共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
小麦品质劣变指标的选择与评定 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文概述了小麦在各种不同储藏条件下所发生的六大变化(蛋白质变化、脂质的变化、碳水化合物的变化、酶的变化、生活力的变化和食用品质的变化);列举了作为小麦品质劣变的十三项指标及其分类;提出了劣变指标评定应遵循的若干原则。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
中国挂面对小麦粉品质的要求 总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17
对以１７个不同类型小麦制成的小麦粉样品进行了有关面粉品质与挂面品质性状的测定。结果表明，小麦粉的蛋白质含量和干面条的切断强度及煮熟面条的韧性均呈显著正相关，但对其食用品质、色泽及煮面最后总评分均呈显著负相关。综合各项指标，优质挂面用小麦粉宜选用蛋白质含量中等，色泽好，面团强度较强者为好，软麦更优于硬麦。对具体指标进行了讨论。 相似文献
6.
现阶段,我国人口众多,需要消耗大量的粮食,而且我国人民群众更倾向于食用小麦,因此在种植小麦的过程中,必须运用先进的农业栽培技术,提升小麦的品质,满足我国人民群众的粮食需求。但是传统的农业栽培技术在运用过程中必然会影响小麦的品质,因此需要科学合理地运用相关农业栽培技术。基于此,文章分析运用农业栽培技术后对小麦品质产生的影响,同时结合实际给出应用小麦相关农业栽培技术的策略。 相似文献
7.
8.
小麦储藏期间品质指标分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
柏九菊 《粮油仓储科技通讯》2004,(2):47-49
通过对小麦储藏期间品质的分析，寻找一系列既可以灵敏地反应小麦储藏期间生理、化学成分等的变化，又可以反应小麦最终的加工品质和营养品质的指标，同时要求这些指标有检测方便、实用、快捷、客观的特点。在指标分析的同时又将储藏条件对这些指标的影响进行了论述。 相似文献
9.
豫麦34号(原名郑农7号)是郑州市农林科学研究所1982年以矮孟牛为母本,豫麦2号为父本杂交选育而成的集优质、高产、抗病、广适于一体的小麦品种.该品种产量三要素协调,品质达到强筋小麦国家标准,综合抗性好,适宜在黄淮冬麦区中晚茬地种植,1994年通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定,1998年通过全国农作物品种审定委员会审定.该品种的育成在国内率先解决了小麦育种工作中"优质不高产,高产不优质"的矛盾,为我国黄淮麦区小麦品种和品质结构战略性调整提供了品种支撑,是我国小麦品质育种的技术跨越.在该品种的推广过程中,率先实施跨行业联合,实行订单农业,按育、繁、推,产、加、销一体化模式运作,累计推广超过400万hm2.2002年该品种作为我国食用小麦出口的主导品种之一,实现了中国食用小麦出口零的突破. 相似文献
10.
该试验探讨了黄淮地区不同年份之间冬小麦品质指标的波动趋势,分析结论可为该地区小麦品质提升和品种产业化应用提供理论参考。经过分析2011—2015年中国黄淮地区南、北片国家区试水地组的317个小麦品种的籽粒粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、面团稳定时间、沉降值和最大拉伸阻力等一系列相关品质指标。结果得出：2013年黄淮地区南、北片的小麦平均粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量高于其他年份,但是稳定时间却不是最大。综合比较不同年份小麦品质指标的变异大小,以容重最小,稳定时间最大。变异程度较为接近的是蛋白质和湿面筋含量,但是稳定时间的变异约为前两者的20倍以上。根据品质指标含量进行分类,强筋、弱筋和中筋品种分别占有比例为3.15%、0%和22.7%,其余未归类品种所占比例高达74.14%。 相似文献
11.
绵阳系列小麦籽粒蛋白质含量及其组分与SDS-沉降值关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以14个绵阳系列小麦品种为材料,研究不同品种籽粒蛋白质含量、蛋白组分和SDS-沉降值的变化规律,以及籽粒蛋白质含量及其组分与SDS-沉降值的关系,为绵阳系列小麦品种的选育提供理论依据。研究结果表明,不同小麦品种籽粒蛋白质含量不同,变幅为7.30%~13.09%,多数品种属于低蛋白质含量类型。多数品种的SDS-沉降值分布在20~30 mL范围内。不同品种籽粒蛋白组分各异。籽粒蛋白质含量、贮藏蛋白含量、谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白含量都与SDS-沉淀值成极显著的正相关关系。高的籽粒蛋白质含量和谷蛋白与醇溶蛋白含量是绵阳系列小麦品种获得较好烘烤品质的前提。 相似文献
12.
Summary Gelprotein or SDS-insoluble gel-forming glutenin was isolated from wheat flour by extraction with an aqueous 1.5% SDS solution. Remarkable intervarietal differences were observed both in amount and subunit composition of these proteins.The amount of gelprotein and the SDS-sedimentation volume both proved to be good parameters for the bread-making quality of wheat cultivars. A high correlation was observed between amount of gelprotein and SDS-sedimentation volume. The amount of gelprotein was therefore tentatively assumed to be the essential basis of the SDS-sedimentation test.The subunit composition of the gelprotein was studied by SDS-PAGE after reduction of SS bonds by mercaptoethanol. It was found that the average bread-making quality of wheat cultivars and progeny of the cross Atlas 66 x Atys which possessed subunits 3 and 10, coded for by chromosome 1D, was significantly higher than that of wheat samples possessing subunit 2 and 11, their allelic counterparts. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
Relationship between Quality, Colour of Glume and Gliadin Electrophoregrams in Durum Wheat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Gliadin electrophoregrams, protein content and SDS-sedimentation values from the modified SDS-sedimentation test were obtained from six Greek cultivars of Triticum durum and 98 biotypes (78 with white glumes, 20 with red glumes). Our results provide wheat breeders with the tool TO predict the cooking quality of durum wheat from early generation breeding lines, since we were able to correlate the colour of the glume with the presence or absence of gliadin bands 42/45. All red glume biotypes lacked gliadin band 45 and possessed gliadin band 42. Furthermore, their SDS sedimentation values were around 27 (weak gluten), indicating poor cooking quality. Yet, the electrophoregrams of the gliadin proteins allowed an identification of the wheat cultivars examined, since for each cultivars the pattern was different. No correlation was found between the colour of the glume and the amount of total gram protein. 相似文献
16.
H. Fufa P. Stephen Baenziger B. S. Beecher R. A. Graybosch K. M. Eskridge L. A. Nelson 《Euphytica》2005,144(1-2):187-198
Evaluation of wheat cultivars from different eras allows breeders to determine changes in agronomic and end-use quality characteristics
associated with grain yield and end-use quality improvement over time. The objective of this research was to examine the trends
in agronomic and end-use quality characteristics of hard red winter wheat cultivars grown in Nebraska. Thirty historically
important and popular hard red winter wheat cultivars introduced or released between 1874 and 2000 were evaluated at Lincoln,
Mead and North Platte, Nebraska in 2002 and 2003. An alpha lattice design with 15 incomplete blocks of two plots and three
replications was used at all locations. Agronomic (days to flowering, plant height, spike length, culm length, grain yield
and yield components, and grain volume weight) and end-use quality (flour yield, SDS-sedimentation value, flour protein content,
and mixograph time and tolerance) traits were measured in each environment. Highly significant differences were observed among
environments, genotypes and their interactions for most agronomic and end-use quality characteristics. Unlike modern cultivars,
older cultivars were low yielding, and less responsive to favorable environments for grain yield and yield components. Semidwarf
cultivars were more stable for plant height than traditional medium to tall cultivars. All cultivars had high grain volume
weight since it is part of the grading system and highly selected for in cultivar release. Modern cultivars were less stable
than older cultivars for SDS-sedimentation and mixing tolerance. However, the stability of older cultivars was attributed
to their having weak mixing tolerance and reduced SDS-sedimentation values. The reduced protein content of modern cultivars
was offset by increased functionality, as measured by mixograph and SDS sedimentation. In conclusion, breeders have tailored
agronomic and end-use quality traits essential for hard red winter wheat production and marketing in Nebraska. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
Pan bread and dry white Chinese noodle quality in Chinese winter wheats 总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31
Improvements in pan bread quality and Chinese dry white noodle (DWCN) quality are the major breeding objectives in the north China winter wheat region. Eighty-one wheat cultivars and advanced lines were sown in two locations in the 2000–2001 season to evaluate the quality of winter wheat germplasm and investigate the association between pan bread quality and DWCN quality. Significant variability was observed for grain, pan bread, and DWCN quality attributes. Six cultivars and lines showed very good pan bread quality, 23 showed excellent DWCN quality in both locations, and the cultivars Yumai 34 and Sunstate showed superior quality for both food products. Protein content and grain hardness were significantly associated with pan bread quality, while the gluten quality-related parameters SDS-sedimentation value, Farinograph stability, and Extensograph maximum resistance, were significantly associated with pan bread quality score, and accounted for 59.3–72.3% of its variation. Yellow colour (b, CIE Lab) showed a strong negative association with pan bread and DWCN quality largely due to the strong and negative association between yellow colour and gluten strength parameters in this germplasm pool. Flour ash content and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) had a negative moderate effect on noodle colour, while protein content and grain hardness were negatively associated with noodle colour, appearance, and smoothness. The association between SDS-sedimentation volume, Farinograph stability, and Extensograph maximum resistance and DWCN score fitted a quadratic regression model, accounting for 31.0%, 39.0%, and 47.0% of the DWCN score, respectively. The starch pasting parameters, peak viscosity and paste breakdown, contributed positively to DWCN quality, with r = 0.57 and 0.55, respectively. Quality requirements for pan bread and DWCN differ in colour, gluten strength, and pasting viscosity. It is suggested that PPO, yellow pigment, SDS sedimentation volume, and peak viscosity are parameters that could be used to screen for DWCN quality in the early generations of a wheat-breeding program. 相似文献
20.
Edward Witkowski Jacek Waga Krystyna Witkowska Marcin Rapacz Magdalena Gut Amelia Bielawska Helena Luber Adam J. Lukaszewski 《Euphytica》2008,159(3):377-384
Subunits of high molecular weight glutenins strongly influence wheat bread making quality and can be associated with important
agronomic traits. Polish winter wheats show a significant quantitative dominance of the null allele over the coding alleles of the Glu-A1 locus. To identify the causes of such skewed distribution, 116 F5 lines obtained from six cross combinations were analyzed for their HMW glutenin subunits and 11 agronomic characteristics,
such as plant height and uniformity, leaf blotch and leaf rust resistance, grain yield per plot, number of grains per ear,
grain yield per ear, 1000 kernel weight, frost tolerance, total protein content and the SDS-sedimentation value. The SDS-sedimentation
value, resistance to leaf blotch and frost tolerance showed statistically significant associations with the status of the
Glu-A1 locus. It appears that chromosome 1A with the null allele at Glu-A1 carries a closely linked locus responsible for frost tolerance. With early strong selection for winter hardiness, the null
allele of Glu-A1 becomes fixed in advanced breeding materials despite its strong negative impact on the end use quality. 相似文献