysis indicated that the ALS target site is encoded by a single copy gene. Overlapping ALS gene regions were amplified and sequenced from each population. Amino acid substitutions of Ser for Pro at position 197 (P197S) was detected from P13, Ala for Pro (P197A) was identified from P525 and substitution of Glu for Asp (D376E) at position 376 was found in P116. Molecular markers were developed to differentiate between wild‐type and resistant codons at positions 197 and 376 of horseweed ALS. CONCLUSION: Resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides in horseweed is conferred by target‐site mutations that have also been identified in other weed species. Identification of the mutations within horseweed ALS gene sequence enables molecular assays for rapid detection and resistance diagnosis. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Varied occurrence of diverse sulfonylurea‐resistant biotypes of Schoenoplectus juncoides [Roxb.] Palla in Japan,as classified by an acetolactate synthase gene mutation     

Yoshinao Sada  Satoru Kizawa  Hajime Ikeda 《Weed Biology and Management》2012,12(4):168-176

Suspected sulfonylurea (SU)‐resistant Schoenoplectus juncoides plants were collected from rice paddy fields at 24 sites in Japan in order to discover the occurrence pattern of target‐site substitutions on a nationwide scale and at a local field scale. A genetic analysis of the two acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes, ALS1 and ALS2, of the collected plants confirmed that a single‐nucleotide mutation at the Pro₁₉₇, Asp₃₇₆ or Trp₅₇₄ site of either ALS1 or ALS2 existed in each suspected SU‐resistant plant. On a nationwide scale, it was shown that the ALS1 mutations and the ALS2 mutations occurred at a similar frequency, that the P197S and the P197L substitutions were found most frequently among all the substitutions, and that the W574L substitutions (known as global resistance to any ALS‐inhibiting herbicide) were found at a relatively low frequency but in a geographically wide range. In the local field‐scale survey, which was conducted at two sites in Hyogo Prefecture, it was shown that the substitutions were less diverse, compared to on a nationwide scale, probably because the investigation involved a limited number of local fields, and that several substitutions and a susceptible biotype were found in single fields suggesting that a number of collections is required in order to understand the local SU‐resistant status of S. juncoides. In addition, this study reported new findings, that of the P197R, P197T and D376E substitutions in S. juncoides. This set of diverse substitutions in a weed species can be used for further research purposes.  相似文献   

Biology and mechanisms of sulfonylurea resistance in Schoenoplectiella juncoides,a noxious sedge in the rice paddy fields of Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Yoshinao Sada  Akira Uchino 《Weed Biology and Management》2017,17(3):125-135

Schoenoplectiella juncoides is a noxious sedge weed in rice paddy fields that has evolved resistance to sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides. The molecular basis of resistance is amino acid substitutions at Pro₁₉₇, Trp₅₇₄ or Asp₃₇₆ in the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme, which is the target of SUs. Schoenoplectiella juncoides has two ALS genes and resistant plants have point mutations that cause amino acid substitutions in either encoded protein. Single‐nucleotide substitutions at the codon for Pro₁₉₇ in the ALS genes can cause six types of amino acid substitutions and all of these substitutions have been found in both ALS genes among Japanese SU‐resistant biotypes. Whole‐plant herbicide responses differ among the amino acid substitution types. Furthermore, analyses of ALS activity in plant extracts show that the extracts’ responses to herbicides differ, depending on which ALS gene is mutated. The activity responses of the ALS extracts to the SU, imazosulfuron, showed double‐sigmoid curves with plateaus of ~30% inhibition for Pro₁₉₇ substitutions in ALS1 and ~70% for Pro₁₉₇ substitutions in ALS2. This indicates that ALS1 and ALS2 contribute to the responses with a proportion of 7:3. The double‐sigmoid curves can be reconstructed to show the responses of the resistant and susceptible enzymes separately by regression analysis. The resistance levels of the separate ALS1 or ALS2 mutated enzyme are highly correlated with the whole‐plant responses, with a relationship that the former is the square of the latter. This could provide a quantitative insight into the physiological basis of resistance.  相似文献   

除草剂与乙酰乳酸合成酶相互作用的分子机理研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

姜玲  王相晶  向文胜 《农药学学报》2007,9(1):06-13

综述了酵母乙酰乳酸合成酶(ScALS)与磺酰脲类除草剂氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron-ethyl,CE)形成的复合物在0.28 nm分辨率下的晶体结构及拟南芥乙酰乳酸合成酶(AtALS)与磺酰脲类和咪唑啉酮类除草剂复合物的三维结构。除草剂的分子结构与酶、底物并不相似,但它们与酶形成的复合物可阻断底物进入酶活性位点通路而起抑制作用。连接磺酰脲的10个氨基酸残基同样连接咪唑喹啉酸,另有6个残基只与磺酰脲而不与咪唑喹啉酸相连,有2个残基只与咪唑喹啉酸而不与磺酰脲相连,即两种抑制剂占据了特别的重叠位点,但以不同方式连接。抗性杂草的产生是因为突变株ALS的残基位点变异,从而引起除草剂与ALS结合方式的变化。这些研究对进一步理解除草剂与靶分子的作用方式及除草剂的分子药物设计具有重要的指导作用。  相似文献   

抗苄嘧磺隆雨久花乙酰乳酸合成酶突变的研究     

张云月  卢宗志﹡  李洪鑫  崔海兰 《植物保护》2015,41(5):88-93

本研究采用cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)结合RT-PCR方法克隆抗苄嘧磺隆雨久花生物型和敏感性雨久花生物型乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)基因cDNA序列,并对测序结果进行比对分析。结果表明:与敏感性的雨久花ALS相比,公主岭(GZL)抗性生物型中第197位脯氨酸突变为组氨酸,第556位亮氨酸突变为苯丙氨酸;柳河(LH)抗性生物型中第358位天冬酰胺突变为天冬氨酸;磐石市(PS)抗性生物型中第525位缬氨酸突变为异亮氨酸。分析表明,高度保守区Domain A的第197位氨基酸残基的突变可能是导致公主岭稻区雨久花产生抗药性的主要原因之一,而其他抗性生物型抗性产生的原因有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

A novel amino acid substitution Ala-122-Tyr in ALS confers high-level and broad resistance across ALS-inhibiting herbicides     

Han H  Yu Q  Purba E  Li M  Walsh M  Friesen S  Powles SB 《Pest management science》2012,68(8):1164-1170

BACKGROUND: Wild radish, a problem weed worldwide, is a severe dicotyledonous weed in crops. In Australia, sustained reliance on ALS‐inhibiting herbicides to control this species has led to the evolution of many resistant populations endowed by any of several ALS mutations. The molecular basis of ALS‐inhibiting herbicide resistance in a novel resistant population was studied. RESULTS: ALS gene sequencing revealed a previously unreported substitution of Tyr for Ala at amino acid position 122 in resistant individuals of a wild radish population (WARR30). A purified subpopulation individually homozygous for the Ala‐122‐Tyr mutation was generated and characterised in terms of its response to the different chemical classes of ALS‐inhibiting herbicides. Whole‐plant dose‐response studies showed that the purified subpopulation was highly resistant to chlorsulfuron, metosulam and imazamox, with LD₅₀ or GR₅₀ R/S ratio of > 1024, > 512 and > 137 respectively. The resistance to imazypyr was found to be relatively moderate (but still substantial), with LD₅₀ and GR₅₀ R/S ratios of > 16 and > 7.8 respectively. In vitro ALS activity assays showed that Ala‐122‐Tyr ALS was highly resistant to all tested ALS‐inhibiting herbicides. CONCLUSION: The molecular basis of ALS‐inhibiting herbicide resistance in wild radish population WARR30 was identified to be due to an Ala‐122‐Tyr mutation in the ALS gene. This is the first report of an amino acid substitution at Ala‐122 in the plant ALS that confers high‐level and broad‐spectrum resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides, a remarkable contrast to the known mutation Ala‐122‐Thr endowing resistance to imidazolinone herbicide. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Mutations in the acetolactate synthase genes of sulfonylurea-resistant biotypes of Lindernia spp.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Akira Uchino  Hiroaki Watanabe 《Weed Biology and Management》2002,2(2):104-109

Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids. A mutation of the ALS gene causing amino acid substitution at the position of proline in Domain A makes ALS less sensitive to sulfonylureas, which are ALS-inhibiting herbicides. We cloned partial ALS genes from four Lindernia plants, L . dubia var. dubia , L . dubia var. major , L . micrantha and L . procumbens , for which biotypes resistant to sulfonylureas have been found in paddy fields. The clones were classified into two groups in each Lindernia plant: Als1 and Als2 . Sequencing of the clones and alignment of deduced amino acid sequences with previously reported ALS of other species suggested that the cloned region contains an intron in both Als1 and Als2 . Comparison of Als1 between resistant and susceptible biotypes showed that the proline of Domain A was replaced by alanine, serine or glutamine in all resistant biotypes of Lindernia plants, while it was conserved in all susceptible biotypes. This amino acid substitution in ALS encoded by Als1 is involved in the resistant mechanism of ALS to sulfonylurea in the four Lindernia plants.  相似文献   

Transformation a mutant Monochoria vaginalis acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene renders Arabidopsis thaliana resistant to ALS inhibitors     

Ha Young Song 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2010,97(3):223-228

Acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes from Monochoria vaginalis resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes against ALS inhibitors found in Korea revealed a single amino acid substitution of Proline (CCT), at 169th position based on the M. vaginalis ALS sequence numbering, to serine (TCT) in conserved domain A of the gene (equal to the proline 197 in Arabidopsis thaliana ALS gene sequence). A. thaliana plants transformed with the single mutated (Pro₁₆₉ to Ser) M. vaginalis ALS gene (including transit signal peptide) showed cross-resistance patterns to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, like as sulfonylurea-herbicide bensulfuron methyl (R/S factor of 9.5), imidazolinone-herbicide imazapyr (R/S factor of 5.1), and triazolopyrimidine-herbicide flumetsulam (R/S factor of 17.6) when measuring hypocotyls’ length of A. thaliana. The ALS activity from the transgenic A. thaliana plants confirmed the cross-resistance pattern to these herbicides like as R/S factor of 8.3 to bensulfuron methyl, 2.3 to imazapyr, and 13.2 to flumetsulam.  相似文献   

看麦娘对甲基二磺隆靶标抗性的快速检测     

郭文磊  白霜  池艳艳  冯莉  王金信 《农药学学报》2018,20(2):178-184

甲基二磺隆是防除小麦田看麦娘Alopecurus aequalis等禾本科杂草的主要除草剂品种之一,但目前中国山东、江苏及安徽等地已有部分看麦娘种群对其产生了抗性。ALS基因197位点突变是看麦娘对甲基二磺隆产生抗性的重要机理,根据突变型和野生型看麦娘在197位点处碱基序列的不同,本研究设计出了一种衍生性酶切扩增多态性序列(dCAPS)分子标记方法,可用于197位点突变的快速检测。通过在引物D197F序列的3′ 端引入一个错配碱基,扩增所得不同种群看麦娘的ALS片段经限制性内切酶BamH I酶切后表现出多态性:野生敏感型分别产生了200和36 bp的2个条带;纯合突变型因无法被切开,只有236 bp的一个条带;而杂合突变型则同时产生了上述3个条带。该dCAPS检测结果准确、可靠,与经典的整株水平测定结果一致,并且可同时检测197位点上任一形式的突变。研究结果可为看麦娘等禾本科杂草对甲基二磺隆靶标抗性的快速检测提供理论依据。  相似文献